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| 2. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Prospective study of genital human papillomaviruses and nonmelanoma skin cancer.
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 133:8, s. 1840-1845
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genital high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause cervical cancer and are also found in a small proportion of nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). We used cancer registry linkages to follow the 856,000 serum donors included in the Southern Sweden Microbiology Biobank or the Janus Biobank in Norway, for incident skin cancers occurring up to 30 years after serum donation. Serum samples taken before diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (N = 633), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (N = 1990) or other NMSC (N = 153) and matched samples from control donors were tested for antibodies to the genital HPV types 16 and 18. Both HPV 16 and 18 were associated with increased risk for SCC [odds ratio (OR) 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.6 and OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.5, respectively] and other NMSC (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.0-5.2 and OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.4-8.7, respectively), but not for BCC. Tumor blocks from HPV16 or 18 seropositive cases were tested with real-time polymerase chain reaction for presence of HPV16 or 18 DNA. No HPV18 DNA was found and only four of 79 SCC cases (two of which were from the perineum/perianal area), one of 221 BCC cases and zero of five cases with other NMSC contained HPV16 DNA. In conclusion, we found prospective evidence that HPV16 and 18 antibodies associate with SCC and other NMSC risk, but not with BCC risk. As only a small proportion of seropositive subjects had evidence of the corresponding HPV DNA in the tumor, most of this excess risk is likely to be due to confounders associated with genital HPV infection.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Prospective Study of Human Papillomavirus Seropositivity and Risk of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 175:7, s. 685-695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in case-control studies, but there are limited data from prospective studies assessing whether virus exposure predicts risk of future cancer development. Two major biobanks, the Southern Sweden Microbiology Biobank (1971-2003) and the Janus Biobank (1973-2003) in Norway, containing samples from 850,000 donors, were searched for incident skin cancer for up to 30 years using registry linkages. Altogether, 2,623 donors with samples taken before diagnosis of SCC or basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin were identified. Prediagnostic samples and samples from 2,623 matched controls were tested for antibodies against 33 types of HPV. Baseline seropositivity to HPV types in genus beta species 2 was associated with SCC risk (odds ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 1.7); this was also the case for samples taken more than 18 years before diagnosis (odds ratio = 1.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.8). Type-specific persistent seropositivity entailed elevated point estimates for SCC risk for 29 HPV types and decreased point estimates for only 3 types. After multiple hypothesis adjustment, HPV 76 was significantly associated with SCC risk and HPV 9 with BCC risk. In summary, seropositivity for certain HPV types was associated with an increased risk for future development of SCC and BCC.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Seroreactivity to Cutaneous Human Papillomaviruses among Patients with Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer or Benign Skin Lesions.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. - 1538-7755. ; 17:1, s. 189-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPV) are common in nonmelanoma skin cancers, benign skin lesions, and healthy skin. Increased seroprevalences for cutaneous HPV among nonmelanoma skin cancer patients have been described. To determine whether antibodies to cutaneous HPV are related to presence of the virus and/or to skin disease, we collected serum and biopsies from both lesions and healthy skin from 434 nonimmunosuppressed patients (72 squamous cell carcinomas, 160 basal cell carcinomas, 81 actinic keratoses, and 121 benign lesions). Biopsies were analyzed for HPV DNA by PCR, cloning, and sequencing. Serum antibodies to the major capsid protein L1 of HPV 1, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 20, 24, 32, 36, 38, and 57 as well as to the oncoproteins E6 and E7 of HPV 8 and 38 were detected using a multiplexed fluorescent bead-based assay. Type-specific seroprevalence among patients with the same type of HPV DNA (sensitivity of serology) varied from 0% to at most 28%. Presence of HPV DNA and antibodies to the same HPV type was not significantly correlated. However, seropositivity to any HPV type was significantly more common among patients positive for HPV DNA of any HPV type (odds ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.55-2.34). Seroprevalences were similar among the different patient groups but was, for most HPV types, somewhat higher among squamous cell carcinoma patients than among basal cell carcinoma patients (P < 0.01). In conclusion, additional studies are required to clarify the biological meaning of seropositivity as a marker of cutaneous HPV infection and skin disease. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(1):189-95).
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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The interface of population-based cancer registries and biobanks in etiological and clinical research : current and future perspectives
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 49:8, s. 1227-1234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The availability of quality assured, population-based cancer registries and biobanks with high quality samples makes it possible to conduct research on large samples sets with long follow-up within a reasonable time frame. Defined quality for both cancer registries and biobanks is essential for enabling high quality biobank-based research. Recent networking projects have brought these infrastructures together to promote the combined use of cancer registries and biobanks in cancer research.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this report we review the current status and future perspectives of cancer registries and biobanks and how the interface between them should be developed to optimally further cancer research.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Major conclusions for future improvements are that the research exploiting cancer registries and biobanks, and the research that is building and optimising the infrastructure, should evolve together for maximally relevant progress. Population-based and sustainable biobanks that continuously and consecutively store all samples ("Biological registries") under strict quality control are needed. There is also a need for increased education, information and visibility of the interdisciplinary sciences required for optimal exploitation of these resources.
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| 6. |
- Andrae, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Screening-preventable cervical cancer risks : evidence from a nationwide audit in Sweden.
- 2008
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Ingår i: J Natl Cancer Inst. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2105 .- 0027-8874. ; 100:9, s. 622-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The effectiveness of cervical cancer screening programs differs widely in different populations. The reasons for these differences are unclear. Routine and comprehensive audits have been proposed as an ethically required component of screening. We performed a nationwide audit of the effectiveness of the Swedish cervical cancer screening program.Methods: We identified all invasive cervical cancer cases that were diagnosed in Sweden from January 1, 1999, through December 31, 2001, and had been reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry (n = 1230 cases). We verified the diagnoses by histopathologic rereview and matched each case subject to five (population-based) age-matched control subjects who were identified from the National Population Register. The Pap smear screening histories for case and control subjects were reviewed for a 6-year period using the National Cervical Cancer Screening Register, which contains data on essentially all relevant cytological and histological diagnoses in Sweden. Odds ratios (ORs), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs), of cervical cancer according to screening history were calculated in conditional logistic regression models. All statistical tests were two-sided.Results: Women who had not had a Pap smear within the recommended screening interval had higher risk of cervical cancer than women who had been screened (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 2.19 to 2.91). This risk was similarly increased for all age groups (Phomogeneity = .96). The risk for nonsquamous cell cervical cancers (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.20 to 2.11) was also increased. Women who had not had a Pap smear within the recommended screening interval had a particularly high risk of advanced cancers (OR = 4.82, 95% CI = 3.61 to 6.44). Among women who had been screened within the recommended interval, those with abnormal Pap smears had a higher risk of cervical cancer than those with normal smears (OR = 7.55, 95% CI = 5.88 to 9.69) and constituted 11.5% of all women with cervical cancer.Conclusions: Nonadherence to screening intervals was the major reason for cervical cancer morbidity. The screening program was equally effective for women of all ages and was also effective against nonsquamous cancers.
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| 8. |
- Arbyn, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Cervical cytology biobanking in Europe
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Biological Markers. - : SAGE Publications. - 0393-6155 .- 1724-6008. ; 25:3, s. 117-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A cervical cytology biobank (CCB) is an extension of current cytopathology laboratory practice consisting in the systematic storage of Pap smears or liquid-based cytology samples from women participating in cervical cancer screening with the explicit purpose to facilitate future scientific research and quality audit of preventive services. A CCB should use an internationally agreed uniform cytology terminology, be integrated in a national or regional screening registry, and be linked to other registries (histology, cancer, vaccination). Legal and ethical principles concerning personal integrity and data safety must be respected strictly. Biobank-based studies require approval of ethical review boards. A CCB is an almost inexhaustible resource for fundamental and applied biological research. In particular, it can contribute to answering questions on the natural history of HPV infection and HPV-induced lesions and cancers, screening effectiveness, exploration of new biomarkers, and surveillance of the short- and long-term effects of the introduction of HPV vaccination. To understand the limitations of CCB, more studies are needed on the quality of samples in relation to sample type, storage procedures, and duration of storage.
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| 9. |
- Arbyn, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical applications of HPV testing: A summary of meta-analyses
- 2006
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Ingår i: Vaccine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2518 .- 0264-410X. ; 24:Suppl. 3, s. 78-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: More than ever, clinicians need regularly updated reviews given the continuously increasing amount of new information regarding innovative cervical cancer prevention methods. Material and methods: A summary is given from recently published meta-analyses on three possible clinical applications of human papillomavirus (HPV)-DNA testing: triage of women with equivocal or low-grade cytological abnormalities; prediction of the therapeutic outcome after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions, and last not but not least, primary screening for cervical cancer and pre-cancer. Results: Consistent evidence is available indicating that HPV-triage with the Hybrid Capture-2 assay (HC2) is more accurate (significantly higher sensitivity, similar specificity) than repeat cytology to triage women with equivocal Pap smear results. When triaging women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), a reflex HC2 test does not show a significantly higher sensitivity, but a significantly lower specificity compared to a repeat Pap smear. After treatment of cervical lesions, HPV testing easily detects (with higher sensitivity and not lower specificity) residual or recur-rent CIN than follow-up cytology. Primary screening with HC2 generally detects 23% (95% confidence interval, CI: 13-23%) more CIN-2, CIN-3, or cancer compared to cytology at cut-off atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or LSIL, but is 6% (95% CI: 4-8%) less specific. By combined HPV and cytology screening, a further 4% (95% CI: 3-5%) more CIN-3 lesions can be identified but at the expense of a 7% (95% CI: 5-9%) loss in specificity, in comparison with isolated HC2 screening. Conclusions: Sufficient evidence exists to recommend HPV testing in triage of women with atypical cytology and in surveillance after treatment of CIN lesions. In the United States, recently reviewed knowledge has resulted in the approval of combined cytology and HC2 primary screening in women older than 30 years. However, in Europe, cytology-based screening still remains the standard screening method. The European screening policy will be reviewed based on the longitudinal results of randomised population trials which are currently underway. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Arbyn, M, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical utility of HPV-DNA detection: Triage of minor cervical lesions, follow-up of women treated for high-grade CIN: An update of pooled evidence.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Gynecologic Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-6859 .- 0090-8258. ; 99:3, Suppl 1, s. 7-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Human papilloma virus (HPV) testing and repeat cytology are both proposed as methods to triage women with minor cytological cervical lesions. By triage, those women can be identified who need referral for diagnostic exploration with colposcopy and/or biopsy. Methods. We conducted meta-analyses of reported studies on the accuracy to detect high-grade cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia or worse disease (CIN2+) in women with ASCUS or LSIL. We also performed meta-analyses to examine the best predictor of recurrence of CIN after treatment for CIN2 or CIN3. Results. We found that HPV testing using the Hybrid Capture II test is more effective (more sensitive, equally specific) than cytology for the triage of patients with ASCUS Pap smears. Because of the high rate of HPV positivity, this is not the case for patients with LSIL. Studies concerning post-treatment follow-Lip were heterogeneous. In general, HPV testing performed better than follow-up cytology to predict success or failure of treatment (significantly higher sensitivity, not significantly lower specificity). Conclusions. Overall, in comparison with follow-up cytology, HPV DNA testing is more sensitive and equally specific for triage of ASCUS cases and for predicting recurrence of CIN in women treated for high-grade CIN.
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