| 1771. |
- Lin, Queran, et al.
(författare)
-
Hypertension in stroke survivors and associations with national premature stroke mortality : data for 2·5 million participants from multinational screening campaigns
- 2022
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Global Health. - 2214-109X. ; 10:8, s. 1141-1149
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Blood pressure control has a pivotal role in reducing the incidence and recurrence of stroke. May Measurement Month (MMM), which was initiated in 2017 by the International Society of Hypertension, is the largest global blood pressure screening campaign. We aim to compare MMM participants with and without a previous history of stroke and to investigate associations between national-level estimates of blood pressure management from MMM and premature stroke mortality. Methods: In this annual, global, cross-sectional survey, more than 2·5 million volunteers (≥18 years) from 92 countries were screened in May, 2017, and May, 2018. Three seated blood pressure readings and demographic, lifestyle, and cardiovascular disease data were collected. Associations between risk factors and stroke history were analysed with mixed-effects logistic regression, and associations between national-level estimates of blood pressure management and premature stroke mortality based on Global Burden of Disease data were investigated with linear regression. Findings: 2 222 399 (88·4%) of 2 515 365 participants had recorded data on a history of stroke, of whom 62 639 (2·8%) reported a previous stroke. Participants with a history of stroke had higher rates of hypertension (77·0% vs 32·9%, p<0·0001) and of treated (90·2% vs 57·0%, p<0·0001) and controlled (55·9% vs 32·4%, p<0·0001) hypertension than those without a history of stroke. A third of participants with a history of stroke had either untreated hypertension or treated but uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg). Strong positive associations were found between national premature stroke mortality and mean systolic blood pressure (84·3 [95% CI 38·8 to 129·9] years of life lost [YLL] per 100 000 people per mm Hg increase) and the percentage of participants with raised blood pressure (49·1 [22·6 to 75·6] YLL per 100 000 people per 1% increase). Strong negative associations were found between national premature stroke mortality and the percentage of participants with hypertension on treatment (−21·0 [−33·0 to −8·9] YLL per 100 000 people per 1% increase) and with controlled blood pressure (−31·6 [−43·8 to −19·4] YLL per 100 000 people per 1% increase). Interpretation: Blood pressure control remains suboptimal worldwide among people with a history of stroke. National estimates of blood pressure management reflect national premature stroke mortality sufficiently to prompt policy makers to promote blood pressure screening and management. Funding: International Society of Hypertension and Servier Pharmaceuticals.
|
|
| 1772. |
- Lind, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
-
Childhood screening for type 1 diabetes comparing automated multiplex Antibody Detection by Agglutination-PCR (ADAP) with single plex islet autoantibody radiobinding assays
- 2024
-
Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier. - 2352-3964. ; 104
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundTwo or more autoantibodies against either insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), islet antigen-2 (IA-2A) or zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A) denote stage 1 (normoglycemia) or stage 2 (dysglycemia) type 1 diabetes prior to stage 3 type 1 diabetes. Automated multiplex Antibody Detection by Agglutination-PCR (ADAP) assays in two laboratories were compared to single plex radiobinding assays (RBA) to define threshold levels for diagnostic specificity and sensitivity.MethodsIAA, GADA, IA-2A and ZnT8A were analysed in 1504 (54% females) population based controls (PBC), 456 (55% females) doctor's office controls (DOC) and 535 (41% females) blood donor controls (BDC) as well as in 2300 (48% females) patients newly diagnosed (1–10 years of age) with stage 3 type 1 diabetes. The thresholds for autoantibody positivity were computed in 100 10-fold cross-validations to separate patients from controls either by maximizing the χ2-statistics (chisq) or using the 98th percentile of specificity (Spec98). Mean and 95% CI for threshold, sensitivity and specificity are presented.FindingsThe ADAP ROC curves of the four autoantibodies showed comparable AUC in the two ADAP laboratories and were higher than RBA. Detection of two or more autoantibodies using chisq showed 0.97 (0.95, 0.99) sensitivity and 0.94 (0.91, 0.97) specificity in ADAP compared to 0.90 (0.88, 0.95) sensitivity and 0.97 (0.94, 0.98) specificity in RBA. Using Spec98, ADAP showed 0.92 (0.89, 0.95) sensitivity and 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) specificity compared to 0.89 (0.77, 0.86) sensitivity and 1.00 (0.99, 1.00) specificity in the RBA. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were higher in PBC compared to DOC and BDC.InterpretationADAP was comparable in two laboratories, both comparable to or better than RBA, to define threshold levels for two or more autoantibodies to stage type 1 diabetes.
|
|
| 1773. |
- Lind, Anne-Li, et al.
(författare)
-
Affinity Proteomics Applied to Patient CSF Identifies Protein Profiles Associated with Neuropathic Pain and Fibromyalgia
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective: Today, there are no biological tests on which to base pain diagnoses, treatment choices or to understand the biological processes underlying and accompanying chronic pain for the individual pain patient. Relevant biological markers would greatly aid in diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic pain. Our study aimed to find proteins in CSF associated with fibromyalgia and neuropathic pain, two common and poorly understood chronic pain conditions.Methods: We have performed CSF protein profiling of 55 proteins using a 100-plex antibody suspension bead array. We collected, analyzed and compared CSF samples from 25 patients with neuropathic pain (two independent sets, n=14 patients for discovery and n=11 for verification), 40 patients with fibromyalgia and 135 controls without neurological disease from two different populations.Results: We found significant differences in CSF protein levels between patients and controls (p<0.05). Among these proteins, Apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) was found to be increased in CSF of neuropathic pain patients compared to controls and there was a non-significant trend for increased levels also in fibromyalgia patient CSF. Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase (ENPP2, Autotaxin) was increased in the CSF of fibromyalgia patients compared to all other groups including neuropathic pain patients. Multivariate analysis revealed partially overlapping and partially distinct CSF profiles in neuropathic pain patients compared with fibromyalgia and controls for several other proteins including angiotensinogen (AGT), prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase (PTGDS), neurexin-1 (NRXN1), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3).Conclusions: Our results, suggest that the CSF protein profiles of neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia patients may be different from each other and from those of controls. CSF levels of APOC1, ENPP2, AGT, PTGDS, NRXN1, SOD1 and SOD3 should be further investigated for their potential to serve as biomarkers of different kinds of pain pathophysiology.
|
|
| 1774. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
EpiHealth : a large population-based cohort study for investigation of gene-lifestyle interactions in the pathogenesis of common diseases
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 28:2, s. 189-197
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The most common diseases affecting middle-aged and elderly subjects in industrialized countries are multigenetic and lifestyle related. Several attempts have been made to study interactions between genes and lifestyle factors, but most such studies lack the power to examine interactions between several genes and several lifestyle components. The primary objective of the EpiHealth cohort study is to provide a resource to study interactions between several genotypes and lifestyle factors in a large cohort (the aim is 300,000 individuals) derived from the Swedish population in the age range of 45-75 years regarding development of common degenerative disorders, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, dementia, joint pain, obstructive lung disease, depression, and osteoporotic fractures. The study consists of three parts. First, a collection of data on lifestyle factors by self-assessment using an internet-based questionnaire. Second, a visit to a test center where blood samples are collected and physiological parameters recorded. Third, the sample is followed for occurrence of outcomes using nationwide medical registers. This overview presents the study design and some baseline characteristics from the first year of data collection in the EpiHealth study.
|
|
| 1775. |
- Lind, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Obesity is associated with coronary artery stenosis independently of metabolic risk factors : the population-based SCAPIS study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 362, s. 1-10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Previous studies reported divergent results on whether metabolically healthy obesity is associated with increased coronary artery calcium and carotid plaques. We investigated this in a cross-sectional fashion in a large, well-defined, middle-aged population using coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and carotid ultrasound. Methods: In the SCAPIS study (50–65 years, 51% female), CCTA and carotid artery ultrasound were performed in 23,674 individuals without clinical atherosclerotic disease. These subjects were divided into six groups according to BMI (normal weight, overweight, obese) and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to the NCEP consensus criteria. Results: The severity of coronary artery stenosis was increased in individuals with obesity without MetS compared to normal-weight individuals without MetS (OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.34–1.62; p < 0.0001), even after adjusting for non-HDL-cholesterol and several lifestyle factors. Such difference was not observed for the presence of carotid artery plaques (OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.87–1.02; p = 0.11). Obese or overweight individuals without any MetS criteria (except the waist criterion) showed significantly more pronounced stenosis in the coronary arteries as compared to the normal-weight individuals, while one criterion was needed to show increased plaque prevalence in the carotid arteries. High blood pressure was the most important single criterion for increased atherosclerosis in this respect. Conclusions: Individuals with obesity without MetS showed increased severity of coronary artery stenosis, but no increased occurrence of carotid artery plaques compared to normal-weight individuals without MetS, further emphasizing that obesity is not a benign condition even in the absence of MetS.
|
|
| 1776. |
- Lindaräng, Ingemar, 1938-
(författare)
-
Helgonbruk i moderniseringstider : Bruket av Birgitta- och Olavstraditionerna i samband med minnesfiranden i Sverige och Norge 1891–2005
- 2007
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Avhandlingen syftar till att jämföra och förstå variationen av historiebruk i samband med minnesfiranden av heliga Birgitta i Sverige och hellig Olav i Norge med fokus på olika aktörers motiv, resurser, budskap och identitetsskapande processer i en tid av modernisering och sekularisering.Under den katolska medeltiden var helgonfiranden vanliga, men de förbjöds i samband med reformationen. I slutet av 1800-talet, samtidigt med omvandligen av de båda länderna till moderna industri-samhällen, väcktes återigen intresset för dessa helgonfiranden. Det var bland annat liberala rörelser som brukade helgonen för att förankra de förändringsprocesser, som man ville göra, i historien. Heliga Birgitta användes i Sverige av kvinnorörelsen som en medeltida förebild i kampen för ökat inflytande i samhälle. Hellig Olav blev under samma tid i Norge en symbol för nationell självständighet i kampen för upplösning av unionen med Sverige. För den katolska kyrkan, som under 1800-talet åter fick verka i de båda protestantiska länderna, blev bruken av heliga Birgitta och hellig Olav en historisk länk till medeltidens kyrka och för att därigenom legitimera sin verksamhet, medan de lutherska kyrkorna tog avstånd från dessa firanden.I avhandlingen följs utvecklingen av dessa minnesfiranden i relation till samhällsförändringarna. På 1920-talet väcktes även de lutherska kyrkornas och det offentliga samhällets intresse för Birgitta- och Olavjubileer. Genom det ekumeniska genombrottet på 1970-talet och kyrkornas ökade engagemang i sociala och kulturella frågor efter Andra Vatikankonciliet blev jubileerna arenor då den ekumeniska gemenskapen och kulturella öppenheten synliggjordes vilket bidrog till att bredda intresset för dessa firanden. Detta förstärktes i tiden kring sekelskiftet 2000 samtidigt som engagemanget från det offent-liga samhället och kommersiella aktörer ökade.Författaren ser utvecklingen av dessa jubileer som uttryck för olika identitetsprocesser. Hellig Olavs roll som en nationell symbol har varit mycket tydlig medan heliga Birgitta framför allt symboli-serat Sveriges internationella roll. Orter som varit viktiga i helgonberättelserna har brukat helgontradi-tionerna i lokala identitetsprocesser vilket allt mer betonats genom turismens ökade betydelse. Jubile-erna har även öppnat för individuella identitetsprocesser med helgonen som religiösa förebilder. För kvinnorörelser har heliga Birgitta genomgående under åren framförts som en viktig förebild.I avhandlingen diskuteras även hur det ökade intresset för firanden av heliga Birgitta och hellig Olav förhåller sig till teorin om den ökade sekulariseringen i det moderna samhället. Med stöd av religionssociologisk forskning diskuteras detta samband. En religiös pluralism kan öka det religiösa utbudet och därmed även ”konsumtionen” av religion. Många kombinerar även det moderna samhällets rationalitet med irrationella föreställningar och upplevelser.
|
|
| 1777. |
- Lindberg, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
-
Serum sialic acid and sialoglycoproteins in asymptomatic carotid artery atherosclerosis. ARIC Investigators. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - 1879-1484. ; 146:1, s. 65-69
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum total sialic acid (S-TSA) is a recently identified risk marker for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of three sialic acid rich glycoproteins (orosomucoid, haptoglobin, and alpha1-antitrypsin) on the relationship between S-TSA and carotid atherosclerosis. The mean S-TSA was 0.045 g/l higher among cases than controls (P<0.001) in 310 45-64 year-old male and female pairs of carotid atherosclerosis cases and disease-free controls from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Also mean serum levels of the glycoproteins were significantly higher in cases compared to controls. In a conditional multiple logistic regression model with the glycoproteins as independent variables, orosomucoid was correlated most strongly with case control status. However, when incorporated into the mathematical model, S-TSA not only contributed additional information as to the risk of atherosclerosis; none of the three glycoproteins contributed further once S-TSA had been accounted for. Thus, some other source of serum sialic acid or variations in the degree of sialylation of glycoproteins may be essential for understanding the relation between S-TSA and atherosclerosis.
|
|
| 1778. |
|
|
| 1779. |
- Lindberg, Johan, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of infliximab on mRNA expression profiles in synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362 .- 1478-6354. ; 8:6, s. R179-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the gene expression profiles in arthroscopic biopsies retrieved from 10 rheumatoid arthritis patients before and after anti-TNF treatment with infliximab to investigate whether such profiles can be used to predict responses to the therapy, and to study effects of the therapy on the profiles. Responses to treatment were assessed using European League Against Rheumatism response criteria. Three patients were found to be good responders, five patients to be moderate responders and two patients to be nonresponders. The TNF-alpha status of the biopsies from each of the patients before treatment was also investigated immunohistochemically, and it was detected in biopsies from four of the patients, including all three of the good responders. The gene expression data demonstrate that all patients had unique gene expression signatures, with low intrapatient variability between biopsies. The data also revealed significant differences between the good responding and nonresponding patients (279 differentially expressed genes were detected, with a false discovery rate < 0.025). Among the identified genes we found that MMP-3 was significantly upregulated in good responders (log(2) fold change, 2.95) compared with nonresponders, providing further support for the potential of MMP-3 as a marker for good responses to therapy. An even more extensive list of 685 significantly differentially expressed genes was found between patients in whom TNF-alpha was found and nonresponders, indicating that TNF-alpha could be an important biomarker for successful infliximab treatment. Significant differences were also observed between biopsies taken before and after anti-TNF treatment, including 115 differentially expressed genes in the good responding group. Interestingly, the effect was even stronger in the group in which TNF-a was immunohistochemically detected before therapy. Here, 1,058 genes were differentially expressed, including many that were novel in this context (for example, CXCL3 and CXCL14). Subsequent Gene Ontology analysis revealed that several 'themes' were significantly over-represented that are known to be affected by anti-TNF treatment in inflammatory tissue; for example, immune response (GO:0006955), cell communication (GO:0007154), signal transduction (GO:0007165) and chemotaxis (GO:0006935). No genes reached statistical significance in the moderately responding or nonresponding groups. In conclusion, this pilot study suggests that further investigation is warranted on the usefulness of gene expression profiling of synovial tissue to predict and monitor the outcome of rheumatoid arthritis therapies.
|
|
| 1780. |
- Lindberg, Johan, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Variability in synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis investigated by microarray technology
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362 .- 1478-6354. ; 8:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years microarray technology has been used increasingly to acquire knowledge about the pathogenic processes involved in rheumatoid arthritis. The present study investigated variations in gene expression in synovial tissues within and between patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This was done by applying microarray technology on multiple synovial biopsies obtained from the same knee joints. In this way the relative levels of intra-patient and inter-patient variation could be assessed. The biopsies were obtained from 13 different patients: 7 by orthopedic surgery and 6 by rheumatic arthroscopy. The data show that levels of heterogeneity varied substantially between the biopsies, because the number of genes found to be differentially expressed between pairs of biopsies from the same knee ranged from 6 to 2,133. Both arthroscopic and orthopedic biopsies were examined, allowing us to compare the two sampling methods. We found that the average number of differentially expressed genes between biopsies from the same patient was about three times larger in orthopedic than in arthroscopic biopsies. Using a parallel analysis of the tissues by immunohistochemistry, we also identified orthopedic biopsies that were unsuitable for gene expression analysis of synovial inflammation due to sampling of non-inflamed parts of the tissue. Removing these biopsies reduced the average number of differentially expressed genes between the orthopedic biopsies from 455 to 171, in comparison with 143 for the arthroscopic biopsies. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the remaining orthopedic and arthroscopic biopsies had gene expression signatures that were unique for each patient, apparently reflecting patient variation rather than tissue heterogeneity. Subsets of genes found to vary between biopsies were investigated for overrepresentation of biological processes by using gene ontology. This revealed representative 'themes' likely to vary between synovial biopsies affected by inflammatory disease.
|
|
