| 1. |
- Ohlsson, Claes, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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The Framing of Corporate Social Responsibility and the Globalization of National Business Systems : A Longitudinal Case Study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Ethics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-4544 .- 1573-0697. ; 93:4, s. 653-669
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The globalization movement in recent decades has meant rapid growth in trade, financial transactions, and cross-country ownership of economic assets. In this article, we examine how the globalization of national business systems has influenced the framing of corporate social responsibility (CSR). This is done using text analysis of CEO letters appearing in the annual reports of 15 major corporations in Sweden during a period of transformational change. The results show that the discourse about CSR in the annual reports has changed from a national and communitarian view of social responsibility (cf. a negotiated view of CSR) toward an international and individualistic view of social responsibility (cf. a self-regulating view of CSR). The article contributes theoretically (1) by adding a national–global dimension to previous conceptualizations of CSR and (2) by showing that the rise of CSR discourse and activities in the last 10 years does not have to imply an increased commitment and interest in corporate responsibility per se, only that there are increased societal expectations that corporations should develop the capability to act more independently as moral agents.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Hammar, Henrik, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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The kilometer tax and Swedish industry-effects on sectors and regions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Economics. - London : Chapman and Hall. - 0003-6846 .- 1466-4283. ; 43, s. 2907-2917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An introduction of a kilometer tax for heavy goods vehicles can be constrained by the risk of that higher production costs than competitors in other countries will negatively affect regions and industries of policy concern. We estimate factor demand elasticities in the Swedish manufacturing industry using firm level data for the 1990 to 2001 period on input prices and quantities. The results show that the introduction of a kilometer tax for heavy goods vehicles decreases transport demand and increases labour demand. The effects are less pronounced in terms of changes in output, though some industries (e.g. wood, pulp and paper) can be expected to be affected more than others due to their dependence on road freight transport. The regional dimension regarding the consequences of a kilometer tax seems to be small or even nonexisting.
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| 4. |
- Wirsenius, Stefan, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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How much land is needed for global food production under scenarios of dietary changes and livestock productivity increases in 2030?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Agricultural Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2267 .- 0308-521X. ; 103:9, s. 621-638
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growing global population figures and per-capita incomes imply an increase in food demand and pressure to expand agricultural land. Agricultural expansion into natural ecosystems affects biodiversity and leads to substantial carbon dioxide emissions.Considerable attention has been paid to prospects for increasing food availability, and limiting agricultural expansion, through higher yields on cropland. In contrast, prospects for efficiency improvements in the entire food-chain and dietary changes toward less land-demanding food have not been explored as extensively. In this study, we present model-based scenarios of global agricultural land use in 2030, as a basis for investigating the potential for land-minimized growth of world food supply through: (i) faster growth in feed-to-food efficiency in animal food production; (ii) decreased food wastage; and (iii) dietary changes in favor of vegetable food and less land-demanding meat. The scenarios are based in part on projections of global food agriculture for 2030 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO. The scenario calculations were carried out by means of a physical model of the global food and agriculture system that calculates the land area and crops/pasture production necessary to provide for a given level of food consumption.In the reference scenario - developed to represent the FAO projections - global agricultural area expands from the current 5.1. billion ha to 5.4. billion. ha in 2030. In the faster-yet-feasible livestock productivity growth scenario, global agricultural land use decreases to 4.8. billion. ha. In a third scenario, combining the higher productivity growth with a substitution of pork and/or poultry for 20% of ruminant meat, land use drops further, to 4.4. billion. ha. In a fourth scenario, applied mainly to high-income regions, that assumes a minor transition towards vegetarian food (25% decrease in meat consumption) and a somewhat lower food wastage rate, land use in these regions decreases further, by about 15%. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Almotairi, Badi, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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MANAGING SUPPLY CHAIN INTERFACES A framework towards an integrated logistics platform
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Nofoma conference, 2011, Harstad, Norway.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of this paper -The purpose of this paper is to explore current interfaces between major member-firms in port organisations and to develop a framework to integrate these member-firms through better management of interfaces.Design/methodology/approach -To prepare this paper, a structured literature review was conducted together with multi-case studies. To analyse the data, a theoretical interface model was used as a basis to define and describe different natures of interfaces. This enabled the development of a framework towards an integrated logistics platform.Findings -The research shows that successful companies will be those that are able to manage supply chain interfaces efficiently. These interfaces revealed by the study are: media, transfer, data and information, control and communication, and user interfaces. The framework demonstrates these types of interfaces and helps facilitate better integration between ports’ member-firms in supply chains.Practical implications (if applicable) - The paper provides a framework for understanding current interfaces between major member-firms in port organisations and may be a useful insight for firms wishing to enhance supply chain integration.What is original/value of paper -The idea behind the study is to contribute to a better understanding of integration issues within the maritime supply chain through a structured literature review and multi-case studies that lead to better management of supply chain interfaces.
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| 7. |
- Srinuan, Pratompong, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Time for multiplay? An analysis of bundling services in the Swedish telecommunications markets
- 2011
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Ingår i: 10th Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet Techno-Economics, CTTE 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides an analysis explaining the factors that determine the consumer's decision on bundling service in the Swedish telecommunications market. A multinomial model is employed to examine empirically whether the discount, service provider and socio-economic factors can explain the consumer's decision. The data from a national survey in 2009 commissioned by Post- och Telestyrelsen (PTS), the Swedish telecommunications regulator, are used for the analysis. Based on the findings, the discount, service provider and level of income have a potential impact on the decision to buy bundling services. Every service provider has a different strength in bundling services that depends on its core business. Telia would be better off offering triple-play while others may need to focus on doubleplay.
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| 8. |
- Forslund, Helena, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating the performance management process of on-time delivery with suppliers
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Logistics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1367-5567 .- 1469-848X. ; 13:3, s. 225-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses the importance of integrating the performance management (PM) process of on-time delivery with suppliers and analyses the perceived degree of such integration. It describes how the PM process of on-time delivery is managed in manufacturing companies and compares the integration and management issues of on-time delivery between companies with high and low perceived on-time delivery performance. Analysis is based on a survey study of Swedish manufacturing companies in 10 industrial sectors. The focus is on on-time delivery from the respondents' most important supplier. The PM activities defining metrics, target setting, measurement and analysis are not highly integrated between customers and suppliers when measuring on-time delivery. This is especially true for measurement activity, which is the activity with most issues to manage and integrate. The PM issues most significantly related to high on-time delivery performance were automated data collection, registration and report generation.
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| 9. |
- Forslund, Helena, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Selection, implementation and use of ERP systems for supply chain performance management
- 2010
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Ingår i: Industrial management & data systems. - : Emerald. - 0263-5577 .- 1758-5783. ; 110:8, s. 1159-1175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The paper aims to explore how supply chain performance management (PM) isaffected by the decisions made in the enterprise resource planning (ERP) system lifecycle phases.Design/methodology/approach – Datawere collected in amultiple case study of fourmanufacturing companies.Findings – Four PM activities and three ERP system lifecycle phases were described and analyzed. Eight propositions were generated from theory and the case analyses. Detailed demand specifications could have improved target setting and reporting possibilities, PM education and training seem to be important in both the implementation and the use phase and supply chain PM is highly affected in the use phase.Research limitations/implications – The paper is explorative. A required next step would be to test the generated propositions on a larger population.Practical implications – Propositions of what supply chain PM issues manufacturing companies should consider in the ERP system selection, implementation and use phases are presented. The results indicate that a lot of supply chain PM improvements can be realized within the use phase of an existing ERP system. Originality/value – No previous paper has focused upon how to consider supply chain PM when implementing ERP systems. This is needed because previous studies have identified ERP systems as obstacles for supply chain PM.
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| 10. |
- Coria, Jessica, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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The progress of GHG markets : opportunities and risks
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The climate negotiations at the COP15 in December 2009 did not produce a new international treaty with binding emissions commitments but the Copenhagen Accord for dealing with post-2012 climate change. Given the current climate negotiation process it is unlikely that we will see a global climate agreement soon on a global cap between all Convention members participating in a single carbon market. We may be more likely to see a stepwise process moving towards this scenario, most likely involving linkages between different national policy programs when it comes to mitigation as well as offsetting emissions. In such a process countries will offer commitments based on their domestic abilities, preferences and policies, norms and institutions. National and sub-national policies are thus likely to be the de-facto building blocks of nations' abilities to make and fulfill international commitments. However, also with multilateral mitigation programs without binding commitments, carbon markets will be needed as well as international authorities that support measurement, reporting and verification rules and the international registries. Such markets will necessarily be complicated and temporary in a world without an overarching binding agreement. There will be numerous tradeoffs between different kinds of second-best arrangements. The purpose of this report is to build knowledge about the effects of the development of regional and international carbon markets and the auxiliary technology agreements that might be needed. Among the topics we address are: the evolution and integration of carbon markets, the impacts of policy and technology cost uncertainty on the cost of meeting targets through a carbon market mechanism, the effect of banking, price floors and ceilings, institutional constraints and technological change in the further development of carbon markets and their links to other environmental policy instruments, and the potential of REDD-plus to encourage sustainable forest development and climate mitigation.
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