| 6321. |
- Svenmarker, Staffan, 1951-
(författare)
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Heparin coating and cardiotomy suction in cardiopulmonary bypass
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present thesis addresses various means of reducing inflammatory responses associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and retransfusion of pericardial suction blood (PSB) during cardiac surgery. Four (I-IV) prospective randomised controlled clinical trials comprising 475 patients were performed in the following areas: effects of heparin coating on measures of clinical outcome and memory function (I, II), inflammatory reactions in PSB and its systemic effects after retransfusion using cardiotomy suction or cell salvage (III) and effects of retransfusion of PSB on memory function and release patterns of protein S100B (IV). The use of heparin coated CPB-circuits was associated with a decrease of postoperative blood loss (I, II), transfusion requirements (II), shorter stay in hospital (I) decreased postoperative ventilator time (I), lower incidences of atrial fibrillation (II) and neurological deviations (I), reduction in releases of protein S100B (I, II) and lower postoperative creatinine elevation (I, II). PSB contained high concentrations of cytokines, complements, myeloperoxidase, free plasma haemoglobin and protein S100B (III, IV). Retransfusion using cardiotomy suction increased the systemic concentrations of free plasma haemoglobin and protein S100B, whereas retransfusion using cell salvage caused no detectable systemic effects (III, IV). CPB was associated with a small but significant release of protein S100B, despite elimination of PSB-contained protein S100B using cell salvage (IV). Subtle signs of impaired memory function were identified that were not associated with the use of heparin coated CPB-circuits (I, II) or retransfusion of PSB (IV). Key words: cardiopulmonary bypass, oxygenators, heparin, S100 proteins, blood loss, haemostasis, memory, outcome and process assessment.
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| 6322. |
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| 6323. |
- Svenmarker, S., et al.
(författare)
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Neurological and general outcome in low-risk coronary artery bypass patients using heparin coated circuits
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 1010-7940 .- 1873-734X. ; 19:1, s. 47-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The clinical significance of heparin coating in cardiopulmonary bypass has previously been investigated. However, few studies have addressed the possible influence on brain function and memory disturbances. Methods: Three hundred low-risk patients exposed to coronary bypass surgery were randomised into three groups according to type of heparin coating: Carmeda Bioactive Surface, Baxter Duraflo II and a control group. Outcome was determined from a number of clinically oriented parameters, including a detailed registry of postoperative deviations from the normal postoperative course. Brain damage was assessed through S100 release and memory tests, including a questionnaire follow-up. Results: Clinical outcome was similar for all groups. Blood loss (Duraflo only), transfusion requirements and postoperative creatinine elevation were reduced in the heparin-coated groups. A lower incidence of atrial fibrillation was noted in the Duraflo group. Heparin coating did not uniformly attenuate the release of S100 or the degree of memory impairment. Conclusions: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with heparin coating and a reduced dose of heparin seems to be safe. Clinical outcome and neurological injury seem not to be associated with type of heparin coating used for CPB. However, blood loss and transfusion requirements may be reduced.
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| 6324. |
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| 6325. |
- Svenmarker, S., et al.
(författare)
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Use of heparin-bonded circuits in cardiopulmonary bypass improves clinical outcome
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scand Cardiovasc J. ; 36:4, s. 241-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The use of heparin-coated surfaces in cardiopulmonary bypass has been shown to decrease the inflammatory response imposed by the contact between blood and artificial surfaces. One would expect this reaction to improve clinical outcome. However, this has been difficult to verify. This investigation is based on an aggregation of two randomized studies from our institution and highlights possible effects of heparin coating on a number of clinically oriented parameters. DESIGN: Departmental analysis of patients subjected to coronary artery bypass surgery using heparin-coated circuits. Cardiopulmonary bypass was employed using either the Carmeda or Duraflo heparin coatings compared with a control. The systemic heparin dose was reduced in the heparin-coated groups (ACT > 250 s) vs control group patients (ACT > 480 s). The effects of heparin coating related to clinical outcome were studied. RESULTS: The use of heparin-coated circuits reduced the mean length of stay in hospital from 7.8 +/- 2.5 to 7.3 +/- 1.8 days (p = 0.040) and postoperative ventilation time from 9.7 +/- 9.2 to 8.2 +/- 8.5 h (p = 0.018), blood loss 8 h post surgery from 676 +/- 385 to 540 +/- 245 ml (p = 0.001), individual perioperative change of haemoglobin loss (p = 0.001), leukocyte count (p = 0.000) and creatinine elevation (p = 0.000), proportion of patients exposed to allogenous blood transfusions 39.2 vs 23.9% (p = 0.001), postoperative coagulation disturbances 4.4 vs 0.4% (p = 0.006), postoperative deviations from the normal postoperative course 47.2 vs 36.7% (p = 0.035), neurological deviations 9.4 vs 3.9% (p = 0.021) and atrial fibrillation 26.4 vs 18.0% (p = 0.041). No effects were found with respect to perioperative platelet count, postoperative fever reaction and 5-year survival. CONCLUSION: Based on several indicators, the use of heparin coating in cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with improved clinical results.
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| 6326. |
- Svens, Christina
(författare)
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Genusgestaltning
- 2000
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Ingår i: Hjärnstorm. - 0348-6958. ; :70, s. 11-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 6327. |
- Svens, Christina, 1964-
(författare)
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Regi med feministiska förtecken : Suzanne Osten på teatern
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present dissertation applies a gender perspective to the practice and methods of Swedish director Suzanne Osten. Its purpose is to study how Osten strives to set gender specific patterns and conventions in motion within the theatre. In doing so, particular questions are posed about female identity and subjection as they are treated by the director. Taking the actor as the focal point of the directors interest, it delves further into the development of Osten's work in concentrating on the role interpretation of female actors by closely analyzing three of her productions.Chapter One defines feminist-oriented theatre research along the lines suggested by the gestic critique of Elin Diamond. Furthermore, mimetic identity is discussed with reference to the phenomenological discussions of corporality expressed in the works of the philosopher Sara Heinämaa.Chapter Two provides Osten's general biographical background and insights into her early work with the free theatre group "Fickteatern". A determined attitude toward a particular, defined audience lent the group's ideological critique a unique dramatic form. By the time Osten arrived at the Stockholm Municipal Theatre in 1971, her involvement in the women's movement contributed to the fact that she paid particular attention to the interpretive efforts of female actors.In Chapter Three, the production Jösses Flickor! Befrielsen är nära (1974) is analyzed. By employing the grotesque and the burlesque she exposed fractures in the dramaturgy of the production, whereby the female characters were given free reign to act out their own impulses within the narrative.The play I lusthuset (1988) is analyzed in Chapter Four, where Osten's interest focused on role formation and the social implications of her characters through gender-focused gestic elements. Cross-dressing as a method of direction connected with prescribed elements in the social roles women and men are expected to play and which they do indeed play.The fifth chapter is based on field studies conducted during the rehearsals of Besvärliga människor (1998/99). The analysis reveals an intensified problematization of the gender question, integrated into the staging of the production and interpretive processes of the actors. In her workshops, Osten set identity politics in motion within each individual character and in relation to both the actors and their audience.In conclusion, this dissertation makes visible the way in which Suzanne Osten works with the entire representational apparatus of the theatre - in relationship to the concrete theatrical machinery and what is being played out on the stage, and in relationship to the more inaccessible and indefinable social and ideological conditions existing between the narrative, the stage and the audience.
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| 6328. |
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| 6329. |
- Svensson, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Preparation of fluorinated linkers : Use of F-19 NMR spectroscopy to establish conditions for solid-phase synthesis of pilicide libraries
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-4766 .- 1520-4774. ; 2:736-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three fluorinated linkers which are analogues of linkers commonly used in solid-phase peptide synthesis have been prepared. One of the linkers was used in combination with gel-phase F-19 NMR spectroscopy to develop conditions for solid-phase synthesis of two libraries of pilicides, i.e. compounds designed to inhibit assembly of adhesive pill in uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Attachment to and cleavage from the linker could be monitored based on the chemical shift of the fluorine atom of the linker. In addition, use of the linker as internal standard allowed quantification and optimization of reactions occurring further away from the linker when fluorinated building blocks were employed. Importantly, high-quality F-19 NMR spectra were obtained for compounds linked to a TentaGel resin in a standard NMR tube using an ordinary NMR instrument.
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| 6330. |
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