| 1221. |
- Khorram-Manesh, Amir, 1958
(författare)
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Training in Disaster Medicine and Emergencies; a Short Review.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Austin Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. - 2380-0879. ; 2:4
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disasters and major incidents are inevitable, but can be mitigated by good planning and education. The educational approach to emergencies must be multidisciplinary and engage all organizations involved. It should consist of ancillary material, but also practical sequences, in which participants may exercise their knowledge, skills and competency individually and in group, based on diverse scenarios. In this short review, major types of simulation training are discussed with regard to their effectiveness in teaching and knowledge retention.
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| 1222. |
- Khosravitabar, Fatemeh, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating technical parameters for microalgae immobilization to optimize green hydrogen photoproduction: A comparative review
- 2024
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - 0360-3199.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that have been extensively studied for their ability to produce biofuels, including hydrogen (H2). While microalgae immobilization techniques have been extensively researched for wastewater treatment, their application for H2 photoproduction is a relatively new area of study. In this review, we evaluate microalgae immobilization as a promising technology to improve the commercial maturity of green H2 production by microalgae, as it offers multiple advantages over traditional suspended growth systems. It facilitates cell harvesting, reduces contamination risk, and improves control of cultivation conditions, biomass retention, and efficiency of H2 production. However, the effectiveness of immobilization largely depends on the technical parameters, including the type of immobilization method used, the choice of immobilization materials, and the operational conditions. Here we provide a comparative review on different parameters and conditions suggested in the literature for microalgae immobilization, and propose a protocol optimized to achieve an efficient H2 production.
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| 1223. |
- Kiliaan, A. J., et al.
(författare)
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Adipokines: a link between obesity and dementia?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - 1474-4422. ; 13:9, s. 913-923
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being overweight or obese, as measured with body-mass index or central adiposity (waist circumference), and the trajectory of body-mass index over the life course have been associated with brain atrophy, white matter changes, disturbances of blood brain barrier integrity, and risk of all-cause late-onset dementia and Alzheimer's disease. This observation leads us to question what it is about body-mass index that is associated with health of the brain and dementia risk. If high body-mass index and central adiposity represent an increase in adipose tissue, then the endocrine function of adipose tissue, mediated by adipose tissue hormones and adipokines, could be a due to mechanisms that underlie the association with dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Hundreds of adipoldnes have been identified, creating a complexity that is a challenge to simplify. Nonetheless, adipokines are being investigated in association with clinical dementia outcomes, and with imaging-based measures of brain volume, structure, and function in human beings and in predinical models of clinical dementia.
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| 1224. |
- Killeen, Sarah Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Using FIGO Nutrition Checklist counselling in pregnancy: A review to support healthcare professionals.
- 2023
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Ingår i: International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. - : Wiley. - 1879-3479 .- 0020-7292. ; 160:Suppl 1, s. 10-21
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The period before and during pregnancy is increasingly recognized as an important stage for addressing malnutrition. This can help to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases in mothers and passage of risk to their infants. The FIGO Nutrition Checklist is a tool designed to address these issues. The checklist contains questions on specific dietary requirements, body mass index, diet quality, and micronutrients. Through answering these questions, awareness is generated, potential risks are identified, and information is collected that can inform health-promoting conversations between women and their healthcare professionals. The tool can be used across a range of health settings, regions, and life stages. The aim of this review is to summarize nutritional recommendations related to the FIGO Nutrition Checklist to support healthcare providers using it in practice. Included is a selection of global dietary recommendations for each of the components of the checklist and practical insights from countries that have used it. Implementation of the FIGO Nutrition Checklist will help identify potential nutritional deficiencies in women so that they can be addressed by healthcare providers. This has potential longstanding benefits for mothers and their children, across generations.
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| 1225. |
- Kim, MS, et al.
(författare)
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The multiple roles of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in mast cell biology.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Trends in immunology. - 1471-4906 .- 1471-4981. ; 29:10, s. 493-501
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mast cells play a central role in the initiation of inflammatory responses associated with asthma and other allergic disorders. Receptor-mediated mast cell growth, differentiation, homing to their target tissues, survival and activation are all controlled, to varying degrees, by phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-driven pathways. It is not fully understood how such diverse responses can be differentially regulated by PI3K. However, recent studies have provided greater insight into the mechanisms that control, and those that are controlled by, different PI3K subunit isoforms in mast cells. In this review, we discuss how PI3K influences the mast cell processes described above. Furthermore, we describe how different mast cell receptors use alternative isoforms of PI3K for these functions and discuss potential downstream targets of these isoforms.
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| 1226. |
- Kimber, Eva, 1951
(författare)
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AMC: amyoplasia and distal arthrogryposis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1863-2521 .- 1863-2548. ; 9, s. 427-432
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2015, The Author(s). Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a heterogeneous condition defined as multiple congenital joint contractures in two or more body areas. The common pathogenesis is impaired fetal movements. Amyoplasia, the most frequent form, is a sporadically occurring condition with hypoplastic muscles and joint contractures. Distal arthrogryposis (DA) syndromes are often hereditary, and joint involvement is predominantly in the hands and feet. In a Swedish study, 131 patients with arthrogryposis were investigated. The most frequent diagnoses were amyoplasia and DA. In amyoplasia, muscle strength was found to be more important than joint range of motion (ROM) for motor function. In DA, muscle weakness was present in 44% of investigated patients. The clinical findings were found to be highly variable between families and also within families with DA. Fetal myopathy due to sarcomeric protein dysfunction can cause DA. An early multidisciplinary team evaluation of the child with arthrogryposis for specific diagnosis and planning of treatment is recommended. Attention should be directed at the development of muscle strength with early stimulation of active movements. Immobilization should be minimized.
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| 1227. |
- Kirkpatrick, Charles James
(författare)
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Modelling the regenerative niche: A major challenge in biomaterials research
- 2015
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Ingår i: Regenerative Biomaterials. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2056-3426 .- 2056-3418. ; 2, s. 267-272
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. By definition, biomaterials are developed for clinical application. In the field of regenerative medicine their principal function is to play a significant, and, if possible, an instructive role in tissue healing. In the last analysis the latter involves targeting the 'regenerative niche'. The present paper will address the problem of simulating this niche in the laboratory and adopts a life science approach involving the harnessing of heterotypic cellular communication to achieve this, that is, the ability of cells of different types to mutually influence cellular functions. Thus, co-culture systems using human cells are the methodological focus and will concern four exemplary fields of regeneration, namely, bone, soft tissue, lower respiratory tract and airway regeneration. The working hypothesis underlying this approach is that in vitro models of higher complexity will be more clinically relevant than simple monolayer cultures of transformed cell lines in testing innovative strategies with biomaterials for regeneration.
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| 1228. |
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| 1229. |
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| 1230. |
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