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Träfflista för sökning "Nicaragua ;lar1:(gu);srt2:(2005-2009)"

Sökning: Nicaragua > Göteborgs universitet > (2005-2009)

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1.
  • Bucardo, Filemon, et al. (författare)
  • Genetic susceptibility to symptomatic norovirus infection in Nicaragua. : norovirus susceptibility in Nicaragua
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Journal of medical virology. - : Wiley. - 1096-9071 .- 0146-6615. ; 81:4, s. 728-35
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Host genetic resistance to Norovirus (NoV) has been observed in challenge and outbreak studies in populations from Europe, Asia, and USA. In this study, we have investigated if histo-blood group antigens can predict susceptibility to diarrhea caused by NoV in Nicaragua, Central America, and if this can be reflected in antibody-prevalence and titer to NoV among individuals with different histo-blood group antigen phenotypes. Investigation of 28 individuals infected with NoV and 131 population controls revealed 6% of non-secretors in the population and nil non-secretors among patients infected with NoV, suggesting that non-secretors may be protected against NoV disease in Nicaragua. Surprisingly, 25% of the population was Lewis negative (Le(a-b-)). NoV infections with genogroup I (GI) and GII occurred irrespective of Lewis genotype, but none of the Lewis a positive (Le(a + b-)) were infected. The globally dominating GII.4 virus infected individuals of all blood groups except AB (n = 5), while the GI viruses (n = 4) infected only blood type O individuals. Furthermore, O blood types were susceptible to infections with GI.4, GII.4, GII.7, GII.17, and GII.18-Nica viruses, suggesting that secretors with blood type O are susceptible (OR = 1.52) and non-secretors resistant. The overall antibody-prevalence to NoV GII.3 VLP was 62% with the highest prevalence among blood type B carriers (70%) followed by A (68%) and O (62%). All four investigated individuals carrying blood type AB were antibody-negative. Among secretors, 63% were antibody-positive compared to 33% among non-secretors (P = 0.151). This study extends previous knowledge about the histo-blood group antigens role in NoV disease in a population with different genetic background than North American and European.
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2.
  • Wedel, Johan, 1962 (författare)
  • Religious Healing in Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: 33th Caribbean Studies Association (CSA) conference, San Andres, Colombia, May 26-30, 2008.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This paper inquires into the various forms of healing performed today among the Miskitu people of the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua. The Miskitu have a long history of relations with outsiders and with people of African origin. Miskitu cosmology and its ideas about illness and healing is today a mixture of indigenous, Afro-Caribbean, and Christian beliefs. Local healers constantly pick up new healing methods and ideas from other religious traditions in Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. The paper discusses how Miskitu healers, known as curanderos, sukias, and profetas, heal by relating sickness and suffering to a world of spirits which also makes reference to the plural cultural antecedences of contemporary Miskitu worldview.
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3.
  • Wedel, Johan, 1962 (författare)
  • Spirit possession among the Miskitu of Nicaragua
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Paper for the 10th EASA conference, Ljubljana, Slovenia, August 26-29, 2008..
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The Miskitu people of Eastern Nicaragua are occasionally troubled by a spectacular illness called grisi siknis or "crazy sickness," said to be caused by spirits. This paper inquires into how Miskitu healers ritually transform the experience of the afflicted through an idiom of the spirit world.
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4.
  • Wedel, Johan, 1962 (författare)
  • Healing and spirit possession in the Caribbean
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Stockholm Review of Latin American Studies. - 1654-0204. ; :4, s. 49-60
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article takes a comparative look at spiritual healing and its implications among followers of Afro-Cuban Santería and among the Miskitu people of Nicaragua. It shows how illness and suffering is located in a sacred domain allowing transformations on social, psychological, and physiological levels. Healing is achieved by creating a sacred reality by means of powerful symbols and spirit possession. In this process, spiritual beings are representations of people’s conditions. At the same time, spirits also represent a model for healing.
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  • Wedel, Johan, 1962 (författare)
  • Bridging the Gap between Western and Indigenous Medicine in Eastern Nicaragua
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Anthropological Notebooks. ; 15:1, s. 49-64
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In Nicaragua there are attempts, at various levels, to bridge the gap between Western and indigenous medicine and to create more equal forms of therapeutic cooperation. This article, based on anthropological fieldwork, focuses on this process in the North Atlantic Autonomous Region a province dominated by the Miskitu people. It examines illness beliefs among the Miskitu, and how therapeutic cooperation is understood and acted upon by medical personnel, health authorities and Miskitu healers. The study focuses on ailments locally considered to be caused by spirits and sorcery and problems that fall outside the scope of biomedical knowledge. Of special interest is the mass-possession phenomena grisi siknis where Miskitu healing methods have been the preferred alternative, even from the perspective of the biomedical health authorities. The paper shows that Miskitu healing knowledge is only used to compensate for biomedicine’s failure and not as a real alternative, despite the intentions in the new Nicaraguan National Health Plan. This article calls for more equal forms of therapeutic cooperation through ontological engagement by ongoing negotiation and mediation between local and biomedical ways of perceiving the world.
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  • Resultat 1-10 av 10

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