| 241. |
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| 242. |
- Lindén, Anders, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Bronchodilation by an inhaled VPAC(2) receptor agonist in patients with stable asthma
- 2003
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Ingår i: Thorax. - 0040-6376. ; 58:3, s. 217-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The synthetic vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) analogue Ro 25-1553 is a selective VIP-PACAP type 2 (VPAC(2)) receptor agonist that causes a bronchodilatory effect in guinea pigs in vivo. The effect of Ro 25-1553 given by inhalation to patients with asthma was studied and compared with that of a long acting beta(2) adrenoceptor agonist. METHODS: Twenty four patients with moderate stable asthma participated in a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, crossover study. The primary variable was bronchodilatory effect (increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 second, FEV(1)) after inhalation of Ro 25-1553 (100 microg or 600 microg) and formoterol (4.5 microg), respectively. Putative side effects were characterised by monitoring sitting blood pressure, serum potassium, electrocardiography and echocardiography. RESULTS: Inhalation of 600 microg Ro 25-1553 caused a rapid bronchodilatory effect (geometric mean increase in FEV(1) compared with placebo) within 3 minutes of 6% (95% CI 4 to 9), as did inhalation of formoterol (8% (95% CI 5 to 10)). The corresponding maximum bronchodilatory effect during 24 hours was similar for 600 microg Ro 25-1553 (7% (95% CI 4 to 10)) and the reference bronchodilator formoterol (10% (95% CI 7 to 12)). However, for both doses of Ro 25-1553 the bronchodilatory effect was attenuated 5 hours after inhalation whereas formoterol still had a bronchodilatory effect 12 hours after inhalation. Neither Ro 25-1553 nor formoterol produced any clinically relevant side effects. No drug related difference in adverse events was observed. CONCLUSION: Inhalation of a synthetic selective VPAC(2) receptor agonist constitutes a promising approach for bronchodilation in patients with asthma.
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| 243. |
- Lindgren Belal, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Automated quantification of PET/CT skeletal tumor burden in prostate cancer using artificial intelligence: The PET index
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089. ; 50:5, s. 1510-1520
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Consistent assessment of bone metastases is crucial for patient management and clinical trials in prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to develop a fully automated convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model for calculating PET/CT skeletal tumor burden in patients with PCa. Methods A total of 168 patients from three centers were divided into training, validation, and test groups. Manual annotations of skeletal lesions in -[F-18]fluoride PET/CT scans were used to train a CNN. The AI model was evaluated in 26 patients and compared to segmentations by physicians and to a SUV 15 threshold. PET index representing the percentage of skeletal volume taken up by lesions was estimated. Results There was no case in which all readers agreed on prevalence of lesions that the AI model failed to detect. PET index by the AI model correlated moderately strong to physician PET index (mean r = 0.69). Threshold PET index correlated fairly with physician PET index (mean r = 0.49). The sensitivity for lesion detection was 65-76% for AI, 68-91% for physicians, and 44-51% for threshold depending on which physician was considered reference. Conclusion It was possible to develop an AI-based model for automated assessment of PET/CT skeletal tumor burden. The model's performance was superior to using a threshold and provides fully automated calculation of whole-body skeletal tumor burden. It could be further developed to apply to different radiotracers. Objective scan evaluation is a first step toward developing a PET/CT imaging biomarker for PCa skeletal metastases.
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| 244. |
- Lovric, Jelena, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Nano Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Dopamine Distribution Across Nanometer Vesicles
- 2017
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-086X .- 1936-0851. ; 11:4, s. 3446-3455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report an approach to spatially resolve the content across nanometer neuroendocrine vesicles in nerve-like cells by correlating super high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging, NanoSIMS, with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, intracellular electrochemical cytometry at nanotip electrodes is used to count the number of molecules in individual vesicles to compare to imaged amounts in vesicles. Correlation between the NanoSIMS and TEM provides nanometer resolution of the inner structure of these organelles. Moreover, correlation with electrochemical methods provides a means to quantify and relate vesicle neurotransmitter content and release, which is used to explain the slow transfer of dopamine between vesicular compartments. These nanoanalytical tools reveal that dopamine loading/unloading between vesicular compartments, dense core and halo solution, is a kinetically limited process. The combination of NanoSIMS and TEM has been used to show the distribution profile of newly synthesized dopamine across individual vesicles. Our findings suggest that the vesicle inner morphology might regulate the neurotransmitter release event during open and closed exocytosis from dense core vesicles with hours of equilibrium needed to move significant amounts of catecholamine from the protein dense core despite its nanometer size.
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| 245. |
- Lu, W, et al.
(författare)
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Independent determination of In and N concentrations in GaInNAs alloys
- 2009
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Ingår i: Semiconductor Science and Technology. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6641 .- 0268-1242. ; 24:10, s. 105016-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and photoreflectance ( PR) spectroscopy were used to independently determine the In and N concentrations in GaInNAs alloys grown by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy (SSMBE). The lattice constant and bandgap energy can be expressed as two independent equations in terms of the In and N concentrations, respectively. The HRXRD measurement provided the lattice constant and the PR measurement extracted the bandgap energy. By simultaneously solving these two equations, we have determined the In and N concentrations with the error as small as 0.001.
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| 246. |
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| 247. |
- Lu, W, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability assessment and degradation analysis of 1.3 µm GaInNAs lasers
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 106:9, s. 093110-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The degradation of 1.3 mu m GaInNAs lasers was investigated using accelerated aging tests. This was followed by comprehensive characterization, including standard light-current-voltage (L-I-V) characterization, capacitance measurements, photoluminescence microscopy (PLM), on-axis amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectra measurements, and photocurrent (PC) and electroluminescence (EL) spectroscopies. The slope efficiency of the device dropped by 50% with a 300% increase in the threshold current after the accelerated aging test. The ideality factors of the aged devices are higher than those of the unaged devices. PLM images showed no evidence of catastrophic optical mirror damage. The measured capacitances of the aged devices are all similar to those of the unaged devices, indicating that there was no significant dopant diffusion in the junction region. Fourier transforms of the ASE spectra showed that no intracavity defects were present in the aged lasers, suggesting that intracavity defects are not responsible for the rapid degradation of the aged devices. Although the PC measurements showed defects at 0.88-0.95 eV and at similar to 0.76 eV, these defect signatures did not increase with aging. On the other hand, EL measurements revealed that radiative deep level defects were generated during the aging tests. which may be related to the degradation of the devices. Based on the above measurement results, we identify, the generation Of radiative deep level defects as the main causes of degradation of these devices.
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| 248. |
- Löf, Liza, et al.
(författare)
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Flow Cytometric Measurement of Blood Cells with BCR-ABL1 Fusion Protein in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized in the majority of cases by a t(9;22)(q34;q11) translocation, also called the Philadelphia chromosome, giving rise to the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. Current treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is directed against the constitutively active ABL1 domain of the fusion protein, and minimal residual disease (MRD) after therapy is monitored by real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) of the fusion transcript. Here, we describe a novel approach to detect and enumerate cells positive for the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein by combining the in situ proximity ligation assay with flow cytometry as readout (PLA-flow). By targeting of the BCR and ABL1 parts of the fusion protein with one antibody each, and creating strong fluorescent signals through rolling circle amplification, PLA-flow allowed sensitive detection of cells positive for the BCR-ABL1 fusion at frequencies as low as one in 10,000. Importantly, the flow cytometric results correlated strongly to those of RQ-PCR, both in diagnostic testing and for MRD measurements over time. In summary, we believe this flow cytometry-based method can serve as an attractive approach for routine measurement of cells harboring BCR-ABL1 fusions, also allowing simultaneously assessment of other cell surface markers as well as sensitive longitudinal follow-up.
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