| 21. |
- Denvall, Verner, 1951-
(författare)
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Utvärderingsforskning – en översikt
- 2007
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Ingår i: Socionomens forskningssupplement. - 0283-1929. ; :21, s. 29-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 22. |
- Einvall, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of reforming catalyst deactivation by exposure to fly ash from biomass gasification in laboratory scale
- 2007
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Ingår i: Energy & Fuels. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0887-0624 .- 1520-5029. ; 21:5, s. 2481-2488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Production of synthesis gas by catalytic reforming of product gas from biomass gasification can lead to catalyst deactivation by the exposure to ash compounds present in the flue gas. The impact of fly ash from biomass gasification on reforming catalysts was studied at the laboratory scale. The investigated catalyst was Pt/Rh based, and it was exposed to generated K2SO4 aerosol particles and to aerosol particles produced from the water-soluble part of biomass fly ash, originating from a commercial biomass combustion plant. The noble metal catalyst was also compared with a commercial Ni-based catalyst, exposed to aerosol particles of the same fashion. To investigate the deactivation by aerosol particles, a flow containing submicrometer-size selected aerosol particles was led through the catalyst bed. The particle size of the poison was measured prior to the catalytic reactor system. Fresh and aerosol particle exposed catalysts were characterized using BET surface area, XRPD (X-ray powder diffraction), and H2 chemisorption. The Pt/Rh catalyst was also investigated for activity in the steam methane reforming reaction. It was found that the method to deposit generated aerosol particles on reforming catalysts could be a useful procedure to investigate the impact of different compounds possibly present in the product gas from the gasifier, acting as potential catalyst poisons. The catalytic deactivation procedure by exposure to aerosol particles is somehow similar to what happens in a real plant, when a catalyst bed is located subsequent to a biomass gasifier or a combustion boiler. Using different environments (oxidizing, reducing, steam present, etc.) in the aerosol generation adds further flexibility to the suggested aerosol deactivation method. It is essential to investigate the deactivating effect at the laboratory scale before a full-scale plant is taken into operation to avoid operational problems.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Engström, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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On two numerical methods for homogenization of Maxwell's equations
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0920-5071 .- 1569-3937. ; 21:13, s. 1845-1856
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When the wavelength is much larger than the typical scale of the microstructure in a material, it is possible to define effective or homogenized material coefficients. The classical way of determination of the homogenized coefficients consists of solving an elliptic problem in a unit cell. This method and the Floquet-Bloch method, where an eigenvalue problem is solved, are numerically compared with respect to accuracy and contrast sensitivity. Moreover, we provide numerical bounds on the effective permittivity. The Floquet-Bloch method is shown to be a good alternative to the classical homogenization method, when the contrast is modest.
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| 25. |
- Engström, Christian
(författare)
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Structural information of nanocomposites from measured optical properties
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 19:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is concerned with the estimation of the volume fraction and the anisotropy of a two-component composite from measured bulk properties. An algorithm that takes into account that measurements have errors is developed. This algorithm is used to study data from experimental measurements for a nanocomposite with an unknown nanostructure. The dependence on the nanostructure is quantified in terms of a measure in the representation formula introduced by D Bergman. We use composites with known nanostructures to illustrate the dependence on the underlying measure and show how errors in the measurements affect the estimates of the structural parameters.
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| 26. |
- Eriksson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Fluorescence Fe II lines as traces of fast outflows of white dwarf winds
- 2007
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Ingår i: Baltic Astronomy. - 1392-0049. ; 16:01, s. 95-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A set of equations are put into a code forming a procedure to derive intensities of fluorescence lilies based on both physical properties of the fluorescent plasma and its location relative to the origin of the pumping emission. In a first test, the code is applied to symbiotic stars, and effort is made to explain the circumstances under which the two known Fell channels pumped by C IV are activated. For the channel at 1548.204 angstrom, which is most frequently observed to be active, there is a good agreement between the results of the calculations and the observed Fell line strengths. Fluorescence lines resulting from pumping through the other channel at 1548.411 angstrom can occur, according to the results of the calculations, only in the systems where a fast outflow from the white dwarf wind is present. The evidences of the white dwarf winds are found in the literature for all the symbiotic systems in which observation of the Fell fluorescence lines from the w(2)D(3/2) level is reported.
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| 27. |
- Fagerström, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Feeling hindered by health problems and functional capacity at 60 years and above
- 2007
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Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 44:2, s. 181-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is common to use activities of daily living (ADL) rating scales to identify the impact of health problems such as diseases, impaired eyesight or hearing on daily life. However, for various reasons people with health problems might feel hindered in daily life before limitations in ability to perform ADL have occurred. In addition, there is sparse knowledge of what makes people feel hindered by health problems in relation to their ADL capacity. The aim was to investigate feeling hindered by health problems among 1297 people aged 60–89 living at home in relation to ADL capacity, health problems, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and social and financial resources, using a self-reported questionnaire, including questions from OARS (Older Americans’ Resources and Services schedule), Rosenberg’s self-esteem and Life Satisfaction Index Z. People feeling greatly hindered by health problems rarely had anyone who could help when they needed support, had lower life satisfaction and self-esteem than those not feeling hindered. Feeling hindered by health problems appeared to take on a different meaning depending on ADL capacity, knowledge that seems essential to include when accomplishing health promotion and rehabilitation interventions, especially at the early stages of reduced ADL capacity.
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| 28. |
- Fagerström, Cecilia
(författare)
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LIFE SATISFACTION AND FEELING HINDERED BY HEALTH PROBLEMS AT 60 YEARS AND ABOVE
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis was to investigate how older people's capacity to perform activities of daily living (ADL), health, social and financial resources, and self-esteem can be related to their life satisfaction. The aim was also to investigate how people feel hindered by health problems in relation to their ADL capacity, health problems, social and financial resources, self-esteem, sense of coherence, and life satisfaction. The thesis focused on people 60?96 years of age in six European countries, living at home. The data were collected in two cross-sectional studies, using standardised self-reported questionnaires and a medical examination. The first study (papers I, II and III) included people in six European countries (Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Austria, and Italy) who participated in the European Study of Adult Well-being (ESAW) in 2001 to 2002. Paper I included people (n = 7699) aged 60?89 in all six countries, Paper II included people with reduced ADL capacity (n = 2195), and Paper III included people living in Sweden (n = 1297) with at least one health problem. In the ESAW, questions from the Older Americans Resources and Services schedule, (OARS), the Life Satisfaction Index Z (LSIZ) and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale were used. The other study (Paper IV) included people (n = 958) aged 60?96 years of age who participated in a baseline survey in one of the four centres (Blekinge) of the longitudinal multi-centre cohort study named The Swedish National study on Aging and Care (SNAC) in 2001. Established questions and instruments were used to collect the data, and quantitative descriptive statistics, comparative statistics and multiple regressions were used when analysing the data. In all ESAW country samples, factors such as feeling hindered by health problems, low social and financial resources, and low self-esteem played a crucial role in creating conditions for low life satisfaction. It is also possible to identify both common and country-specific factors influential for life satisfaction in the six European countries. The analysis furthermore revealed that personal as well as environmental factors were important, though personal factors were more important for life satisfaction than environmental factors among people with impaired ADL capacity. Among those with impaired ADL capacity in the six national samples, people afflicted by poor overall health and people who were feeling worried and had low self-esteem suffered an increased risk of low life satisfaction in all countries. At the same time, social and financial resources had an impact on life satisfaction in four countries. Results suggest that self-esteem and perceived health are of universal importance for life satisfaction irrespective of ADL capacity, and these phenomena are thus essential to target in health care interventions. Furthermore, feeling hindered by health problems in daily living, rather than the impairment in ADL capacity, appears to increase the risk for low life satisfaction. In addition to this, people felt hindered by their problems although they had excellent ADL capacity. Several factors contributed to people feeling hindered, and the importance of these factors differed according to the level of the ADL capacity of the individual. The results suggest that people seemingly re-evaluate the importance of their resources when health declines, making certain activities in daily life more important than others.
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| 29. |
- Fava, Cristiano, et al.
(författare)
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Novel mutations in the SLC12A3 gene causing Gitelman's syndrome in Swedes
- 2007
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Ingår i: DNA Sequence. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1029-2365 .- 1042-5179. ; 18:5, s. 395-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Gitelman's syndrome (GS) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder due to loss of function mutations in the SLC12A3 gene encoding the Na-Cl co-transporter (NCCT), the target of thiazide diuretics. The defective function of the NCCT, which normally is expressed in the apical membrane of the distal convolute tubule in the kidney, leads to mild hypotension, hypokalemia, hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism, mild metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. Up to now, more than 100 mutations of the SLC12A3 gene have been described in GS patients. METHODS: We have collected 30 patients from Sweden with a clinical diagnosis of GS and undertaken a mutation screening by SSCP and successive sequencing of the 26 exons and intronic boundaries. Both mutations were identified in most (n = 28, 93%) and at least one mutation was identified in all patients. RESULTS: We found 22 different mutations evenly distributed throughout the gene, 11 of which have not been described previously. The new variants include 8 missense mutations (Glu68Lys, His69Asn, Argl45His, Vall53Met, Gly230Asp, Gly342Ala, Val677Leu and Gly867Ser), 1 insertion (c.834_835insG on exon 6) and 2 splice-site mutations (c.2667 + lT>G substitution in splicing donor site after exon 22, c.1569-1G>A substitution in the splicing acceptor site before exon 13). CONCLUSION: In Swedish patients with the clinical features of GS, disease-causing mutations in the SLC12A3 gene were identified in most patients. The spectrum of GS mutations is wide making full mutation screening of the SLC12A3 gene necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
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| 30. |
- Fhager, Andreas, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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A statistical approach to gradient scaling microwave tomography
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of EMB 07, computational electromagnetis, methods and applications, Lund, Sweden. ; , s. 153-160, s. 153-160, s. 153-160
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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