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Sökning: swepub > Karlstads universitet > (1990-1994)

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  • Grenholm, Cristina (författare)
  • Romans Interpreted : A Comparative Analysis of the Commentaries of Barth, Nygren, Cranfield and Wilckens on Paul´s Epistle to the Romans
  • 1990
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This thesis deals with the problem of how to explain different interpretations of Paul's Epistle to the Romans in the four contemporary commentaries of Karl Barth, Anders Nygren, Charles Cranfield and Ulrich Wilckens. The purpose of this study is to put forward and analyse the different interpretations given by the commentators and to examine some ways in which these differences may be explained.The differences analysed primarily concern central theological issues. A detailed description of the four different interpretations of Romans is given on three levels: (i) concerning Romans 7, (ii) concerning some theological themes in Romans and (iii) concerning some general remarks on Romans which are important for the interpretation of the Epistle.Different kinds of interpretations are defined by the development of a theory of interpretation which focuses on the arguments supporting the commentators' choices of interpretation. The different interpretations of Romans are explained by reference to the commentators' pursuit of different combinations of kinds of interpretations and by the contents of their arguments. Explanations are also found in their pursuit of different combinations of purposes. Their views of the contents of Christian faith, revelation and the Bible also explain the different interpretations. Special attention is paid to a fundamental lack of clarity in the commentaries concerning the relation between reconstructive and constructive interpretations, the problem of application.The commentaries are used as examples of biblical interpretation to arrive at a detailed knowledge of the complex process of interpretation. Distinctions are developed concerning kinds of interpretations, kinds of purposes and different views of revelation and the Bible
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  • Arkhammar, P., et al. (författare)
  • Protein kinase C modulates the insulin secretory process by maintaining a proper function of the beta-cell voltage-activated Ca2+ channels
  • 1994
  • Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - : Baishideng Publishers. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 269:4, s. 2743-2749
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the present study an attempt was made to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms whereby protein kinase C (PKC) modulates the beta-cell stimulus-secretion coupling. Regulation of Ca2+ channel activity, [Ca2+]i, and insulin release were investigated in both normal pancreatic mouse beta-cells and in similar beta-cells deprived of PKC activity. [Ca2+]i was measured with the intracellular fluorescent Ca2+ indicator fura-2 and the Ca2+ channel activity was estimated by the whole cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. To reveal the various isoenzymes of PKC present in the mouse beta-cell, proteins were separated by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and Western blotting was performed. The production of inositol phosphates was measured by ion-exchange chromatography and insulin release was measured radioimmunologically. Acute stimulation with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate resulted in suppression of both the carbamylcholine-induced increase in [Ca2+]i and production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Under these conditions the increase in [Ca2+]i in response to glucose was similar to that found in control cells. When beta-cells were deprived of PKC, by exposure to 200 nM 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate for 24-48 h, there was an enhanced response to carbamylcholine. This response constituted increases in both the [Ca2+]i signal and production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Interestingly, cells with down-regulated PKC activity responded more slowly to glucose stimulation, when comparing the initial increase in [Ca2+]i, than control cells. On the other hand, the maximal increase in [Ca2+]i was similar whether or not PKC was present. Moreover, PKC down-regulated cells exhibited a significant reduction of maximal whole cell Ca2+ currents, a finding that may explain the altered kinetics with regard to the [Ca2+]i increase in response to the sugar. Both the alpha and beta 1 forms of the PKC isoenzymes were present in the mouse beta-cell and were also subjected to PKC down-regulation. Hence, either of these isoenzymes or both may be involved in the modulation of phospholipase C and Ca2+ channel activity. Since insulin release under physiological conditions is critically dependent on Ca(2+)-influx through the voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels, the kinetics of hormone release was expected to demonstrate a similar delay as that of the [Ca2+]i increase. Although not as pronounced, such a delay was indeed also observed in the onset of insulin release. There was, however, no effect on the total amounts of hormone released. There was,h  owever, no effect on thet  otal amounts of hormone  released.  The present study con- firms that PKC has multiple roles and thereby interacta at different sites  in  the complex series of events consti- tuting  the #?-cell signal-transduction pathway. It is sug- gested that PKC  may  be tonically active and effective in  the maintenance of the phosphorylation state of the voltage-gated  L-type  Ca2+ channel, enabling an appro- priate function of this channel in the insulin secretory process.
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  • Asker, Claes, et al. (författare)
  • Datorbaserad kapillärmikroskopi
  • 1994
  • Ingår i: Läkarsällskapets Riksstämma,1994.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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