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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Johansson Börje) srt2:(2005-2009)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Johansson Börje) > (2005-2009)

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1.
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3.
  • Mollberg, Margareta, 1953, et al. (författare)
  • Comparison in obstetric management on infants with transient and persistent obstetric brachial plexus palsy.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of child neurology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1708-8283 .- 0883-0738. ; 23:12, s. 1424-32
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The outcome of obstetric brachial plexus palsy depends on the severity of the lesion of the nerve fibers. The aim of the prospective study is to evaluate if differences in force used in downward traction on the fetal head correlate to the number of nerve roots affected. At final neurological examination at 18 months of age, complete neurological recovery occurred in 80 of 98 children (82%). Downward traction of the fetal head was applied more often and with greater force in the group with persistent damage. There was a significant correlation between the force used to the number of nerve roots affected. The risk of persistent obstetric brachial plexus palsy at age 18 months depended on obstetric management and increased significantly with increasing force used in downward traction of the fetal head.
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4.
  • Soldati, P., et al. (författare)
  • Distributed cross-layer coordination of congestion control and resource allocation in S-TDMA wireless networks
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Wireless networks. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1022-0038 .- 1572-8196. ; 14:6, s. 949-965
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We consider the problem of joint congestion control and resource allocation in spatial-TDMA wireless networks. The design problem is posed as a utility maximization problem subject to link rate constraints which involve both transmission scheduling and power allocation. Starting from the performance limitations of a centralized optimization based on global network information, we proceed systematically in our development of two distributed and transparent protocols that rely on local information only. In the process, we introduce a novel decomposition method for convex optimization, establish its convergence for the utility maximization problem, and demonstrate how it suggests a distributed solution based on TCP/AQM and incremental updates of the transmission schedule. We develop a two-step procedure for finding the schedule updates and suggest two schemes for distributed link scheduling and power control under realistic interference models. Although the final protocols are suboptimal, we isolate and quantify the performance losses incurred by each simplification and demonstrate strong performance in examples.
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5.
  • Ahuja, Rajeev, et al. (författare)
  • High-pressure structural transitions in Cm and Am0.5Cm0.5 binary alloy
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: High Pressure Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0895-7959 .- 1477-2299. ; 26:4, s. 377-381
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The high-pressure behaviour of Cm and Am0.5Cm0.5 binary alloy is investigated theoretically using ab initio electronic structure methods. Our calculations reproduce the structural phase transitions, which are observed in recent experiment performed by Heathman et al. [S. Heathman, R.G. Haire, I Le Bihan et al., Science 309 110 (2005)] and Lindbaum et al. [A. Lindbaum, S. Heathman, T. Le Bihan et al., J. Phys: Condens. Matter 15 S2297 (2003)]. Calculated transition pressures are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values. Calculations performed for an antiferromagnetic state are essential to reproduce the stability of Cm-III phase.
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6.
  • Ahuja, Rajeev, et al. (författare)
  • High pressure structural transitions in Cm metal
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Mater Res Soc Symp Proc. - 1558998470 - 9781558998476 ; , s. 247-254
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The high pressure behaviour of Cm metal is investigated theoretically using ab initio electronic structure methods. Our calculations reproduce the structural phase transitions which are obsereved in recent experiment performed by Heatman et al. [Science 309, 110 (2005)]. Calculated transition pressures are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values. Calculations performed for an antiferromagnetic state is essential to reproduce the stability of Cm-III phase. Thus, the stability of the Cm-III phase is related to the spin polarization of its 5f electrons.
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7.
  • Airiskallio, E., et al. (författare)
  • Tuning the surface chemistry of Fe-Cr by V doping
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 80:15
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The reversal of the magnitudes of the bulk and surface chemical-potential differences induces the outburst of Cr on the otherwise pure Fe surface of Fe-Cr alloys. This threshold value for the Cr content is about 10 at. %. It is found that vanadium addition to Fe-Cr shifts the Cr threshold to a substantially lower value suggesting V having a positive effect on the corrosion resistance of low Cr steels. The obtained shift in the Cr threshold is shown to be connected to the change in volume of the alloy.
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8.
  • Andersson, David A., et al. (författare)
  • First-principles based calculation of binary and multicomponent phase diagrams for titanium carbonitride
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Calphad. - : Elsevier BV. - 0364-5916 .- 1873-2984. ; 32:3, s. 543-565
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper we have used a combined first principles and Calphad approach to calculate phase diagrams in the titanium-carbon-nitrogen system, with particular focus on the vacancy-induced ordering of the substoichiometric carbonitride phase, TiCxNy (x + y <= 1). Results from earlier Monte Carlo simulations of the low-temperature binary phase diagrams are used in order to formulate sublattice models for TiCxNy within the compound energy formalism (CEF) that are capable of describing both the low temperature ordered and the high-temperature disordered state. We parameterize these models using first-principles calculations and then we demonstrate how they can be merged with thermodynamic descriptions of the remaining Ti-C-N phases that are derived within the Calphad method by fitting model parameters to experimental data. We also discuss structural and electronic properties of the ordered end-member compounds, as well as short range order effects in the TiCxNy phase.
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9.
  • Andersson, David A., et al. (författare)
  • Modeling of Ce2, Ce2O3 ,and CeO2-x in the LDA+U formalism
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 75, s. 035109-1-035109-6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The electronic structure and thermodynamic properties of CeO2 and Ce2O3 have been studied from first principles by the all-electron projector-augmented-wave (PAW) method, as implemented in the ab initio total-energy and molecular-dynamics program VASP (Vienna ab initio simulation package). The local density approximation (LDA)+U formalism has been used to account for the strong on-site Coulomb repulsion among the localized Ce 4f electrons. We discuss how the properties of CeO2 and Ce2O3 are affected by the choice of U as well as the choice of exchange-correlation potential, i.e., the local density approximation or the generalized gradient approximation. Further, reduction of CeO2, leading to formation of Ce2O3 and CeO2-x, and its dependence on U and exchange-correlation potential have been studied in detail. Our results show that by choosing an appropriate U it is possible to consistently describe structural, thermodynamic, and electronic properties of CeO2, Ce2O3, and CeO2-x, which enables modeling of redox processes involving ceria-based materials.
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10.
  • Andersson, David A., et al. (författare)
  • Optimization of ionic conductivity in doped ceria
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 103:10, s. 3518-3521
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Oxides with the cubic fluorite structure, e.g., ceria (CeO2), are known to be good solid electrolytes when they are doped with cations of lower valence than the host cations. The high ionic conductivity of doped ceria makes it an attractive electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells, whose prospects as an environmentally friendly power source are very promising. In these electrolytes, the current is carried by oxygen ions that are transported by oxygen vacancies, present to compensate for the lower charge of the dopant cations. Ionic conductivity in ceria is closely related to oxygen-vacancy formation and migration properties. A clear physical picture of the connection between the choice of a dopant and the improvement of ionic conductivity in ceria is still lacking. Here we present a quantum-mechanical first-principles study of the influence of different trivalent impurities on these properties. Our results reveal a remarkable correspondence between vacancy properties at the atomic level and the macroscopic ionic conductivity. The key parameters comprise migration barriers for bulk diffusion and vacancy-dopant interactions, represented by association (binding) energies of vacancy-dopant clusters. The interactions can be divided into repulsive elastic and attractive electronic parts. In the optimal electrolyte, these parts should balance. This finding offers a simple and clear way to narrow the search for superior dopants and combinations of dopants. The ideal dopant should have an effective atomic number between 61 (Pm) and 62 (Sm), and we elaborate that combinations of Nd/Sm and Pr/Gd show enhanced ionic conductivity, as compared with that for each element separately.
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