| 1. |
- Mårtensson, Fredrika, et al.
(författare)
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Den nyttiga utevistelsen? Forskningsperspektiv på naturkontaktens betydelse för barns hälsa och miljöengagemang
- 2011
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna syntes är ett försök att överblicka forskning om hälsoeffekter av barns utevistelse och utelekar. De fyra forskarna bidrar med sina olika perspektiv: Mårtensson skriver om barns lek i staden och om stadsplanering. Lisberg Jensen ger ett humanekologiskt perspektiv och reder ut de olika argument som anförs för nyttan med barns utevistelse. Söderström, som är läkare, skriver om positiva och negativa hälsoeffekter av barns utevistelse. Öhman, i sin tur, ger ett pedagogiskt perspektiv och skriver om lärande och naturkontakt. Författarna har också skrivit en gemensam syntestext, där de diskuterar det komplexa ämnet barns naturkontakt.
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| 2. |
- Emmelin, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Planera för friluftsliv : Natur samhälle upplevelser
- 2010. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Planera för friluftsliv är en lärobok för eftergymnasiala utbildningar som baseras på aktuell forskning kring friluftsliv och naturturism. Här kan du läsa om motiv till, och hinder för friluftsliv, om friluftslivets historia, om ekonomiska aspekter på friluftsliv och naturturism, om hur man planerar för att tillgodose olika gruppers behov, och om hur man förvaltar och utvecklar områden för friluftsliv — och inte minst om alla idéer som finns kring detta — och mycket mer. Peter Fredman har författat boken tillsammans med Lars Emmelin, Ebba Lisberg-Jensen och Klas Sandell.
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| 3. |
- Corvellec, Hervé, et al.
(författare)
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The moral responsibility of project selectors
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Project Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0263-7863 .- 1873-4634. ; 28:3, s. 212-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Managers who select projects have a moral responsibility. The purpose of this paper is to present a template to assess this responsibility so that it can be put into practice. Responsibility is here defined as a combination of attributability—what choices the project manager can ultimately be praised or blamed for, and of accountability—what choices the project manager has to be prepared to answer for. The template combines these two aspects of responsibility with the project selection process divided into three phases: initialization phase, appraisal phase, and decision phase. Various moral philosophers are used to highlight the moral issues at stake for each of these two dimensions of responsibility at each stage of the project selection process. Concluding remarks underlines the need for project selectors to adapt to the specific context when they use the template.
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| 4. |
- Parker, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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A new role for government in regional development
- 2011
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Ingår i: Network Strategies for Regional Growth. - London : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9780230273306 ; , s. 22-39
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chapter begins by briefly reviewing the rationales for regional development initiatives to promote knowledge transfer and development. This review provides an important backdrop to discussions of how knowledge transfer and development can be facilitated. We then seek to identify some key managerial challenges in publicly funded regional development initiatives, particularly those using a network approach. Analysis of these managerial challenges indicates that the problems facing network development initiatives are known in the literature on the management of complex projects, and that this literature can be drawn on in addressing these challenges.
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| 5. |
- Blomé, Gunnar
(författare)
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Organizational and economic aspects of housing management in deprived areas
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation consists of five papers with different objectives. The overall objective is to improve knowledge of effective policies regarding socially deprived large housing estates. All studies deal with the real estate context from a housing company decision-making perspective. The first two papers focus on organisational issues and the following three papers deal with economic issues related to the development of a specific housing area. The research is based on case studies which involve specific methodologies such as interviews, direct observation and collecting data from company accounts. The main message of this thesis is that landlord policies and resources spent on operation and maintenance contribute to local area development. It is also underlined that there is a need for a paradigm shift in Swedish housing, since the regulatory framework appeared to be inadequate. The experience from this study shows that many problems can be solved within the existing laws and through efficient customised property management, but landlords need more effective incentives to improve their policies further. The first two papers address issues about how to organise local management resources in large housing estates. Three different functions were identified: customer service, (e.g. fault-reporting); the letting process; and caretaking (day-to-day management and control over indoor and outdoor areas). The models where more decisions are decentralised lead to better information about the local conditions, make it easier to coordinate work in an area, create more motivation for the staff and make it easier to involve the tenants. This was particularly valuable for socially deprived estates, but the decentralised model raised some moral hazard problems, e.g. the local team create their own agenda, are pressured by certain tenants to give them advantages and that the result is lack of control and consistent housing policy in the company. The third paper deals with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in housing management. Different types of costs are identified and related to the estates’ social condition. The results indicate that a CSR-based management policy leads to approximately 4.5 percent lower annual operation and maintenance costs which improved the company’s profitability, especially if the higher standard of maintenance, made higher rents possible. The study also identified three other benefits of CSR; improved tenant relationship, goodwill and business opportunities and the study is a first step towards a better understanding of the economic consequences of CSR in a real estate-context. The fourth paper analyses the return of the Swedish slumlords, with a focus on a specific area in Malmö. The tenants stayed even though the rent was higher and the quality was lower than in neighbouring areas because of a combination of three factors; rents were paid by different forms of welfare payment, lack of alternatives because of queues to other areas and because some tenants saw an advantage in the “no questions” asked policy that the slumlord followed. It is further argued that the property owners found this slum strategy as profitable either because they hoped to find a “bigger fool” to sell to or because the decision makers in the company had not invested their own money. The study concludes that both tenants and investors were in the end losers, but not the company managers.The fifth paper is an economic evaluation of renovation in socially deprived housing estates. The empirical data indicates that it is profitable to use a clear and active housing management strategy, especially if the rent levels are affected by the standard of management by the landlord. The results also show that the landlord’s policy had positive social effects, both in the form of tenant welfare and in the form of lower costs for Police and the Fire department. The study also indicates that it can be difficult to justify large scale investment purely from a business perspective.
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| 6. |
- Blomé, Gunnar
(författare)
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Local housing administration models for large housing estates
- 2010
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Ingår i: Property Management. - : Emerald. - 0263-7472 .- 1758-731X. ; 28:5, s. 320-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe and evaluate three different models of how to organise services to tenants in municipal housing companies. Design/methodology/approach: The empirical data used in this study are gathered from a detailed two-year case study. Findings: Three different functions are identified: customer service (e.g. reporting of faults); the letting process; and caretaking (day-to-day activities and control over in- and outdoor areas). The three models for local administration differ as to which functions are decentralised to a local group and which are centralised, and are evaluated from several different perspectives. The models where more decisions are decentralised leads to better information about the local conditions, makes it easier to coordinate work in an area, creates more motivation for the staff and makes it easier to involve the tenants. The main problem with the decentralised models is moral hazard problems, e.g. that the local team create their own agenda, are pressured by certain tenants to give them advantages and that the result is lack of control and an inconsistent policy in the company. Research limitation/implications: The primary issue of the study is how housing companies can organise their resources in order to create an efficient local administration in large housing estates. Further research is needed to decide if the economic profitability differs between different organizational models in relation to tenants' perceived service quality. Originality/value: The research identifies and analyses different organisation models for local administration in large housing estates more thoroughly than earlier research.
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| 7. |
- Lindqvist, Sylwia
(författare)
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Transaction cost and transparency on the owner-occupied housing market : An international comparison
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation consists of four essays with specific objectives. The overall objective is, however, to seek a further understanding of the issue of cross-border residential transaction markets. While the first two essays focus specifically on transaction processes and costs in a number of selected countries, the two subsequent essays shift their attention towards the EU’s Internal Market and the impact of differences between the countries, with relation to the transparency of transaction markets. The research is primary based on studies of written sources, subject-specific literature and legislation. The main message is that organization of the transaction process affects transaction costs in different ways. It can be argued that efficiency is associated with a lowering of transaction costs. The efficiency of different structures depends on our perspective. Transparency is associated with the organisation of transactions and their needs, though the term is somewhat unclear. Generally, the term may refer to the ability of transaction participants to observe information concerning the transacting process, thereby increasing their knowledge to make informed decisions. Thus it can be argued that a better basis for the decision-making process presupposes information disclosure, more standardized transaction practices, synchronized legal systems, and both legible and transparent regulations. This leads to the design of a transparency system, which is based on an understanding of the need for the system and its goal. Although reaching transparency will be both complex and time-consuming, this study draws attention to certain key aspect of the need to encourage transparency. The first two essays focus on how residential transactions are organized in selected countries and on the costs for carrying out these transactions. Essay II works with two hypotheses concerning the relation between the organizational structure and the transaction costs. The study shows that transaction processes and costs differ considerably between the countries and as a result it is difficult to arrange the countries in a clear way according to their rules. Moreover, there is no clear connection between a broker’s education level and how large a part in the process s/he plays. The total transaction costs excluding taxes vary from approximately 3 up to 8.5 percent. The costs are lower when the recording system is well arranged, when a broker has a bigger part in the process and when a conveyancer is impartial. In the countries where a broker has a higher education level and plays bigger part in the process, the broker’s commission is not any higher when compared to other countries in the study. The study shows also that transaction costs are lower in the countries where the broker has a more neutral role and where fewer parties are involved in the process. Thus in order to avoid high transaction costs, it is important to avoid situations where both buyer and seller have their own agents. Furthermore, the availability of standardized information about properties may increase the efficiency of the market even though it increases the short run transaction cost. Essay III provides a theoretical framework for an analysis of the concept of transparency in residential property transactions within the EU’s internal market and tries to identify the essential factors that need to be addressed with respect to transparency of procedural, regulative and economic features. Essay IV seeks a further understanding of the issue of transparency in the residential property transaction market and attempts to define the state of transparency on the basis of selected EU-countries, in accord with five specific dimensions. The essential points are that an increase in cross-border transactions increases demand for easy access to information in other countries, and that the studied literature focuses on the coordination of legal systems, which produces systems that are more uniform and legally secured, and on broadening the mortgage market. Some of the aspects analysed in the study are far from transparent while others may be considered relatively transparent. The degree of transparency in the EU’s internal market is determined by how transparency is defined, since something may be transparent based on a certain criteria but not on others, especially when the concept is a relative one and subject to changes. The study raises some key aspect as a basis for discussion about the encouragement of transparency.
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| 8. |
- Lindqvist, Sylwia
(författare)
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Transparency in the EU’s Residential Housing Market : A study of seven countries
- 2011
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this study is to seek a further understanding of the issue of transparency in the residential property transaction market and to try to identify the state of transparency on the basis of a number of selected EU-countries: Sweden, Denmark, England and Wales, Germany, Poland, France and Spain, according to five dimensions, when carrying out cross-border housing transactions. The hypothesis is that the EU is far from transparent in this respect, and that the road to transparency will be long and winding. The purpose is also to identify the steps that are needed to enhance the transparency. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based the studies of written sources on the seven countries with respect to these five dimensions. Both primary sources such as legislation, and secondary sources such as literature, reports and information on the webpages of those countries, the home pages of professional branch organisations and other authorities, have been studied. A multiple case study research strategy is applied. Findings – Based on this study, the state of transparency is identified. The essential points are that some of the aspects analysed in the study are far from transparent while others may be considered as relatively transparent. The extent to which the Internal Market may be considered as transparent is related in some way to the definition given to transparency. Something may be considered as transparent based on certain criteria but not on others, particularly when the concept is a relative one and subject to changes. The study raises certain key aspect as a basis for a discussion on encouraging transparency. The study indicates that a primary objective in seeking to improve transparency would be for Denmark to remove rules on the ownership of holiday homes, which make it difficult to acquire a secondary home in Denmark. Originality/value – The study addresses the issues of transparency in real property transactions by providing an analysis of various aspects of a transaction.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bogren, Maria, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Organizations in cooperation within Development Partnerships : The impact of organizational fields and institutions
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background and purpose Attempts to solve important societal issues, for example long-term sick leave and unemployment, nowadays often involve several and varying type of actors. The European Union supports for example cooperation in projects aiming for new solutions and models to fight the problems. Temporary organizations are formed for this purpose at international, national, regional and local levels, with actors from public sector on different levels, representatives from private companies and non-profit organizations. At times, also the target group affected by the problem is involved. Formations of this kind can apply for funding for a certain period. The constellation lasts for this project only, and a possible continuation depends on the result of the project, or rather whether new funding is received. The purpose of this paper is to discuss a specific type of temporary cooperation between actors from different organizational fields within a temporary organization, what is called Development Partnerships. In our case, the members of the partnership comprises of other organizations, but we especially want to stress the issue concerning actors without organizational belonging, and their participation with actors from well established organizations belonging to institutionalised fields.
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