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- Nilsson, Manuela, 1961-
(författare)
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Grassroots Reconciliation Stories from Post-Conflict Nicaragua
- 2010
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Ingår i: Social Alternatives. - Australia : University of the Sunshine Coast. - 0155-0306. ; 29:1, s. 49-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How do actors formerly involved in violent conflict reconcile, particularly in the absence of a government-led top down effort? This article analyzing grassroots reconciliation efforts during the fifteen years following the civil war of the 1980s in Nicaragua. As a result of extensive rounds of interviews with actors and opinion leaders from both sides as well as members of the international community in volved in the peace building process, the study concludes that today, after two decades of peace, many Nicaraguans have advanced from negative coexistence to full reconciliation. Faced with the absence of effective ‘trickle down’ policies on the elite level to help this process along, Nicaraguans have found their own ways of reconciliation. Examples for both, the successes as well as the failures to reach reconciliation, are presented.
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| 5. |
- Tornhill, Sofie, 1974-
(författare)
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Capital visions : scripting progress and work in Nicaraguan free-trade zones
- 2011
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Ingår i: Latin American perspectives. - Berverly Hills, Calif. : Sage Publications. - 0094-582X .- 1552-678X. ; 38:5, s. 74-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electoral loss of the Sandinistas in 1990 marked the beginning of a transformation agenda in Nicaragua aimed at dismantling the revolutionary legacy. During the presidency of Enrique Bolanos (2002-2007), efforts to attract transnational capital to tax-exempt free-trade zones intensified. Advertising campaigns directed toward presumptive investors, workers, and the general public attempted to brand Nicaragua as an ideal destination for transnational capital, frame neoliberal restructurings in terms of a common good, and depict free-trade zones as a vehicle for female emancipation. Analysis of some of the products of these campaigns highlights efforts to legitimate new forms of the state and citizenship and suggests that the narrative of progress is troubled by intersecting power relations of gender and class that open the way for divergent interpretations of the global division of labor.
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| 6. |
- Hasan, Badrul, et al.
(författare)
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Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum -Lactamases in Healthy Humans, Poultry, and Wild Birds in Leon, NicaraguaA Shared Pool of bla(CTX-M) Genes and Possible Interspecies Clonal Spread of Extended-Spectrum -Lactamases-Producing Escherichia coli
- 2016
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Ingår i: Microbial Drug Resistance. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1076-6294 .- 1931-8448. ; 22:8, s. 682-687
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a major concern in the healthcare of today, especially the increasing number of gram-negative bacteria producing -lactamases such as extended-spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs). However, little is known about the relationship of ESBL producers in humans and domestic and wild birds, especially in a low-income setting. Therefore, we studied the fecal carriage of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in healthy humans, poultry, and wild birds in the vicinity of Leon, Nicaragua. Three hundred fecal samples were collected during December 2012 from humans (n=100), poultry (n=100) and wild birds (n=100). The samples were examined for ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, revealing the prevalence of 27% in humans, 13% in poultry, and 8% in wild birds. Further characterization of the ESBL-producing isolates was performed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (NDM, CTX-M), epidemiological typing (ERIC2-PCR), multilocus sequence typing, and sequencing. ESBL producers harbored bla(CTX-M-2), bla(CTX-M-15), bla(CTX-M-22), and bla(CTX-M-3) genotypes. The bla(CTX-M-15) constituted the absolute majority of ESBL genes among all samples. ERIC-PCR demonstrated highly related E. coli clones among humans, poultry, and wild birds. Clinically relevant E. coli clone ST648 was found in humans and poultry. There is a shared pool of bla(CTX-M) genes between humans and domesticated and wild birds in Nicaragua, and the results suggest shared clones of ESBL-producing E. coli. The study adds to the notion that wild birds and poultry can pick up antibiotic-resistant bacteria of human origin and function as a melting pot of resistance. Structured surveillance programs of antimicrobial resistance and a more regulated prescription of antibiotics are warranted in Nicaragua.
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| 7. |
- Höckert, Emily, 1981-
(författare)
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Negotiating hospitality : ethics of tourism development in the Nicaraguan highlands
- 2018. - 1
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- How do hosts and guests welcome each other in responsible encounters? This book addresses the question in a longitudinal ethnographic study on tourism development in the coffee- cultivating communities in Nicaragua. The research follows the trail of development practitioners and researchers who travel with a desire to help, teach and study the local hosts. On a broader level, it is a journey exploring how the conditions of hospitality become negotiated between these actors. The theoretical approach bases itself on the ethical subjectivity as responsibility and receptivity towards ‘the other’. The ideas put forward in the book suggest that hospitality, responsibility and participation all require a readiness to interrupt one’s own ways of doing, knowing and being.This book provides a conceptual tool to facilitate reflection on alternative ways of doing togetherness and will be of interest to students and researchers of hospitality, tourism, development studies, cultural studies and anthropology.
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| 8. |
- Tornhill, Sofie, 1974-
(författare)
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Capital Visions : The Politics of Transnational Production in Nicaragua
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In processes of economic integration, neoliberal discourse and corresponding notions of development comprise some of the most readily available imaginaries of political and social interaction and change. However, these processes are always also locally produced and negotiated. Engaging with discourse theory, Marxism and postcolonial feminist theory, this dissertation brings together “macro” and “micro” aspects of globalization. The aim is to interrogate discursive reinforcements of and challenges to global orders of production and divisions of labor. With a focus on representations of Free Trade Zones (FTZs), which are tax-exempted enclaves for export production, the study explores competing meanings attributed to the operation of transnational capital in Nicaragua. Based on policy documents, political speeches, promotional videotapes and interviews, the political rhetoric of two governments with competing agendas is analyzed: the neoliberal/conservative government of the Liberal Constitutionalist Party (2002–2007), which framed the FTZs in terms of national progress, and the leftist government of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (2007– ), which attempts to reconnect to the country’s revolutionary past. In this way efforts to formulate legitimate political agendas in the context of shifting relations between states and markets are detailed, together with constructions of citizens and workers along differentiations of class and gender. Relying on interviews with FTZ workers, the study examines ways to interpret, inhabit or resist imperative subject positions at the intersections of contending projects of nation-building and transnational orders of production, in conjunction with a discussion of the uneasy distinction between representation and appropriation that troubles transnational feminist research projects.
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