| 21. |
- Abbasian, Saeid, et al.
(författare)
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The determinant of external financing at the start-up stage : Empirical evidences from Swedish data
- 2014
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Ingår i: World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development. - Switzerland : InderScience Publishers. - 1746-0573 .- 1746-0581. ; 10:1, s. 124-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small firms in general have limited access to funding, which is a major problem for entrepreneurs. In particular, this problem is evident for women and ethnic minority groups. The purpose of the study is to examine empirically the impact of gender, ethnicity and other relevant variables on the access to external financing of new small firms. A sample of 2,764 female– and male–owned small businesses, based on a unique and large database gathered through interviews, was investigated employing binary logistic regression models. The results suggest that both gender and ethnicity are significant explanatory variables influencing the access to external capital at the start–up stage. Entrepreneurs' age, experience of starting businesses and education, as well as additional jobs beside their own business, are other variables that influence the way in which entrepreneurs finance their business. Moreover, firm characteristics in terms of personal start–up capital, firm size and legal form have an impact on financing behaviour at start–up. Since the knowledge about this issue is limited, the results of this study add to our understanding of the variables affecting the behaviour of small business endeavours in seeking funding at start–up
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| 22. |
- Elofsson, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Optimal management of two ecologically interacting deer speciesreality matters, beliefs don't
- 2017
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Ingår i: Natural Resource Modeling. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0890-8575 .- 1939-7445. ; 30:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to analyze the optimal management of two ecologically interdependent, competing species, roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and fallow deer (Dama dama). To this end, we develop a numerical stage-structured model, accounting for species-specific life history characteristics, gender, and stage-specific hunting values. Two contrasting management regimes are considered: optimal joint management of the two species and management where the decision maker is ignorant about interspecific competition. Results from our case study show that the presence of interspecific competition reduces roe deer population size and harvest by 30% and 47%, respectively, and reduces the net present value by 9%. High interspecific competition could lead to the exclusion of the roe deer from the area. In contrast, ignorance about the level and consequences of interspecific competition has no impact on harvest decisions and revenues. The explanation is the higher hunting benefits for fallow deer. Summary for Managers Wildlife managers need bioeconomic models for decisions on ecologically interdependent species. This study investigates optimal joint management of roe and fallow deer when the fallow deer exerts a negative impact on roe deer due to interspecific competition. Results show that interspecific competition reduces the net present value of hunting at the study site by 9%. Regulations will not increase the net present value of hunting in a situation where the manager is ignorant of interspecific competition.
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| 23. |
- Bele, Bolette, et al.
(författare)
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Lokale matprodukter, kundepreferanser og biologisk kulturarv : Oppsummering av en kundeundersøkelse i Gävleborgs län, Sverige og i Trøndelag Fylke, Norge
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denne undersøkelsen er gjennomført innenfor rammen for Interreg-prosjektet «Biologisk kulturarvsom bærekraftig verdiskaper». Prosjektet har fokusert på det potensialet som småskala produsenterhar i å synliggjøre de natur- og kulturverdiene som er koblet denne typen matproduksjon.Forbrukerundersøkelsen som presenteres i denne rapporten ble gjennomført ved to utsalgssteder iSverige og to i Norge. I Sverige foregikk spørreundersøkelsen i Gävleborgs län, ved matfestivalenMoläta i Järvsö og ved setra Svedbovallen like utenfor Järvsö. I Norge ble den samme undersøkelsengjennomført i Trøndelag, ved Eggjenseteren i Snåsa og ved Mathallen Smak og Behag i Oppdal.Undersøkelsen ble gjennomført som en kombinasjon av spørreskjema og oppfølgende intervju. Itillegg er også resultater fra en pilotstudie ved Gregoriemarknaden i Sverige diskutert i rapporten.Forbrukerundersøkelsen fokuserer på fire hovedtemaer: a) hvordan informanten/kunden ser på dennetype bedrifter (företag) og hva de setter pris på ved besøket, b) hva kunden assosierer med det å handleslike lokale matprodukter, c) hvilke naturverdier og biologisk kulturarv de assosierer slike produktermed, d) hvilken bakgrunn kunden/informanten har.Omtrent halvparten av informantene i denne undersøkelsen svarer at de kjenner til selve begrepet«biologisk kulturarv». I og med at koblingen mellom lokale matprodukter og natur- og kulturarv ikkeer tydelig for alle kunder, bør det ligge et potensial i å formidle denne kunnskapen, slik at den kanbidra både til å styrke økonomien og bærekraften til virksomhetene. Resultatene viser også at mangeav kundene verdsetter den opplevelsen det er å besøke slike utsalgssteder. Dette inkluderer blantannet opplevelser knyttet frivillig arbeid (volonärer), drikke kaffe, oppleve spesielle landskap og hakontakt med dyr. Det sosiale samværet ved å besøke matfestivalen, markedet, setra eller det lokaleutsalgsstedet er også noe som påvirker kundenes opplevelse av produktene. Mange avinformantene/kundene i denne undersøkelsen viste seg å ha en indirekte/historisk geografisktilknytning til utsalgsstedet. Resultatene viser derfor at det kan være viktig å henvende seg tilutflyttere, hytteeiere og andre lokale/regionale turister/turistaktører for å danne seg et godtkundegrunnlag både for produktene og opplevelsene som tilbys.Våre resultater viser at salget av lokale matprodukter må anses å være en del av denhelhetsopplevelsen som tilbys. Produktene, til sammen med opplevelsene og aktivitetene må derforsees på som en pakkeløsning som kundene er villige til å betale for. Småskala matprodusenter børderfor sette fokus på helheten og ikke bare fokusere på kvaliteten til matproduktene.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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Dietary reforms in the Baltic and East Central Europe, ca 1850–1950
- 2022
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this special section, the histories of dietary reform have been approached and explored from different perspectives. The essays weave together threads of the history of dietary advice and nutritional standards with social history, women’s history and food history, covering the elements of life reform and women’s movements, the establishment of communist food ideology, the development of modern food safety and food security, etc. Three peer-reviewed articles focusing on the case studies of Estonia, Bulgaria and the Russian empire are built on previously untapped sources and offer original perspectives on the topic. As the contributions suggest, the entangled histories of dietary reform efforts proved to be a valuable and novel prism through which to study the region and the history of Europe in general.
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| 26. |
- Themnér, Anders, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Climate Change and the Risk of Violent Conflicts in Southern Africa
- 2011
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study aims to identify regions in the Zambezi River Basin in Southern Africa that are prone to risk of violent conflicts (collective violence, popular unrest) induced by climatic changes/variability. The Zambezi River is 575 kilometres long and the basin covers eight countries: Zambia, Angola, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Tanzania, Botswana, Mozambique and Namibia. Besides the ecological impact, the study argues that socio-economic and political problems are disproportionately multiplied by climate change/variability. Climate change/variability amplifies stresses on the socio-political fabric because it affects the governance of resources, and hence, is linked to the weakened mitigation and adaptation capacity of societies, that are already facing economic challenges (rising food prices, etc.). Society becomes highly vulnerable to climate induced conflicts when it suffers from poor central leadership, weak institutions and polarized social identities. Taking all these factors into consideration, this study identifies Bulawayo/Matableleland-North in Zimbabwe and the Zambezia Province in Mozambique as the most likely regions to experience climate induced conflicts in the near future. The reasons for arriving at this conclusion are: a) Climate change/variability will have a significant impact on these two regions; due to increasing water scarcity in Bulawayo/Matabeleland-North; and intensified flooding, sea-level rise, and costal erosion in the Zambezia Province. b) Due to climate change/variability, agricultural production in these two regions will become highly volatile, leading to severe food insecurity. c) Both regions are suffering from low quality political governance, having unscrupulous elites, weak institutions, and polarized social identities.
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| 27. |
- Lindhult, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Value logics for service innovation : practice-driven implications for service-dominant logic
- 2018
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Ingår i: Service Business. - : Springer. - 1862-8516 .- 1862-8508. ; 12:3, s. 457-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Service-dominant logic (SDL) provides a conceptual understanding of and widens the view on value creation in service innovation for product-centric companies. However, empirical research linking SDL and service innovation is still limited albeit expanding. This study provides insights beyond existing discussions on product and service dimensions using the theoretical lens of the value logic perspective. More specifically, the purpose of this study is to examine how value can be understood, targeted, and created in the pursuit of service innovation by product-centric manufacturing companies. Building on a previous investigation of two multinational product-centric manufacturing companies, this paper identifies and develops a theoretical model to describe the space shift in service innovation with four different kinds of value logics, namely, product-based value logic, service-based value logic, virtual-based value logic, and systemic-based value logic. Using a digitalization-driven new service innovation, namely the My Control System, which is a web-based service delivery platform, this paper describes space shifts to enhance value through four value logics as efforts. Further, challenges associated with different value logics are described in terms of complexity traps and service gaps. The study also contributes to bridging the gap between SDL theory and practice by developing a midrange theoretical model for value creation as a specification and amendment to SDL that supports SDL-guided service innovation and servitization in practice.
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| 28. |
- Parida, Vinit, et al.
(författare)
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A study of how ICT capabilities can influence dynamic capabilities
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Enterprise Information Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1741-0398 .- 1758-7409. ; 29:2, s. 179-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - Prior studies have argued that small firms with dynamic capabilities can revise and reconfigure their internal resources to meet the uncertainties of their business environment. However, there is a lack of understanding of how they can develop such critical capabilities. In this study, we propose that small firms can employ information and communication technology (ICT) capabilities as a facilitator for developing dynamic capabilities. Thus, the study builds on resource-based view (RBV) literature and and information systems (IS) literature by examining the influence of ICT capabilities on the dynamic capabilities of small firms.Design/methodology/approach - Several hypotheses were tested by analyzing the survey data from 291 small high-technology firms in Sweden.Findings - The results reveal that ICT capabilities influence dynamic capabilities of small firms. More specifically, the ICT use for internal efficiency positively influences adoptive capabilities, collaborative use of ICT positively influences networking capabilities, and ICT use for communications positively influences both adaptive and innovation capabilities. Consequently, the results suggest that the different components of ICT capabilities facilitate the development of the different organizational capabilities that together represent dynamic capabilities and thus, can contribute to a small firm’s competitive advantage.Practical implications - This study has few implications for the managers and CEO’s of small high-technology firms. Firstly, by prioritizing ICT capabilities, small firms can benefit from the development of dynamic capabilities that will support them to meet the challenges of turbulent business environment. Secondly, because small firms usually lack internal resources (i.e., financial resources and competence), the study provides more specific direction on how they can strategically invest and build different components of ICT that will positively influence their adaptive, absorptive, innovative and network capabilities.Originality/value – The study provides an alternative view of how ICT capabilities influence the performance of small firms, and outlines how such capabilities influence the development of dynamic capabilities. Therefore, the study in hand contributes to the RBV and IS literature by specifically linking the components of ICT capabilities to dynamic capabilities and its related sub-capabilities.
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| 29. |
- Parida, Vinit, et al.
(författare)
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Realization of open innovation : a case study in manufacturing industry
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Promotion Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1049-6491 .- 1540-7594. ; 20:3, s. 372-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous innovation is regarded as an imperative for most companies. In this regard, open innovation suggests a successful approach to new product development, wherein the emphasis is on external collaboration. Previous research has provided examples from some industries, whereas mature and traditional companies such as manufacturing firms have gained limited interest. Thus, this paper seeks to answer two critical questions: why should manufacturing companies shift toward open innovation approaches and how can they adopt open innovation for product development. Based on case study in two companies, a list of opportunities, challenges, and efforts for organizational change toward open innovation are discussed.
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| 30. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Does Foreign Aid Improve Gender Performance In Recipient Countries?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of International Development. - : Wiley. - 0954-1748 .- 1099-1328. ; 32:7, s. 1171-1193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An explicit goal of foreign aid is to promote female empowerment and gender equality in developing countries. We investigate if foreign aid achieves this intended goal by examining its impact on the gender performance of recipient countries at the country level. Employing structural equation models, our results suggest that aid alone, even when targeted to directly improve gender outcomes, is unlikely to shift systemic inequalities. Aid will need to bolster civil society efforts that challenge institutional structures and norms in order to impact gender outcomes at the country level.
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