| 3571. |
|
|
| 3572. |
- Zivna, Lucie, et al.
(författare)
-
Activation of B cell apoptotic pathways in the course of Francisella tularensis infection.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Microbial pathogenesis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-1208 .- 0882-4010. ; 49:5, s. 226-36
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Francisella tularensis is a facultative intracellular, gram-negative bacterium that induces apoptosis in macrophages and B cells. Here we show apoptotic pathways that are activated in the Ramos human B cell line in the course of F. tularensis infection. Live bacteria F. tularensis FSC200 activate caspases 8, 9 and 3, as well as Bid; release cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor from mitochondria; and induce depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential in the Ramos cell line, thus leading these cells to apoptosis. Unlike live bacteria, killed F. tularensis FSC200 bacteria activated only caspase 3, and did not cause apoptosis of Ramos cells as measured by annexin V. Killed bacteria also caused accumulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bclx(L) in mitochondrial membranes. Thus, live F. tularensis activates both caspase pathways (receptor-mediated and intrinsic) as well as caspase-independent mitochondrial death.
|
|
| 3573. |
|
|
| 3574. |
- Zou, Ding, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
A double-blind, crossover study of Doxazosin and Enalapril on peripheral vascular tone and nocturnal blood pressure in sleep apnea patients.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Sleep medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-5506 .- 1389-9457. ; 11:3, s. 325-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Pulse wave attenuation, which occurs in association with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is sympathetically mediated. We compared the effect of Doxazosin (DO, a peripheral alpha-receptor inhibitor) and Enalapril (EN, an ACE inhibitor) on digital vasoconstriction and nocturnal blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive OSA patients. METHODS: A double-blind, crossover study comparing equipotent dosages of DO (4 mg/day for 2 weeks with 8 mg/day for an additional 2 weeks) and EN (10mg/day and 20mg/day, respectively) was undertaken in 16 male OSA patients (age 55+/-7 years, body mass index 30.1+/-3.8 kg/m(2)) with hypertension. Assessments including ambulatory 24-h BP, full-night polysomnography with simultaneous peripheral arterial tone (PAT) and beat-to-beat finger BP monitoring (Finapres) were made at the end of each treatment period. Nighttime BP and digital vasoconstrictions associated with apneic events (measured as the ratio of PAT amplitudes during and after apneas) were analyzed. RESULTS: There were no differences between the two treatments in the 24-h BP profile and OSA severity. But the nighttime average beat-to-beat finger BP was significantly higher under DO treatment (systolic BP 129+/-13 vs. 119+/-23 mm Hg, P=0.02; diastolic BP 81+/-12 vs. 74+/-14 mm Hg, P=0.04, DO and EN respectively). In a linear mixed effects regression model, the PAT ratio during apnea increased 5.3% under DO compared with EN (P<0.0001). Each percentage decrease of apneic related oxygen desaturation was associated with 0.9% decrease in the PAT ratio (P<0.0001). REM sleep was associated with 2.2% decrease of PAT ratio compared to NREM sleep (P=0.002). CONCLUSION: Digital vasoconstrictions associated with apneic events are alpha-receptor mediated. DO compared to EN has a proportionally poor effect on nocturnal BP control in OSA patients, which may be due to the enhanced sympathetic nervous system activity characteristic of this condition.
|
|
| 3575. |
- Åberg, Jonas, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of an injectable premixed calcium phosphate cement : cell viability and immunological response from rat
- 2010
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials. - 1752-8941. ; 3:3, s. 203-221
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By using premixed calcium phosphate cement (CPC) the handling properties of the cement are drastically improved, which is a challenge for traditional injectable CPC. In this article, a premixed acidic CPC has been compared to a conventional water mixed brushite cement to evaluate whether the premixed concept affects the biological response. The cements were evaluated regarding the pH-variation in simulated body fluid (SBF). Further, the biocompatibility of the cement with human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was studied in vitro and eventual inflammation properties studied in vivo, after subcutaneous material injections in rats. A larger pH decrease was seen for the conventional cement than the premixed cement in SBF. For both materials, > 90% of the MSC remained alive in vitro. No systemic or macroscopic inflammation was detected, only a mild microscopic inflammation was detected around both materials. In addition to the handling benefit of premixed cements compared to conventional water mixed CPC, the premixed CPC in the present study demonstrated high and in comparison to conventional CPC comparable biocompability, both in vitro and in vivo.
|
|
| 3576. |
- Åberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
-
Premixed acidic calcium phosphate cement: Characterization of strength and microstructure.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of biomaterials research. Part B. Applied biomaterials. - : Wiley. - 1552-4981. ; 93B:2, s. 436-441
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By using a premixed calcium phosphate cement (CPC), the handling properties of the cement are drastically improved, which is a challenge for traditional injectable CPCs. Previously premixed cements have been based on apatitic cements. In this article, acidic cement has been developed and evaluated. Monocalcium phosphate monohydrate and beta-tricalcium phosphate were mixed with glycerol to form a paste. As the paste does not contain water, no setting reaction starts and thus the working time is indefinite. Powder/liquid ratios (P/L) of 2.25, 3.5 and 4.75 were evaluated. Setting time (ST) and compressive strength (CS) were measured after 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution, and the corresponding microstructure was evaluated using electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The ST started when the cements were placed in PBS and ranged from 28 to 75 min, higher P/L gave a lower ST. Higher P/L also gave a higher CS, which ranged from 2 to 16 MPa. The microstructure mainly consisted of monetite, 1-5 mum in grain size. After 4 weeks in PBS, the strength increased. As acidic cements are resorbed faster in vivo, this cement should allow faster bone regeneration than apatitic cements. Premixed cements show a great handling benefit when compared with normal CPCs and can be formulated with similar ST and mechanical properties. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2010.
|
|
| 3577. |
- Åberg, N David, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
Peripheral growth hormone induces cell proliferation in the intact adult rat brain
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Growth Hormone & IGF Reseach. - 1096-6374. ; 20:3, s. 264-269
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) increase cell genesis in several regions of the brains of GH-IGF-I-deficient hypophysectomized rats. However, it is not known to what degree GH treatment stimulates adult cell genesis in pituitary-intact rodents. We investigated the effect of periph- eral administration of bovine growth hormone (bGH) on cellular proliferation in various regions of the brains of normal adult female rats. To monitor cell division, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was administered daily for 5 days.We studied the two areas of ongoing neurogenesis, the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, as well as the corpus callosum, striatum, and the parietal and piriform cortices. After bGH treatment, the numbers of BrdU-positive cells increased 2.0- to 2.5-fold in all the brain regions, with the exception of the SVZ, in which there was no increase in the numbers of BrdU-positive cells. The present study shows for the first time that peripheral bGH administration increases the generation of new brain cells in normal adult female rats. Thus, bGH may stimulate cellular proliferation not only under GH-deficiency, but also under physiologic conditions. These findings have important implications for GH treatment strategies for patients who have normal or near-normal circu- lating levels of GH or IGF-I.
|
|
| 3578. |
|
|
| 3579. |
|
|
| 3580. |
|
|
