| 11. |
- Carlsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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High Concentrations of the Angiogenic Peptide VEGF-A in Seminal Fluid and its Association to Prostasomes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clinical Laboratory. - 1433-6510. ; 62:8, s. 1515-1520
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels by capillary sprouting from pre-existing vessels. This process is associated with increased expression of angiogenic factors like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The VEGF family consists of five members denoted VEGF-A, B, C, D and placenta growth factor (PlGF). Prostasomes are exosome-like extracellular vesicles existing in seminal plasma. The present study aimed at investigating the possible relationship between VEGF-A in seminal fluid and blood plasma and the prostasomal association of VEGF-A.Methods: Measurement of VEGF-A concentrations was carried out in seminal plasma from 40 males and in blood plasma from 40 male blood donors utilizing commercial ELISA kits. The prostasomal association of VEGF-A was investigated by flow cytometry.Results: We found highly elevated concentrations of VEGF-A in seminal fluid (median value 150000 pg/mL) compared with those of blood plasma. Flow cytometric analysis showed that VEGF-A is bound to the surface of prostasomes.Conclusions: Prostasomes and seminal plasma contain the angiogenic factor VEGF-A in high concentrations exceeding that of blood plasma by 1000 times.
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| 14. |
- Dubois, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Human erythrocyte-derived nanovesicles can readily be loaded with doxorubicin and act as anticancer agents
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cancer Research Frontiers. - : Cancer Research Frontiers. - 2328-5249. ; 4:1, s. 13-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In future therapeutics new formulas are needed that assure lower doses, fewer side effects, targeted administration and protection of the drug from degradation. In a first step to fulfil the requirements defined above, we carried out an in vitro study by developing a new procedure to encapsulate drugs using native vesicles first from prostasomes and then from erythrocyte membranes known to be well tolerated. The new method for production of drug delivery vesicles utilized osmotic loading of detergent resistant membranes (DRMs).Materials and methods: DRMs of prostasomes and prepared human erythrocyte membranes were extracted and separated in a sucrose gradient at a density of 1.10 g/mL containing 1% Triton X-100. These DRMs were characterized by electron microscopy (transmission and scanning EM) and loaded with low and high molecular compounds. PC3 prostate cancer cells were treated with doxorubicin loaded DRMs in triplicate. DAPI (nuclear fluorescent stain) was included and fluorescence microscopic pictures were taken before the cells were trypsinized and counted after 48h.Results: The content of the well separated band was observed ultrastructurally as small spherical, double layered membrane vesicles, (DRM vesicles) which harbored hyperosmolar sucrose of the gradient. Encapsulated hyperosmolar sucrose induced a transient osmotic lysis of the DRM vesicles when suspended in isotonic buffer containing loading molecules allowing vesicular inclusion. After this proof of concept, the method was finally employed for doxorubicin loading of DRM vesicles from human erythrocytes. When incubating such vesicles with PC3 cells a complete arrest of growth was observed in sharp contrast to PC3 cells incubated with plain doxorubicin in similar conditions.Conclusion: The present results open up new possibilities for using DRM vesicles as drug delivery vesicles.
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| 15. |
- Dubois, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Proteomic profiling of detergent resistant membranes (lipid rafts) of prostasomes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 14:11, s. 3015-3022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostasomes are exosomes derived from prostate epithelial cells through exocytosis by multivesicular bodies. Prostasomes have a bilayered membrane and readily interact with sperm. The membrane lipid composition is unusual with a high contribution of sphingomyelin at the expense of phosphatidylcholine and saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids are dominant. Lipid rafts are liquid-ordered domains that are more tightly packed than the surrounding non-raft phase of the bilayer. Lipid rafts are proposed to be highly dynamic, submicroscopic assemblies that float freely within the liquid disordered membrane bilayer and some proteins preferentially partition into the ordered raft domains. We asked the question whether lipid rafts do exist in prostasomes and, if so, which proteins might be associated with them. Prostasomes of density range 1.13-1.19g/mL were subjected to density gradient ultracentrifugation in sucrose fabricated by phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 1% Triton X-100 with capacity for banding at 1.10g/mL, i.e. the classical density of lipid rafts. Prepared prostasomal lipid rafts (by gradient ultracentrifugation) were analyzed by mass spectrometry and electron microscopy. The clearly visible band on top of 1.10g/mL sucrose in the Triton X-100 containing gradient was subjected to LC-MS/MS and more than 370 lipid raft associated proteins were identified. Several of them were involved in intraluminal vesicle formation, e.g. tetraspanins, ESCRTs and Ras-related proteins. This is the first comprehensive LC-MS/MS profiling of proteins in lipid rafts derived from exosomes. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002163.
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| 16. |
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| 20. |
- Larsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Antiprostasome antibodies : possible serum markers for prostate cancer metastasizing liability
- 2006
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Ingår i: Urologic Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-1439 .- 1873-2496. ; 24:3, s. 195-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostasomes are secretory granules synthesized, stored, and secreted by normal and neoplastic human prostate epithelial cells. In prostate cancer, they are anticipated to be released into the blood circulation where they may be immunogenic. The aim of our study was to examine whether prostasome antibody presence in serum bears any prognostic significance for men with prostate cancer. We developed a sensitive and specific immunoassay (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) to establish the presence of antiprostasome antibodies in serum. The antiprostasome antibody titer in serum, sampled before any kind of therapy for prostate cancer, was examined together with clinicopathologic variables and outcome over a median follow-up of 350 days in 218 patients with verified prostate cancer. We detected these antibodies in 191 (88%) of these patients. This antibody titer did not correlate to serum values of prostate-specific antigen. Significant, inverse relationships were registered for antiprostasome antibody titer, and metastases to bone and/or lymph nodes (P = 0.035) and pT (P = 0.025). These results indicate that the antiprostasome antibody titer in serum may be a novel marker for prostate cancer liability to metastasize.
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