| 1. |
- Guo, Xiao-Hua, et al.
(författare)
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Advanced glycation end products induce actin rearrangement and subsequent hyperpermeability of endothelial cells
- 2006
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Ingår i: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0463 .- 0903-4641. ; 114:12, s. 874-883
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to determine the effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on endothelial cytoskeleton morphology and permeability, and to detect the underlying signaling mechanisms involved in these responses. Cultured endothelial cells (ECs) were exposed to AGE-modified human serum albumin (AGE-HSA), and EC cytoskeletal changes were evaluated by observing fluorescence of F-actin following ligation with labeled antibodies. Endothelial permeability was detected by measuring the flux of TRITC-albumin across the EC monolayers. To explore the signaling pathways behind AGE-induced EC alteration, ECs were treated with either soluble anti-AGE receptor (RAGE) IgG, or the MAPK inhibitors PD98059 and SB203580 before AGE-HSA administration. To further elucidate possible involvement of the ERK and p38 pathways in AGE-induced EC changes, adenovirus-carried recombinant constitutive dominant-negative forms of upstream ERK and p38 kinases, namely MEK1(A) and MKK6b(A), were pre-infected into ECs 24 h prior to AGE-HSA exposure. AGE-HSA induced actin cytoskeleton rearrangement, as well as EC hyperpermeability, in a dose and time-dependent manner. The effects were attenuated in cells pretreated with anti-RAGE IgG, PD98059 or SB203580, respectively. EC pre-infection with MEK1(A) and MKK6b(A) also alleviated the effect of AGEs. Furthermore, adenovirus-mediated administration of activated forms of either MEK1 or MKK6b alone induced rearrangement of F-actin and hyperpermeability. The results indicate that ERK and p38 MAPK play important roles in the mediation of AGE-induced EC barrier dysfunction associated with morphological changes of the F-actin.
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| 2. |
- Song, Jun, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis method of the effect of fabrication errors on a planar waveguide demultiplexer
- 2006
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Ingår i: Optical and quantum electronics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0306-8919 .- 1572-817X. ; 38:15, s. 1203-1216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of fabrication errors on a planar waveguide demultiplexer is analyzed based on an analytical method. The explicit expression of the transfer function taking into account phase and amplitude errors is presented in order to analyze the loss and crosstalk of the demultiplexer caused by fabrication errors. A basic requirement for the demultiplexer with a certain crosstalk criterion can be easily obtained. Using an etched diffraction grating demultiplexer as an example, it is shown that the analytical results have a good agreement with results from a numerical method.
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| 3. |
- Song, Jun, et al.
(författare)
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Echelle grating demultiplexers with reduced return loss by using chirped diffraction order design
- 2006
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Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 18:14, s. 1506-1508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A design for echelle grating demultiplexers is presented to reduce the return loss. The input waveguide is placed on the minimal intensity position of the diffraction envelope. Then, by further chirping the diffraction order for each facet, we minimize the envelope intensity for other adjacent diffraction orders, which can contribute to a negligible return loss for a large spectral width. The present design is appropriate for multifrequency laser or multistage demultiplexer applications.
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| 4. |
- Song, Jun, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of surface roughness on the performance of an etched diffraction grating demultiplexer
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science, and Vision. - 1084-7529. ; 23:3, s. 646-650
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fabrication tolerance of surface roughness on the performance [such as the insertion loss, the polarization-dependent loss (PDL), and the chromatic dispersion] of an etched diffraction grating demultiplexer is analyzed by using an accurate method of moments. The results show that both the insertion loss and the chromatic dispersion rapidly increase as the roughness of the grating facets increases. Appropriate residual roughness of the shaded facets can reduce the PDL of the demultiplexer, and the mechanism for the existence of an optimal residual roughness is explained.
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| 5. |
- Song, Jun, et al.
(författare)
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Etched diffraction grating demultiplexers with large free-spectral range and large grating facets
- 2006
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Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 18:24, s. 2695-2697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A design for etched diffraction grating demultiplexers is presented to obtain both large grating facets and a larger free-spectral range (FSR) using the optimal chirped diffraction orders for different facets. The large grating facets by using a large diffraction order contribute to lowering the manufacturing difficulty, and can provide lower polarization-dependent loss. However, usually the large diffraction order must lower the FSR of the device by all means. Based on the present design, the FSR can overlay the whole diffraction envelop for a special order, but avoid the influence of the adjacent diffraction envelops. Calculations indicate that the extinction ratio between the operated order and adjacent orders can attain a 35 dB or so, which makes the crosstalk from channels in adjacent envelops to those in the operated diffraction envelop acceptable.
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| 6. |
- Song, Jun, et al.
(författare)
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Sidelobe suppression design of etched diffraction grating demultiplexers using optimized air trenches in front of each output waveguide
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science, and Vision. - 1084-7529. ; 23:10, s. 2645-2649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An etched diffraction grating (EDG) demultiplexer with high sidelobe suppression is designed. Sidelobes resulting from two adjacent wavelengths are suppressed by etching two optimized rectangular air trenches in front of each output waveguide that can induce large resonance loss in the adjacent wavelength but have little influence on the operational wavelength. The designed EDG demultiplexer can suppress crosstalk to less than 50 dB in theory.
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| 7. |
- Wu, CP, et al.
(författare)
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Immunohistochemical localization of programmed death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1) in gastric carcinoma and its clinical significance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Histochemica. - : Elsevier BV. - 0065-1281. ; 108:1, s. 19-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study examined programmed death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1) detected by immunohistochemical. labeling in 102 cases of human gastric carcinoma, 10 adenoma and 10 normal tissues. The relationship between PD-L1 immunolocalization and clinical pathological features, as well as the prognosis of gastric carcinoma, was explored. There was no PD-L1 detectable in normal gastric tissues and very weak immunolabeling in gastric adenomas, but it could be detected in 42.2% of gastric carcinoma tissues. There was no correlation between PD-L1 immunolocalization and patient age, sex, tumor location or the degree of tumor differentiation in the gastric carcinomas. However, PD-L1 immunodetection was significantly correlated to tumor size, invasion, lymph node metastasis and survival time of patients. PD-L1 immunolabeling was significantly enhanced (P<0.01) when the tumor infiltrated into the deep muscular layers, with lymph node metastasis or survival time of less than 2 years, Moreover, multivariate analysis demonstrated that PD-L1 immunodetection could be used as an independent factor to evaluate the prognosis of gastric carcinoma. (C) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Xu, X., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury on Apolipoprotein M Expression in the Liver
- 2006
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Ingår i: Transplantation Proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0041-1345. ; 38:9, s. 2769-2773
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigated the expression pattern of apolipoprotein M (apoM) mRNA in a rat model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Animals were ischemic for I hour followed by various reperfusion times. As expected, serum alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly increased under IRI, which indicated the severity of liver injury. Hepatic mRNA levels of HSP70, which is the most common characterized protein within the family of heat-shock proteins (HSP), were significantly increased after 0.5 to 3 hours of IRI. Plasma Greactive protein, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and lipoprotein (a) levels were significantly increased after 1-hour ischemia followed by 0.5 to 3 hours of reperfusion. Interestingly, similar to HSP70, apoM mRNA levels in the liver were gradually increased after 0.5 to 3 hours of IRI, whereas it returned to a lower level after 6 or 24 hours of IRI, which indicated that hepatic apoM expression was significantly influenced by the acute phase of IRI. However, plasma apoM levels were not increased in parallel, even slightly decreasing after 0.5 or I hour of IRI. We concluded that apoM mRNA expression pattern, like HSP70, in the liver showed rapid, significant changes during hepatic local IRI.
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| 9. |
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