| 1. |
- Knutsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Postprandial responses of glucose, insulin and triglycerides : Influence of the timing of meal intake during night work
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 0260-1060 .- 2047-945X. ; 16, s. 133-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to study the postprandial responses of glucose, insulin and triglycerides to meal intake at different clock times during night work. Eleven night shift working nurses participated. Identical test meals were ingested at 19:30, 23:30 and 03:30, and contained 440 kcal/ 1860 kJ of energy (33 E% fat, 51 E% carbohydrate, 16 E% protein). The food intake was standardized three days before the first test meal. Blood samples were drawn just before the test meals were ingested and thereafter at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 minutes. The postprandial responses were estimated as the total area under the curve (AUC) and significance testing was done using repeated measures ANOVA. The highest insulin level was found after meal intake at 23:30, and the lowest after meal intake 03:30. The glucose response showed the same pattern. The insulin response to food intake in night working nurses is more pronounced in the night compared with morning and evening. The results would have implications for metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in night workers.
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| 2. |
- Landström, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Onset of drowsiness and satiation after meals with different energy contents
- 2001
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 0260-1060 .- 2047-945X. ; 15, s. 87-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The investigation consisted of a laboratory study with 10 healthy subjects who were both sleep and food deprived prior to each experimental condition. The aim of the study was to investigate the importance of energy content and the bulk of food on wakefulness and satiation. Each subject was tested in four conditions, each with equal food composition but different energy amounts: 100, 500 and 1000 kcal and 100 kcal with low bulk content. Recordings and ratings of wakefulness and satiations were carried out throughout the investigation, starting 30 minutes before and continuing until 90 minutes after intake of the food alternatives. No differences in wakefulness could be observed after the four food alternatives. However, subjects rated themselves as more satiated after the food alternatives with higher energy content and higher bulk
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| 3. |
- Landström, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Field studies on the effects of food content on wakefulness
- 2000
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 0260-1060 .- 2047-945X. ; 14:4, s. 195-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The investigation included six drivers engaged in day driving and six drivers engaged in night driving. Changes in wakefulness were analysed by means of a questionnaire where the drivers were asked to rate their wakefulness on a 100 mm rating scale. Changes in wakefulness were analysed during intake of food with higher and lower contents of fat. The day-drivers had their intakes as breakfast and lunch, the night-drivers as dinner and between meals. No significant difference was observed between the two types of intake, meaning that the balance between fat, protein and carbohydrate does not effect the development of drowsiness.
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| 4. |
- Landström, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Laboratory studies of the effects of carbohydrate consumption on wakefulness
- 2000
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Health. - 0260-1060. ; 13:4, s. 213-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in wakefulness before and after exposure to carbohydrate intake were tested in 30 test persons. Changes in wakefulness were tested via EEG and subjective estimates. The intakes consisted of 400 ml glucose, 250 kcal (GI 100), 400 ml fructose, 209 kcal (GI 20), and 400 ml water. The study has indicated that intake of fructose, glucose and water had a similar stimulating effect on wakefulness in drowsy subjects immediately after intake. Our results also indicate that intake of fructose can lead to a delay in the development of drowsiness. Compared to water, a 20-30 minutes delay of the point in time when high-degree drowsiness developed, took place. There was no significant difference between glucose and water.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Neely, Gregory, et al.
(författare)
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Missing a Meal : Effects on Alertness during Sedentary Work
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 0260-1060 .- 2047-945X. ; 18:1, s. 37-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the acute effects of missing a meal on alertness. The participants were ten university students between 20–29 years old, five females and five males. Participants were chosen on the basis of their good sleep and eating practices. Measurements were collected during an eight hour period starting at 8.00 AM on four separate days. During the test period, participants carried out their normal study activities while on separate days receiving either just breakfast, just lunch, both lunch and breakfast, or no meal at all. During the test period, EEG was monitored continuously while subjective ratings of performance and tiredness were collected every half-hour. The results showed that while there were neither physiological nor subjective indications of tiredness which could be attributed to meal consumption, subjective feelings of lack of energy and motivation was significantly more pronounced at the end of the workday when missing a meal or two.
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