| 11. |
- Schölin, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Islet antibodies and remaining beta-cell function 8 years after diagnosis of diabetes in young adults : a prospective follow-up of the nationwide Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 255:3, s. 384-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ObjectivesTo establish the prevalence of remaining β-cell function 8 years after diagnosis of diabetes in young adults and relate the findings to islet antibodies at diagnosis and 8 years later.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingNationwide from all Departments of Medicine and Endocrinology in Sweden.SubjectsA total of 312 young (15–34 years old) adults diagnosed with diabetes during 1987–88.Main outcome measurePlasma connecting peptide (C-peptide) 8 years after diagnosis. Preserved β-cell function was defined as measurable C-peptide levels. Three islet antibodies – cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and tyrosine phosphatase antibodies – were measured.ResultsAmongst 269 islet antibody positives (ab+) at diagnosis, preserved β-cell function was found in 16% (42/269) 8 years later and these patients had a higher body mass index (median 22.7 and 20.5 kg m−2, respectively; P = 0.0003), an increased frequency of one islet antibody (50 and 24%, respectively; P = 0.001), and a lower prevalence of ICA (55 and 6%, respectively; P = 0.007) at diagnosis compared with ab+ without remaining β-cell function. Amongst the 241 patients without detectable β-cell function at follow-up, 14 lacked islet antibodies, both at diagnosis and at follow-up.ConclusionsSixteen per cent of patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes had remaining β-cell function 8 years after diagnosis whereas 5.8% with β-cell failure lacked islet autoimmunity, both at diagnosis and at follow-up.
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| 12. |
- Schölin, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Normal weight promotes remission and low number of islet antibodies prolong the duration of remission in Type 1 diabetes
- 2004
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 21:5, s. 447-455
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim To identify clinical, immunological and biochemical factors that predict remission, and its duration in a large cohort of young adults with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods In Sweden, 362 patients (15–34 years), classified as Type 1 DM were included in a prospective, nation-wide population-based study. All patients were followed at local hospitals for examination of HbA1c and insulin dosage over a median period after diagnosis of 5 years. Duration of remission, defined as an insulin maintenance dose ≤ 0.3 U/kg/24 h and HbA1c within the normal range, was analysed in relation to characteristics at diagnosis.Results Remissions were seen in 43% of the patients with a median duration of 8 months (range 1–73). Sixteen per cent had a remission with a duration > 12 months. Among patients with antibodies (ab+), bivariate analysis suggested that adult age, absence of low BMI, high plasma C-peptide concentrations, lack of ketonuria or ketoacidosis at diagnosis and low insulin dose at discharge from hospital were associated with a high possibility of achieving remission. Multiple regression showed that normal weight (BMI of 20–24.9 kg/m2) was the only factor that remained significant for the possibility of entering remission. In survival analysis among ab+ remitters, a low number of islet antibodies, one or two instead of three or four, were associated with a long duration of remissions.Conclusion In islet antibody-positive Type 1 DM, normal body weight was the strongest factor for entering remission, whilst a low number of islet antibodies was of importance for the duration.
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| 13. |
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Mediernas kulturhistoria
- 2008. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Historiska diskussioner om medier har länge dominerats av olika framstegsberättelser. Mediehistoriens mening tycks här bero på vad den pekar fram emot. Om kilskriften kulminerar i Gutenbergs tryckpress, når Turingmaskinen följaktligen sin höjdpunkt i Apples senaste gränssnitt. Men vid varje tidpunkt i historien finns ett vidsträckt medielandskap som väntar på att utforskas. Den här boken är ett bidrag till mediernas kulturhistoria. Med utgångspunkt i ett brett mediebegrepp belyser den massmedier som teve, film och internet, men också äldre medieformer som skriften, posten och ornamentik. En rad olika mediepraktiker lyfts fram från skriftkulturens administrativa förändring av statsapparaten kring 1700, över marknadsföringen av konfektyr med hjälp av kändisar runt förra sekelskiftet, till dagens realtidsövervakning med skärmbildsteknologier. Boken argumenterar för att det är först när medier betraktas i sin historiska specificitet som det blir möjligt att föra mer övergripande resonemang om hur relationer mellan medier och kultur skiftar över tid och rum. Gamla medier var en gång nya. De vittnade om ett levande förflutet och en osäker
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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Mediehistoriska vändningar
- 2014
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sedan sekelskiftet 2000 har det talats om en medial vändning inom framför allt humanvetenskaperna. För till exempel litteraturvetenskapens del har det handlat om en fokusförflyttning från estetiken till historiska medieanalyser av sådant som läs- och skrivpraktiker, och motsvarande intresseförskjutningar kan avläsas inom andra discipliner. I en svensk kontext har det rentav hävdats att medie- och kommunikationsvetenskapen håller på att förgås i en ”revirstrid som är så brutal att den knappt märks”. För inom vilka discipliner sysslar man numera inte med mediefrågor? Och vilket är då medievetenskapens specifika bidrag? Å andra sidan kanske medie- och kommunikationsvetenskapen själv genomgår ett slags medial vändning och rör sig bort från vad som dominerat ämnet: innehållsanalyser av journalistik utifrån ett ganska snävt demokrati- och politikperspektiv, vilka egentligen inte varit särskilt upptagna med specifika medieringsfrågor. En sådan rörelse, även internationellt, kan möjligen skönjas i de senaste årens diskussioner kring begreppet medialisering.Den kulturhistoriska medieforskningen har under de två senaste decennierna vuxit fram i kölvattnet av den kulturella vändningen inom de historiska vetenskaperna. Fältet kännetecknas av en nyorientering såväl empiriskt som teoretiskt, så till exempel utgångspunkten i ett bredare mediebegrepp och en fokus på mediernas inbördes relationer och på materiellt handfast mediering (snarare än friare svävande representationer). Mediehistoria kan inte längre vara en samling monomediala historier som beskriver olika mediers utveckling på ett linjärt sätt, utan ett fält som i hög grad betonar inter- och multimedialitet. Relationen mellan gamla och nya medier behöver problematiseras och vår egen tids digitaliseringsprocess historiseras.
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| 16. |
- Bjerg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Shorter time to clinical decision in work-related asthma using a digital tool
- 2020
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Ingår i: ERJ open research. - Lausanne, Switzerland : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 2312-0541. ; 6:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PEF curves are a useful but cumbersome tool in diagnosing work-related asthma. Using a digital spirometer and smartphone app, time to clinical decision could be shortened by 6-7 weeks. Physician's time spent analysing PEF data is also shortened.
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| 17. |
- Serenius, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Extremely Preterm Infants at 2.5 Years After Active Perinatal Care in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0029-7828 .- 1533-9866. ; 68:12, s. 781-783
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A proactive approach to the care of extremely preterm infants has increased survival and lowered the gestational age of viability, but these improvements may be associated with later neurodevelopmental disability. EXPRESS is a national population-based prospective study of all infants born alive or stillborn at less than 27 weeks’ gestation between 2004 and 2007 in Sweden. This prospective follow-up study was undertaken to assess neurologic and developmental outcome of the EXPRESS cohort at 2.5 years corrected age compared with a matched control group born at term.Of 707 live-born infants, 497 (70%) survived to corrected age 2.5 years; the final cohort included 491 children. Each preterm child was matched with 2 control subjects at 2.5 years chronological age. Cognitive, language, and motor development were assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley III). Cerebral palsy (CP), visual and hearing disability, and a composite outcome of overall disabilities were assessed. The overall outcome was characterized as no, mild, moderate, and severe disability.Of 415 infants assessed with clinical examinations, 399, 393, and 382, respectively, completed the Bayley III cognitive, language, and motor scales; 366 control children were assessed with Bayley III. The mean composite cognitive, language, and motor scores for children in the preterm and control groups were 94 ± 12 and 104 ± 11, respectively (P < 0.001), 98 ± 17 and 109 ± 12 (P < 0.001), respectively, and 94 ± 16 and 107 ± 14 (P < 0.001), respectively. Normal cognitive development or mild cognitive disability was found in 354 preterm children (88.8%) and 364 control children (99.5%). Moderate or severe cognitive disability was present in 20 preterm children (5.0%) and 1 control child (0.3%) (P < 0.001) and in 25 (6.3%) and 1 (0.3%), respectively (P < 0.001). Normal language development or mild language disability was found in 330 children (83.9%) in the preterm group and with 351 (97.5%) in the control group (all group comparisons, P < 0.001). Normal motor development or mild motor disability occurred in 324 (84.8%) and 348 (98.6%) of children in the preterm and control groups, respectively. Moderate or severe mental developmental delay was seen in 88 and 10 children (20% and 2.8%), respectively (P < 0.001).In the preterm group, Bayley III cognitive, language, and motor scores increased with advancing gestational age at birth by 2.5 points (99% confidence interval [CI], 1.0–4.0) per week (P < 0.001), by 3.6 points (99% CI, 1.6–5.6) per week (P < 0.001), and by 2.5 points (99% CI, 0.5–4.5) per week scores (P = 0.001), respectively. Cerebral palsy was present in 32 preterm children (7.0%; 99% CI, 3.9–10.1%). Of 456 preterm children, 42.1% were classified as normal, 30.7% as having mild disabilities, and 27.2% as having moderate or severe disabilities (vs 78.1%, 18.6%, 3.3% of control subjects, respectively; P < 0.001 for all comparisons). The proportion of children with mild or no disabilities increased from 40% at 22 weeks to 83% at 26 weeks (P < 0.001 for trend). Moderate or severe disabilities decreased from 60% at 22 weeks to 17% at 26 weeks (P < 0.001 for trend).The impact of prematurity on neurodevelopmental outcome indicates that further improvements in neonatal care are necessary. Although preterm children had poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes than those born at term, 73% had no or mild disability, and neurodevelopmental outcome improved with each week of gestational age. These results are relevant for clinicians counseling couples facing extremely preterm birth of their infant
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Berglund, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Linking Education and Research : A Roadmap for Higher Education Institutions at the Dawn of the Knowledge Society
- 2019
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Ingår i: Linking education and research. - Basel, Switzerland : MDPI. ; , s. 11-33
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In an era characterized by a move towards a “knowledge society”, universities are central in fostering “knowledgeability”, that is the reflexive understanding of knowledge in knowledge societies. The objective of “knowledgeability” can be met through creating a stronger link between education and research. Furthermore, overall student performance, for example in critical thinking and problem solving, can be improved if research-related activities are incorporated into the curriculum.The aim of this paper is to use international examples to discuss the research- education nexus from four different perspectives, namely context, policy, implementation and quality, with case studies from higher education institutions in Singapore and Sweden.We suggest that different integrative technologies can be used to enhance the links, but it will be essential to consider the inputs of training, service and support in using new technology. Interestingly, the act of evaluating the link between education and research will increase awareness of this linkage by stakeholders involved in both education and research. In turn the link can be strengthened, contributing to increased quality in both education and research.
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| 20. |
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När förvaltning blir business : marknadiseringens utmaningar för demokratin och välfärdsstaten
- 2013
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att företag bedriver vård, omsorg och andra verksamheter på det offentligas uppdrag är idag en del av vår vardag. Den svenska förvaltningen har förändrats och blivit alltmer business.I den här boken väcker forskare från flera lärosäten frågor och uppmuntrar till fortsatt diskussion på detta tema. Vi tar upp vad marknadisering, konkurrensutsättning och privatisering betyder för den svenska demokratin och förvaltningsmodellen. Hur står det till med politikens möjligheter till styrning? Vad händer med synen på medborgarskapet? Finns det till exempel vinnare och förlorare? Finns det en framtid för förvaltningen som business?
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