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- Söderholm, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Governing the transition to low-carbon futures: A critical survey of energy scenarios for 2050
- 2011
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Ingår i: Futures. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-3287 .- 1873-6378. ; 43:10, s. 1105-1116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a growing scientific consensus that limiting the increase in global average temperature to around 2 C above pre-industrial levels is necessary to avoid unacceptable impact on the climate system. This requires that the developed countries' emissions are radically reduced during the next 40 years. Energy scenario studies provide insights on the societal transitions that might be implied by such low-carbon futures, and in this paper we discuss how a greater attention to different governance and institutional issues can complement future scenario exercises. The analysis is based on a critical review of 20 quantitative and qualitative scenario studies, all of relevance for meeting long-term climate policy objectives. The paper: (a) analyzes some key differences in energy technology mixes and primary energy use patterns across these studies; (b) briefly explores the extent and the nature of the societal challenges and policy responses implied; and (c) discusses a number of important implications for the design and scope of future scenario studies. Our review shows that in previous scenario studies the main attention is typically paid to analyzing the impact of well-defined and uniform policy instruments, while fewer studies factor in the role of institutional change in achieving different energy futures. We therefore point towards a number of strategies of integrating issues of transition governance into future scenario analyses, and argue for a closer synthesis of qualitative and quantitative scenario building. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Mansikkasalo, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Industrins energieffektivisering - styrmedlens effekter och interaktion
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Energieffektivisering kan bidra till att flera miljökvalitetsmål kan nås, t ex Begränsad klimatpåverkan, Friskluft, Enbart naturlig försurning och Ingen övergödning. Denna rapport syftar till att öka kunskapen om hur olika styrmedel i klimat- och energipolitiken påverkar industrins energieffektivisering. Kompletterar eller motverkar styrmedlen varandra? Bland annat studeras prövning och tillsyn enligt miljöbalken, programmet för energieffektivisering i industrin (PFE), energiskatterna och handeln med utsläppsrätter. Författarna till rapporten betonar betydelsen av en effektiv prissättning på energi. Olika typer av s.k. informationsmisslyckanden kan samtidigt motivera införande av t.ex. olika informativa styrmedel. Författarna analyserar avslutningsvis också vilka förändringar i PFE och miljöbalken som skulle kunna leda till en mer renodlad styrning för energihushållning.
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| 6. |
- Brännlund, Runar, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Kampen om skogen : koka, såga, bränna eller bevara?
- 2010
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Boken ger ett samhällsekonomiskt perpsektiv på utnyttjandet av skogen och dess resurser genom att belysa ett antal centrala ekonomiska och politiska faktorer som påverkar användningen av skogen och till viss del även dess produktionsförmåga. I boken diskuteras också behovet av statlig styrning inom skogssektorn samt analyseras konsekvenserna av olika politiska vägval.
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| 7. |
- Coria, Jessica, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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The progress of GHG markets : opportunities and risks
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The climate negotiations at the COP15 in December 2009 did not produce a new international treaty with binding emissions commitments but the Copenhagen Accord for dealing with post-2012 climate change. Given the current climate negotiation process it is unlikely that we will see a global climate agreement soon on a global cap between all Convention members participating in a single carbon market. We may be more likely to see a stepwise process moving towards this scenario, most likely involving linkages between different national policy programs when it comes to mitigation as well as offsetting emissions. In such a process countries will offer commitments based on their domestic abilities, preferences and policies, norms and institutions. National and sub-national policies are thus likely to be the de-facto building blocks of nations' abilities to make and fulfill international commitments. However, also with multilateral mitigation programs without binding commitments, carbon markets will be needed as well as international authorities that support measurement, reporting and verification rules and the international registries. Such markets will necessarily be complicated and temporary in a world without an overarching binding agreement. There will be numerous tradeoffs between different kinds of second-best arrangements. The purpose of this report is to build knowledge about the effects of the development of regional and international carbon markets and the auxiliary technology agreements that might be needed. Among the topics we address are: the evolution and integration of carbon markets, the impacts of policy and technology cost uncertainty on the cost of meeting targets through a carbon market mechanism, the effect of banking, price floors and ceilings, institutional constraints and technological change in the further development of carbon markets and their links to other environmental policy instruments, and the potential of REDD-plus to encourage sustainable forest development and climate mitigation.
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