| 51. |
- Aronsen-Torp, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Somali Women's Experiences of Cooking and Meals after Immigration to Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - Melbourne : Taylor & Francis. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576. ; 20:2, s. 146-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article elucidates Somali women's experiences of cooking and meals after immigration to Sweden. Six Somali women participated in repeated focus group interviews. Content analysis of the interviews resulted in four themes: change in routines and content of the daily meals, changed experiences related to cooking and shopping for groceries, the social dimensions in food-related occupations, and change of identity and roles. According to the women, variety of factors related to their life in Sweden had led to changes in their food occupations and meals: environmental changes, societal factors and the fact that the women secured employment. Although their new focus on employment led to altered responsibility and time for the cooking, foodrelated occupations remained important for the creation of identity and the maintenance of the family. This study may inform the development of strategies to restrict the negative impacts of immigration on Somali women's health. Future research will increase understandings of the relationships between food-related occupations and women's roles, identity and health. © 2013 The Journal of Occupational Science Incorporated.
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| 52. |
- Arvidsson, Barbro, 1945-
(författare)
-
Group supervision in nursing care : a longitudinal study of psychiatric nurses' experiences and conceptions
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom hälso- och sjukvården betonas att vården ska ges utifrån ett patientorienterat sätt. Om sjuksköterskor skall kunna ge patienten god omvårdnad, måste de själva ha en god arbetssituation. Det blir allt vanligare att sjuksköterskor i arbetet utsätts för en mängd negativa psykiska påfrestningar, såsom hot och våld, som kan leda till stress. Stress kan också relateras till att sjuksköterskorna i sitt arbete ställs inför komplicerade etiska övervägande. Det är viktigt att få möjligheter att reflektera över vilka etiska principer och ställningstagande arbetet baseras på. En metod som möjliggör reflektion är grupphandledning i omvårdnad. Deltagarna i grupphandledning bör ha samma yrkesbakgrund och ledas av en utbildad handledare, som också har samma yrkesbakgrund, som de som deltager i handledning. I handledning reflekteras över genomförda omvårdnadssituationer utifrån frågor som Vad hände? Vilka etiska aspekter förekommer? Vad kan sjuksköterskan göra annorlunda om det händer igen? Det handlar om att genom reflektion undersöka hur sjuksköterskan agerar, gör bedömningar, tänker och känner i olika omvårdnadssituationer. I detta sammanhang kan hon/han få emotionell och teoretisk återkoppling, ges möjlighet att kritiskt granska och diskutera svåra ställningstaganden samt få alternativa handlingsmöjligheter. Det övergripande syftet med föreliggande studie var att granska och undersöka hur psykiatrisjuksköterskors professionella kompetens över tid förändrades genom grupphandledning i omvårdnad. Tre delstudier genomfördes. Undersökningsgruppen bestod av tolv psykiatrisjuksköterskor, fördelade på två grupper som erhöll handledning i omvårdnad under två år. Inför den första delstudien konstruerades två frågeformulär för att undersöka om deltagarna i grupphandledning upplevde trygghet, tillit och lärande under handledningssammankomsterna. Resultatet från delstudie 1 visar att psykiatrisjuksköterskorna i hög grad upplevde att handledningssammankomsterna karakteriserades av ett humanistiskt synsätt. Deltagarna upplevde stöd, hjälp och att man lyssnade på varandra samt att alla hade en inlevelseförmåga. Efter varje handledningssession skrevs dagbok över vad som hänt. Avsikten med dagboksanteckningarna var att få material som beskrev handledningssituationerna. En allmän kunskapsutvecklande handledningsmodell skapades av de i resultatet framtagna orden och formuleringarna. Handledningsmodellen kan användas vid uppbyggnad och genomförande av handledning och undervisning inom olika yrkesområden för att stimulera till ökad yrkesmässig utveckling. Delstudie 2 och 3 utgjordes av svar från intervjuer med deltagarna efter ett år och två år, under pågående handledning, samt fyra år efter avslutad grupphandledning i omvårdnad. Resultatet visar att psykiatrisjuksköterskorna kände ökad arbetstillfredsställelse. De förvärvade ökad kunskap och kompetens och fick förstärkt säkerhet i omvårdnadssituationer. Vidare uppfattade de att deras självförtroende ökat. Vid fyra årsuppföljningen framkom att psykiatrisjuksköterskornas yrkesidentitet hade förstärkts. De hade integrerat omvårdnadsperspektivet i det dagliga arbetet. Grupphandledning i omvårdnad bidrog till att deltagarna vidmakthöll styrka och hade kraft att fortsätta att arbeta. Psykiatrisjuksköterskorna önskade att grupphandledning i omvårdnad skulle utgöra en integrerad del i deras yrkesverksamhet. Efter avslutad handledning kvarstod känslan av gemenskap bland de som deltagit i handledning. I Sverige är omvårdnadsforskning på frammarsch och ger sjuksköterskor en god möjlighet till uppdatering och att bli mer avancerade och skickliga i sina uppgifter. Presenterade studie visar att grupphandledning i omvårdnad är ett sätt att få ökad medvetenhet om hur omvårdnadsforskningens resultat kan förklaras, tydliggöras och tillämpas. Grupphandledning i omvårdnad bör vara en naturlig del i sjuksköterskeutbildningen.
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| 53. |
- Arvidsson, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
-
Virtual Follow up After Distal Radius Fracture Surgery — Patient Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Patient Experience. - Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications. - 2374-3735 .- 2374-3743. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The majority of patients with a distal radius fracture (DRF) are elderly, a group known to experience difficulties with new technology, partly due to a low level of digital literacy. At the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, during the spring 2020, patients that underwent DRF surgery had regular follow-ups replaced by video calls from their surgeon and physiotherapist. Afterward, patients answered questionnaires regarding health and digital literacy and took part in semistructured interviews regarding the experience of the virtual follow-up. By systemic text condensation, 2 major categories were identified: (1) The video call—new, but surprisingly simple: All but 1 found it easier than expected, and (2) Video calls—the patient's choice: All but 1 patient preferred video calls to physical visits for follow-up. This is the first mixed methods study to assess patients’ experiences of digital follow-up after DRF surgery. This study indicates that digital follow-up was highly appreciated, even among patients with low levels of digital literacy. Digital technologies must be made suitable even for patients with inadequate levels of digital literacy. © The Author(s) 2023.
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| 54. |
- Arvidsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Sense-Making and Sense-Giving: Reaching Through the Smokescreen of Sustainability Disclosure in the Stock Market
- 2019
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Ingår i: Challenges in Managing Sustainable Business. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783319932668 - 9783319932651 ; , s. 77-109
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Financial analysts’ role as information intermediaries between management teams and investors is vital for the efficient allocation of resources on the stock market. The increased focus on sustainability information in corporate reports has affected financial analysts in their important work of interpreting, assessing and communicating value-added information to their clients, i.e. the investors. The challenges they face relate to the ambiguous nature of sustainability information and its difference from traditional financial information. How do analysts reach through this smokescreen? How do analysts make sense of sustainability information, and how do they give sense to this information when they provide investment advices to their investors? In this chapter, these challenges are addressed from a cognitive-frame perspective. We argue that the first part of 2000s was characterized by cognitive dissonance due to both a low social legitimacy and a low cognitive legitimacy, i.e. sustainability was not yet requested by the investors to be attended to and it was regarded too ambiguous to be relevant for being considered in a valuation context. In the latter part of 2010s, we argue that there is only a partial cognitive dissonance. At this time, sustainability information is beginning to be socially legitimate and requested by investors. However, the complexity of the situation remains. This type of information is still not considered as cognitive legitimate due to the ambiguous nature, which renders difficulties for the sense-making and sense-giving processes. The findings have implications not the least in the ongoing quest of developing frameworks, standards and legislation (e.g. the EU directive (2014/EU/95)), that opt for improving the relevance, credibility and comparability of sustainability information.
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| 55. |
- Asker-Árnason, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Picture-elicited written narratives, process and product, in 18 children with cochlear implants
- 2010
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Ingår i: Communication Disorders Quarterly. - Austin, TX : PRO-ED. - 1525-7401 .- 1538-4837. ; 31:4, s. 195-212
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to explore the narrative writing of 18 children, ages 11 to 19, with severe and profound hearing impairment who had cochlear implants (CI), compared with the performance of hearing children. Nine of the 18 children had prelingual deafness and 9 children had postlingual deafness. The hearing impairment was progressive in 11 children. The participants thus formed a heterogeneous group, which was split in two ways: according to age at testing and age at implantation. The narratives were collected by means of keystroke logging. The difference between the children with CI and the hearing children was most prominent for two measures: the percentage of pause time (in the group of children older than 13 years) and lexical density. Furthermore, the children implanted after 5 years of age performed more like the hearing children. This group consisted of children with postlingual deafness and also of children who were deafened progressively. Our interpretation is that these children benefited from the early linguistic input. Taking the whole group of participants into consideration, the results reflect linguistic and cognitive processing limitations in complex linguistic tasks like narration for the children with CI in comparison with their hearing peers.
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| 56. |
- Asker-Árnason, Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
Process and product in writing : A methodological contribution to the assessment of written narratives in 8-12 year old Swedish children using ScriptLog
- 2008
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Ingår i: Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. - Oslo : Scandinavian University Press. - 1401-5439 .- 1651-2022. ; 33:3, s. 143-152
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty-seven children, with typical language development (TLD), 8-10 years old and 10-12 years old, were assessed with keystroke-logging in order to investigate their narrative writing. Measures of the writing process and the written product were used. One purpose was to explore how children produce written narratives in on-line production, and to relate the writing process to the written product. The results showed that those children who produced the final text faster, also wrote stories that comprised of more words. In the group of older children, children with better narrative ability used less pause time than those with worse ability, and the girls were faster writers than the boys. We believe that keystroke-logging gives valuable information for the assessment of young children's writing and that it is a potentially valid assessment tool for children from about 10 years of age.
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| 57. |
- Asker-Árnason, Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
Spoken and written narratives in Swedish children and adolescents with hearing impairment
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Communication Disorders Quarterly. - : Sage Publications. - 1538-4837 .- 1525-7401. ; 33:3, s. 131-145
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty 10- to 18-year-old children and adolescents with varying degrees of hearing impairment (HI) and hearing aids (HA), ranging from mild-moderate to severe, produced picture-elicited narratives in a spoken and written version. Their performance was compared to that of 63 normally hearing (NH) peers within the same age span. The participants with HI and NH showed similar patterns regarding intragroup correlations between corresponding measures of spoken and written narratives. However, the participants with HI had significantly less diverse language than the NH group. The participants with poorer hearing (higher best ear hearing level [BEHL]) produced spoken and written narratives comprising more content words and they also produced written narratives that were less lexically diverse than the participants with better hearing (lower BEHL). The difference as to lexical skills emphasizes the importance of focusing on these skills in the group of children with HI. However, the results give support for a quite optimistic view on the development of narration in children with HI with HA, at least for picture-elicited narratives.
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| 58. |
- Atabaki Pasdar, Naeimeh, et al.
(författare)
-
Predicting and elucidating the etiology of fatty liver disease: A machine learning modeling and validation study in the IMI DIRECT cohorts
- 2020
-
Ingår i: PLoS Medicine. - San Francisco : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1549-1676 .- 1549-1277. ; 17:6, s. 1003149-1003149
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent and causes serious health complications in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). Early diagnosis of NAFLD is important, as this can help prevent irreversible damage to the liver and, ultimately, hepatocellular carcinomas. We sought to expand etiological understanding and develop a diagnostic tool for NAFLD using machine learning. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We utilized the baseline data from IMI DIRECT, a multicenter prospective cohort study of 3,029 European-ancestry adults recently diagnosed with T2D (n = 795) or at high risk of developing the disease (n = 2,234). Multi-omics (genetic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic) and clinical (liver enzymes and other serological biomarkers, anthropometry, measures of beta-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and lifestyle) data comprised the key input variables. The models were trained on MRI-image-derived liver fat content (
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| 59. |
- Athanassiou, N., et al.
(författare)
-
Simulation of thermal and mechanical performance of laser cladded disc brake rotors
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part J, journal of engineering tribology. - London : SAGE Publications Ltd. - 1350-6501 .- 2041-305X. ; 236:1, s. 3-14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disc brakes wear during braking events and release airborne particulates. These particle emissions are currently one of the highest contributors to non-exhaust particle emissions and introduce health hazards as well as environmental contamination. To reduce this problem, wear and corrosion-resistant disc coatings have been implemented on grey cast iron brake disc rotors by using various deposition techniques such as thermal spraying and overlay welding. High thermal gradients during braking introduce risks of flaking off and cracking of thermally sprayed coatings with adhesive bonding to the substrate. Overlay welding by laser cladding offers metallurgical bonding of the coating to the substrate and other benefits that motivate laser cladding as a candidate for the coating of the grey cast iron brake discs. This study aims to investigate the effect of laser cladding on the thermal and thermo-structural performance of the coated grey cast iron brake discs. Therefore, thermal and thermo-stress analysis with COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 software is performed on braking events of grey cast iron brake discs as non-coated – reference and laser cladding coated with stainless steel welding consumables. The Results demonstrated that surface temperatures were more localised, overall higher in the laser cladded coating with over three times the stresses attained of reference grey cast iron discs. The output of the simulations has been compared by tests found in the literature. Laser cladding presented higher reliability and braking performance, nonetheless requiring the evaluation of its thermal impact on other system components.
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| 60. |
- Attema, Joanne, et al.
(författare)
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Hematopoietic stem cell ageing is uncoupled from p16 INK4A-mediated senescence
- 2009
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 28:22, s. 2238-2243
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Somatic stem cells are ultimately responsible for mediating appropriate organ homeostasis and have therefore been proposed to represent a cellular origin of the ageing process-a state often characterized by inappropriate homeostasis. Specifically, it has been suggested that ageing stem cells might succumb to replicative senescence by a mechanism involving the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(INK4A). Here, we tested multiple functional and molecular parameters indicative of p16(INK4A) activity in primary aged murine hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). We found no evidence that replicative senescence accompanies stem cell ageing in vivo, and in line with p16(INK4A) being a critical determinant of such processes, most aged HSCs (>99%) failed to express p16(INK4A) at the mRNA level. Moreover, whereas loss of epigenetically guided repression of the INK4A/ARF locus accompanied replicative senescent murine embryonic fibroblasts, such repression was maintained in aged stem cells. Taken together, these studies indicate that increased senescence as mediated by the p16(INK4A) tumor suppressor has only a minor function as an intrinsic regulator of steady-state HSC ageing in vivo.
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