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| 2. |
- Larsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Ecology, evolution, and management strategies of northern pike populations in the Baltic Sea
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 44:Supplement 3, s. S451-S461
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Baltic Sea populations of the northern pike (Esox lucius) have declined since the 1990s, and they face additional challenges due to ongoing climate change. Pike in the Baltic Sea spawn either in coastal bays or in freshwater streams and wetlands. Pike recruited in freshwater have been found to make up about 50 % of coastal pike stocks and to show natal homing, thus limiting gene flow among closely located spawning sites. Due to natal homing, sub-populations appear to be locally adapted to their freshwater recruitment environments. Management actions should therefore not involve mixing of individuals originating from different sub-populations. We offer two suggestions complying with this advice: (i) productivity of extant freshwater spawning populations can be boosted by modifying wetlands such that they promote spawning and recruitment; and (ii) new sub-populations that spawn in brackish water can potentially be created by transferring fry and imprinting them on seemingly suitable spawning environments.
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| 3. |
- Backlander, Gisela, et al.
(författare)
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Development and Validation of a Multi-Dimensional Measure of Activity-Based Working Behaviors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most work on activity-based working centers on the physical environment and digital technologies enabling flexible working. While important, we believe the key components for implementing activity-based working are employee and manager behaviors. To measure the degree of enactment of activity-based work, based on workshops with experienced practitioners as well as previous literature, we have developed and validated a behavior-focused measure of activity-based working behaviors. In our initial sample (Sample 1, N = 234), three subscales were identified: task - environment crafting, workday planning, and social needs prioritization. In the replication sample (Sample 2, N = 434), this model also showed adequate fit. Moreover, task - environment crafting was related to general health and lower stress in sample 1 (multi-organization sample), but not in the single-organization sample (sample 2). Workday planning was associated with higher concentration in both samples and in the second sample with general health and work engagement; the latter was also related to social needs prioritization.
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| 4. |
- Lundwall, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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A novel gene family encoding proteins with highly differing structure because of a rapidly evolving exon
- 1995
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Ingår i: FEBS Letters. - 1873-3468. ; 374:1, s. 6-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite vast differences in primary structure, it is here shown that several predominant semen proteins are encoded by genes that belongs to a common family. Members have their transcription unit split into three exons: the first encoding the signal peptide, the second the secreted protein, while the third exon solely consists of 3' non-translated nucleotides. The first and the third exon are conserved between members, but the second exon is not. The genes for human semenogelins I and II, rat SVSII, SVSIV, SVSV and guinea pig GP1 and GP2 belong to this gene family.
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| 5. |
- Karlsson, Therese
(författare)
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Radiotherapy and voice rehabilitation in laryngeal cancer: Effects on quality of life and voice function
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of the thesis was to describe the effects of radiotherapy following laryngeal cancer on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and voice function as well as to assess the efficiency of voice rehabilitation. Patients treated by radiotherapy for laryngeal cancer were included in the study and randomised into two groups, one intervention group receiving voice rehabilitation and one control group. Patients were assessed prospectively pre-radiotherapy and one, six and 12 months post-radiotherapy completion. Voice rehabilitation took place between one and six months post-radiotherapy. Endpoints included patient-reported outcomes, such as HRQL measured by European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires (EORTC QLQ) as well as communication function according to Swedish Self-Evaluation of Communication Experiences after Laryngeal cancer (S-SECEL). Perceptual, acoustic and temporal analyses of voice recordings were also performed. Additionally, a vocally healthy control group was included for comparison. Results demonstrated that although HRQL deteriorated for both glottic and supraglottic tumours one month post-radiotherapy, the latter group reported the largest deteriorations. In terms of voice quality, acoustic measures revealed that glottic tumours deviated significantly from vocally healthy controls pre-radiotherapy with some parameters improving post-radiotherapy. Supraglottic tumours however, demonstrated no difference compared to the vocally healthy control group at either time-point. Twelve months post-radiotherapy, laryngeal cancer patients demonstrated no significant difference when compared to pre-treatment in terms of HRQL, communication dysfunction or voice quality, albeit still had abnormal values. HRQL declined immediately post-radiotherapy and recovered to pre-treatment values at six months post-radiotherapy. All patients presented with perceptually perceived dysphonia, with only the variable “roughness” changing significantly during the study period. Roughness improved post-radiotherapy but deteriorated again between six and 12 months post-radiotherapy. The intervention group receiving voice rehabilitation demonstrated more improvements in HRQL and communication function domains compared to the control group, which remained static during the study period. The improvements were maintained up to six months post-voice rehabilitation (12 months post-radiotherapy). Voice rehabilitation also appeared to prevent the perceptual deterioration observed in the control group between six and 12 months. Lastly, the likelihood of experiencing a clinically significant communication improvement at 12 months post-radiotherapy was positively influenced by undergoing voice rehabilitation and negatively influenced by smoking continuation. This thesis concludes that the majority of laryngeal cancer patients have impaired voice quality, communicative function and HRQL prior to radiotherapy with no significant improvements seen 12 months post-radiotherapy. Voice rehabilitation has positive effects on HRQL and communication function as well as seems to hinder a perceived deterioration of the voice quality roughness. These beneficial effects are maintained up to six months following voice rehabilitation completion. Voice rehabilitation could be offered to patients who experience voice and communication problems as well as to risk patients identified by speech-language pathologists.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Ljusk Ola, et al.
(författare)
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A Tool for Long-Term Forest Stand Projections of Swedish Forests
- 2022
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Ingår i: Forests. - : MDPI. - 1999-4907 .- 1999-4907. ; 13:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The analysis of forest management strategies at landscape and regional levels forms a vital part of finding viable directions that will satisfy the many services expected of forests. This article describes the structure and content of a stand simulator, GAYA, which has been adapted to Swedish conditions. The main advantage of the GAYA implementation compared to other resources is that it generates a large number of management programmes within a limited time frame. This is valuable in cases where the management programmes appear as activities in linear programming (LP) problems. Two methods that are engaged in the projections, a climate change response function and a soil carbon model, are designed to complement other methods, offering transparency and computational effectiveness. GAYA is benchmarked against projections from the Heureka system for a large set of National Forest Inventory (NFI) plots. The long-term increment for the entire NFI set is smaller for GAYA compared with Heureka, which can be attributed to different approaches for modelling the establishment of new forests. The carbon pool belonging to living trees shows the same trend when correlated to standing volume. The soil carbon pool of GAYA increases with increased standing volume, while Heureka maintains the same amount over the 100-year projection period.
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| 9. |
- Larsson, Per-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Ytvatten i kalkade avrinningsområden. Årsrapport 1996. Effektuppföljning av Skogsstyrelsens program för kalkning och vitaliseringsgödsling av skogsmark
- 1997
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna årsrapport omfattar en beskrivning av försöksuppläggning och metoder, samt redovisning av resultat från undersökningar av ytvatten i 16 kalkade avrinningsområden med skog och hygge. Redovisningen omfattar perioden hösten 1990 fram till hösten 1996. Kalkningarna utfördes under 1990 och 1991, inom ramen för Skogsstyrelsens program för kalkning och vitaliseringsgödsling av skogsmark. Resultaten beskriver de kortsiktiga effekterna på avrinningsvatten (4 till 5 år efter behandling) av skogsmarkskalkningarna. I rapporten redovisas även arealförluster och volymvägda medelhalter av ett stort antal ämnen från samtliga avrinningsområden. Kalkningarna av avrinningsområdena med 3 ton kalk per ha medförde att halten i avrinningsvattnet av kalcium ökade påtagligt. Variationen mellan de olika försöksområdena var relativt stor, och arealförlusterna ökade mellan 7 och 60% i tre typområden. Även kalkning av hygge gav ökad arealförlust av kalcium. Trots den ökade utlakningen av kalcium efter kalkning var det en mycket liten del av givan som utlakades årligen. Det innebär att huvuddelen av tillförd kalk kommer att stanna i marksystemet under många decennier, med nuvarande utlakningstakt. Effekterna på halter och arealförluster av magnesium var relativt små. Ökningen av kalciumhalterna, och i vissa fall magnesiumhalterna, minskar risken för skadliga effekter av löst aluminium i vattenmiljön, i synnerhet om den dessutom kombineras med en minskning av aluminiumhalterna. Aciditet i form av vätejoner och lösta aluminiumföreningar minskade kraftigt i de flesta försöken och var relativt konstant och oberoende av årstid och vattenföring. I de tre typområdena minskade aciditet med 25 till 50%. Resultaten från undersökningarna visar att risken för försurningsskador i vattendragen nedströms kalkningsområdena har minskat påtagligt, eftersom både halterna av baskatjoner ökat och aciditeten minskat. I undersökningen finns inget exempel på att varken halten vätejoner eller aluminium i avrinningen ökat efter kalkning. Kalkningarna hade en liten effekt på halter och arealförluster av såväl oorganiskt som organiskt kväve. I områden med mycket låga arealförluster av oorganiskt kväve noterades flera exempel på att de redan låga förlusterna minskade ytterligare. I områden med förhöjda arealförluster, även hygge, påverkade inte kalkningarna kvävets utlakning eller förekomstformer.
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| 10. |
- Wihlborg, Jonas
(författare)
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Skapa nationell ambulanssjukvård
- 2013
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Ingår i: Vårdfokus - Tidning för Vårdförbundet. - 2000-5717.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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