| 31. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
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Nonlinear relationship of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-I/IGF-binding protein-3 ratio with indices of adiposity and plasma insulin concentrations (Sweden).
- 2002
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Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 13:6, s. 509-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: In this study we test the hypothesis of a nonlinear relationship of IGF-I with indices of body fat such as body mass index (BMI), insulin, and leptin.METHODS: The controls used in three case-control cancer studies nested in the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort, were combined for this analysis. Measurements of plasma IGF-I, IGFBP-3, insulin, and leptin were available for 445 men and 391 women.RESULTS: In both men and women we found the highest mean IGF-I levels in subjects with BMI between 24 and 26. IGF-I concentrations decreased toward BMI < or = 20 and BMI > 30 in men; however, the results for women did not reach statistical significance. The molar ratio of IGF-I/IGFBP-3 showed a similar profile to that of IGF-I, although much less pronounced. The observed peak mean IGF-I levels in the second quintiles of insulin and leptin in men supported these findings. No significant variation of mean IGF-I levels across quintiles of insulin and leptin were observed in women.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provide evidence that IGF-I plasma concentrations vary substantially over a wide range of body weight and that the relationship is nonlinear.
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| 32. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
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Prediagnostic levels of C-peptide, IGF-I, IGFBP -1, -2 and -3 and risk of endometrial cancer.
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 108:2, s. 262-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conditions related to chronic hyperinsulinemia, such as obesity, noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome, are associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer. Elevated plasma IGF-I and decreased levels of IGF-binding proteins have been shown to be associated with increased risk of several cancer types that are frequent in affluent societies. We investigated for the first time in a prospective study the association of pre-diagnostic blood concentrations of C-peptide (a marker of pancreatic insulin production), IGF-I, IGFBP-1, -2 and -3 with endometrial cancer risk. A case-control study was nested within 3 cohorts in New York (USA), Umeå (Sweden) and Milan (Italy). It included 166 women with primary invasive endometrial cancer and 315 matched controls, of which 44 case and 78 control subjects were premenopausal at recruitment. Endometrial cancer risk increased with increasing levels of C-peptide (ptrend = 0.0002), up to an odds ratio (OR) of 4.76 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.91-11.8] for the highest quintile. This association remained after adjustment for BMI and other confounders [OR for the top quintile = 4.40 (1.65-11.7)]. IGFBP-1 levels were inversely related to endometrial cancer [ptrend = 0.002; OR in the upper quintile = 0.30 (0.15-0.62)], but the association was weakened and lost statistical significance after adjustment for confounders [ptrend = 0.06; OR in the upper quintile = 0.49 (0.22-1.07)]. Risk was unrelated to levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3. Chronic hyperinsulinemia, as reflected by increased circulating C-peptide, is associated with increased endometrial cancer risk. Decrease in the prevalence of chronic hyperinsulinemia, through changes in lifestyle or medication, is expected to prevent endometrial cancer.
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| 33. |
- Lukanova, Annekatrin, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of ovarian cancer in relation to prediagnostic levels of C-peptide, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins-1 and -2 (USA, Sweden, Italy).
- 2003
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Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 14:3, s. 285-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of prediagnostic circulating levels of C-peptide, as a marker of pancreatic insulin secretion, and IGF binding proteins -1 and -2, as indicators of the biologically active IGF-I concentration, with risk of developing ovarian cancer. METHODS: The study was nested within three prospective cohorts in New York (USA), Umeå (Sweden) and Milan (Italy). Case subjects were 132 women with primary invasive epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed at least one year after blood donation. For each case, two control subjects were selected, matching the case subject on cohort, menopausal status, age and date of recruitment (n = 263). Only women who did not use exogenous hormones at blood donation were included in the study. RESULTS: Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals for risk of developing ovarian cancer over quartiles of peptides concentrations after adjustment for BMI and fasting were: 1.00, 0.66 (0.35-1.23), 0.96 (0.51-1.82) and 0.89 (0.44-1.81) for C-peptide; 1.00, 1.10 (0.58-2.09), 1.07 (0.55-2.04) and 0.79 (0.38-1.62) for IGFBP-1; and 1.00, 1.01 (0.54-1.89), 0.98 (0.51-1.88) and 0.87 (0.45-1.68) for IGFBP-2. In women who had ovarian cancer diagnosis before age 55 the ORs for the top tertiles of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 were 0.51 (0.18-1.49) and 0.53 (0.18-1.54), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support an independent direct etiological role of C-peptide in ovarian cancer pathogenesis, but suggests a possible protective effect of circulating IGFBP-1 and -2 in women who develop ovarian cancer before age 55.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Palmqvist, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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Prediagnostic levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and CA 242 in colorectal cancer : a matched case-control study.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. - 0012-3706 .- 1530-0358. ; 46:11, s. 1538-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Carcinoembryonic antigen is the classical tumor marker for colorectal cancer. The main clinical utility is in monitoring patients with colorectal cancer. Like carcinoembryonic antigen, the plasma level of CA 242 is elevated in patients with colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and/or CA 242 were elevated before clinical diagnosis of colorectal cancer.METHODS: The Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort was linked to the Swedish National and Regional Cancer registries, and 124 prospective cases with colorectal cancer were identified. Two referents for each case were randomly selected and matched for gender, age, date of sampling, and fasting time. Plasma from the included patients was analyzed for carcinoembryonic antigen and CA 242 using specific immunoassays.RESULTS: An elevated level of carcinoembryonic antigen before diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of developing manifest colorectal cancer (adjusted odds ratio, 7.9; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.1-29.1; P = 0.002). An elevated level of CA 242 was not significantly related to colorectal cancer risk. Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels were only seen in samples collected in the two-year time interval immediately before diagnosis. In this group, 30.4 percent of all plasma samples from cases were carcinoembryonic antigen-positive and 71.4 percent were future Dukes A or B cases. The specificity of the carcinoembryonic antigen test for identifying future colorectal cancer patients was 0.99 with a sensitivity of 0.12. For CA 242 the specificity was 0.92 and the sensitivity was 0.1.CONCLUSIONS: Elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels strongly indicate occult colorectal cancer. Although the specificity of the carcinoembryonic antigen test in its present form is high, the sensitivity is disappointingly low, prohibiting the use of the carcinoembryonic antigen test for mass screening.
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| 36. |
- Rantapää-Dahlqvist, Solbritt, et al.
(författare)
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Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide and IgA rheumatoid factor predict the development of rheumatoid arthritis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 48:10, s. 2741-2749
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methods: A case–control study was nested within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study and the Maternity cohorts of Northern Sweden. Patients with RA were identified among blood donors whose samples had been taken years before the onset of symptoms. Control subjects matched for age, sex, date of sampling, and residential area were selected randomly from the same cohorts. Anti‐CCP antibody and RFs were determined using enzyme immunoassays.Results: Eighty‐three individuals with RA were identified as having donated blood before presenting with any symptoms of joint disease (median 2.5 years [interquartile range 1.1–4.7] before RA). In samples obtained before the onset of RA, the prevalence of autoantibodies was 33.7% for anti‐CCP, 16.9% for IgG‐RF, 19.3% for IgM‐RF, and 33.7% for IgA‐RF (all highly significant compared with controls). The sensitivities for detecting these autoantibodies >1.5 years and ≤1.5 years before the appearance of any RA symptoms were 25% and 52% for anti‐CCP, 15% and 30% for IgM‐RF, 12% and 27% for IgG‐RF, and 29% and 39% for IgA‐RF. In conditional logistic regression models, anti‐CCP antibody and IgA‐RF were found to be significant predictors of RA.Conclusion: Anti‐CCP antibody and RFs of all isotypes predated the onset of RA by several years. The presence of anti‐CCP and IgA‐RF predicted the development of RA, with anti‐CCP antibody having the highest predictive value. This indicates that citrullination and the production of anti‐CCP and RF autoantibodies are early processes in RA.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Stattin, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma leptin and breast cancer risk: a prospective study in northern Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Breast Cancer Res Treat. - 0167-6806. ; 86:3, s. 191-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic burnout refers to a syndrome caused by chronic stress. Clinical observations indicate that chronic burnout is associated with impaired cognitive functioning. However, there have been no systematic studies of the cognitive performance in chronic burnout patients. We have evaluated general cognitive ability, memory, and attention in 67 female patients treated for chronic burnout. The patients and 15 healthy control subjects were tested with standardized tests of verbal and nonverbal cognitive ability (WAIS), verbal (Claeson-Dahl) and nonverbal (Rey complex figures) memory, and visual and auditory attention (IVA). Significant reductions in nonverbal memory and auditory and visual attention were found for the patient group. These results indicate that patients with chronic burnout have specific cognitive impairments, which should be emphasized in the evaluation of symptoms and treatment regimes in this disorder.
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| 39. |
- Stattin, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma leptin and colorectal cancer risk : a prospective study in Northern Sweden.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Oncology Reports. - 1021-335X .- 1791-2431. ; 10:6, s. 2015-2021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Circulating levels of leptin are high in obesity and strongly correlated to levels of insulin. Leptin stimulates growth of colon cancer cells. In a nested case-control study, we measured leptin levels in prediagnostic plasma from 75 men and 93 women who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer mean time 3.4 years (SD 2.4) after recruitment and among 327 control subjects. Logistic regression analyses showed increases in colorectal cancer risk in men with increasing levels of leptin, odds ratios (OR) were 1.00 (ref), 0.85 (95% C.I.=0.33-2.23), 1.04 (0.43-2.53), and 2.15 (0.89-5.22), (pfor trend=0.08). There was a distinct threshold between the third and fourth quartile of leptin, and the odds ratio for top quartile vs. three bottom quartiles was 2.28 (1.09-4.76). Adjustment for body mass index and insulin did not affect risk estimates. In separate analysis, odds ratio for top vs. bottom tertile of colon cancer was 1.96 (95% C.I.=0.72-5.29), whereas no increase was seen for rectal cancer. In women, no association between leptin and risk was seen. These data support the hypothesis that leptin is a risk marker for colorectal cancer in men, but not in women.
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| 40. |
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