| 221. |
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| 222. |
- Lehtinen, Ullaliina, et al.
(författare)
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Some remarks on the relevance of basic research in nursing inquiry
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nursing Philosophy. - 1466-7681 .- 1466-769X. ; 6:1, s. 43-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article was to illuminate the issue of basic research in nursing and to problematize its relevance for our discipline. First, we asked leading nursing scholars in the Nordic countries to share their views on basic research in nursing. Thereafter, the ideas, views and suggestions of the scholars were amalgamated with insights from the literature and from the discussions in our project team. Our two guiding questions were: What role can basic research be assigned? Which, if any, forms of basic research can be identified? We found that basic nursing research may be seen as a necessary basis for applied research, as a contribution to applied research, or that the whole issue is seen as a pseudo-issue. We further found that basic nursing research can be seen as either contextual or general as well as either intradisciplinary or multidisciplinary in form. We conclude by the following three succinct remarks or assertions: that basic nursing research is not to be equated with biomedical conceptions of basic research; that basic nursing research may take place on several theoretical levels; and finally, that an indiscriminate dismissal of basic research in nursing may affect the cognitive autonomy of our discipline.
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| 223. |
- Lennartsson, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Burnout and hypocortisolism - a matter of severity? : A study on acth and cortisol responses to acute psychosocial stress
- 2015
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-0640. ; 6:FEB
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Common consequences of long-term psychosocial stress are fatigue and burnout. It has been suggested that burnout could be associated with hypocortisolism, thus, inability to produce sufficient amounts of cortisol. This study aimed to investigate whether patients with clinical burnout exhibit aberrant ACTH and cortisol responses under acute psychosocial stress compared with healthy individuals. Methods: Nineteen patients (9 men and 10 women) and 37 healthy subjects (20 men and 17 women), underwent the Trier Social Stress Test. Blood samples and saliva samples were collected before, after, and during the stress test for measurements of plasma ACTH, serum cortisol, and salivary cortisol. Several statistical analyses were conducted to compare the responses between patients and controls. In addition, in order to investigate the possibility that burnout patients with more severe symptoms would respond differently, sub-groups of patients reporting higher and lower burnout scores were compared. Results: In both patients and healthy controls, we observed elevated levels of ACTH and cortisol after exposure to the stressor. There were no differences in responses of ACTH, serum cortisol, or salivary cortisol between patients and controls. Patients reporting higher burnout scores had lower salivary cortisol responses than controls, indicating that patients with more severe burnout symptoms may be suffering from hypocortisolism. In addition, patients with more severe burnout symptoms tended to have smaller ACTH responses than the other patients. However, there was no corresponding difference in serum cortisol. Conclusion: This study indicates that hypocortisolism is not present in a clinical burnout patient group as a whole but may be present in the patients with more severe burnout symptoms. © 2015 Lennartsson, Sjörs, Währborg, Ljung and Jonsdottir.
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| 224. |
- Lexhagen, Maria
(författare)
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E-marketing and customer perceived value in travel and tourism
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Businesses and organizations increasingly use information technology for marketing purposes. Customers also increasingly use information technology (such as the Internet) to search for and purchase products. Information technology hence acts as a facilitator in the marketing exchange process and customers are empowered by the use of technology. In order to understand how businesses can benefit from e-marketing we need to learn more about customers’ perceptions of e-marketing and specifically their perceived value since it may have an impact on their behavior. The theoretical frame of reference for the concept of customer perceived value is based on marketing and customer behavior literature. Customer perceived value is a trade-off between what is given and what is received in terms of consequences of a process, or of using a product or service, or of possessing a product or service. It is seen as an inclusive concept in that it is not just one but many types of value and it is dependent on use situation. The studies in the thesis describe emarketing in travel and tourism. Customers value creation processes and factors influencing the use and adoption of information technology are explored. The studies also explain how and what influences customer perceived value and the effects on behavior is explained. Five individual studies have been carried out, represented as a collection of articles. These apply both quantitative and qualitative methods. Results show that customers mostly perceive only one category of value, namely utilitarian types of value. This is believed to be mainly connected to the use of technology as such rather than to the interaction with marketing content. Customers do also not perceive that a majority of the value perceived is connected to higher held values and goals in life. This may be an indication of failure on the business part to be relevant to customers’ main wants. Results also show that customer perceived value on travel and tourism web sites have an effect on customers’ likelihood to use a web site and purchase the products. This thesis contributes to a broader empirical base for understanding the concept of customer perceived value since it is explored in a new context. Moreover, the theoretical models used in the different studies are advanced from the perspective of how different factors behave and affect customers in an e-marketing context. Therefore, knowledge on the nature and effect of customer perceived value has increased. Specifically, research on customer perceived value in e-marketing has now moved from being focused on which value is perceived to include factors which explain how and why this perception occurs.
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| 225. |
- Lidmar-Bergström, Karna, et al.
(författare)
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The South Swedish Dome : a key structure for identification of peneplains and conclusions on Phanerozoic tectonics of an ancient shield
- 2017
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Ingår i: GFF. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-5897 .- 2000-0863. ; 139:4, s. 244-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationships between different denudation surfaces/peneplains formed across crystalline basement rocks give valuable information to the tectonic development of ancient shields. The denudation surfaces can be identified by the aid of their landforms, tilt and remnant weathering mantles in relation to cover rocks. Three types of denudation surfaces are identified across south Sweden (1) a tilted flat plain, (2) a tilted hilly surface with relative relief below 150Â m and (3) stepped horizontal plains with residual hills. All three types of denudation surfaces are peneplains, denudation surfaces graded to specific base levels. The re-exposed parts of the inclined flat sub-Cambrian peneplain (SCP) extend as a landscape feature from below cover rocks in the north and east and reaches up on the highest summits of the South Swedish Uplands. The SCP (the exact unconformity) is encountered again below Cambrian covers outside the west coast. Thus south Sweden is a geological dome, the South Swedish Dome (SSD), in relation to the Cambrian cover. The southern and western low flanks of the exposed part of the dome are instead characterized by a hilly peneplain, the inclined sub-Cretaceous denudation surface, with remnants of thick, kaolinitic, clayey saprolites. This sub-Cretaceous peneplain is cut off at a distinct level in the south and west by the almost horizontal South Småland Peneplain, a never covered, epigene, peneplain. The uplift history of the SSD aids to the understanding on the development of late Tertiary drainage systems of the Baltic Basin by the Eridano River.
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| 226. |
- Limbäck Svensson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' experience of health three years after structured physiotherapy or surgery for lumbar disc herniation
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 45:3, s. 293-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To describe the experience of health among patients 3 years after treatment with a structured physiotherapy model or surgery for lumbar disc herniation. Design: A qualitative research study. Subjects/patients: Patients were referred to the orthopaedic clinic at Sahlgrenska University Hospital with sciatica due to lumbar disc herniation. Twenty patients who were eligible for surgery were treated either with a structured physiotherapy model or with surgery. Methods: Open-ended interviews were conducted and analysed using content analysis. Results: Findings were grouped into two themes: feeling of well-being and feeling of ill-being. In the group treated with structured physiotherapy there were a high number of codes in the feeling of well-being theme. In the group treated with surgery there were a high number of codes in the feeling of ill-being theme. Conclusion: Patients treated with structured physiotherapy or surgery experienced feelings of well-being and ill-being 3 years after treatment. Patients treated with physiotherapy and surgery described varying experiences of health 3 years after treatment for lumbar disc herniation. It can be speculated that the experience of well-being may be explained by the ability of structured physiotherapy treatments to empower patients.
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| 227. |
- Linander, Ida, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Two Steps Forward, One Step Back: A Policy Analysis of the Swedish Guidelines for Trans-Specific Healthcare
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sexuality Research and Social Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1868-9884 .- 1553-6610. ; 18, s. 309-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Sweden has one of the world's longest histories of providing subsidized gender-confirming medical procedures for people with trans experiences. However, until 2015, Swedish trans-specific healthcare lacked formal guidelines. Methods In this study, we analyse the Swedish guidelines for trans-specific healthcare from 2015 using Bacchi's approach: "What's the problem represented to be?" Following this approach, we analyse problem representations in the guidelines with special focus on evaluation, diagnosis of gender dysphoria and criteria for access to care. Results Three problem representations were identified in our analysis: "the problem of (non)linear gender", "the mental health paradox" and "gender dysphoria as a psychiatric, psychological and psychosocial problem". Together, these problem representations construct gender dysphoria as a psychopathology and allocate the decision-making power to mental health care providers. Hence, the guidelines reconstruct the gatekeeping function among care providers while undermining care seekers' ability to attain self-determination. While the guidelines do allow for non-linear embodiment, they simultaneously reconstruct a linear relationship between gender identity and social gender role. Mental healthiness and, for migrants, having a residence permit seem to be favoured in the evaluation of gender dysphoria and for access to gender-confirming medical procedures, while aspects of gender euphoria are silenced. Conclusions We conclude that the guidelines resemble, and have similar effects to, the psychomedical understandings of gender dysphoria prevalent in medical research and practice. At the same time, the guidelines attempt to depathologize trans experiences and open up space for new subjectivities to be eligible for access to gender-confirming medical procedures. Policy Implication The knowledge from this study can be useful when constructing, revising or analysing guidelines for trans-specific healthcare in several contexts.
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| 228. |
- Lindgren, Helena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Transfer in planned home births in Sweden - effects on the experience of birth : A nationwide population-based study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - Amsterdam : Elsevier BV. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 2:3, s. 101-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: More than 10% of all planned home births in high-income countries are completed in the hospital. The aim of this study was to compare the birth experiences among women who planned to give birth at home and completed the birth at home and women who were transferred to hospital during or immediately after the birth. Methods: All women in Sweden who had a planned home birth between 1998 and 2005 (n = 671) were invited to participate in the study. The women who agreed to participate received one questionnaire for each planned home birth. Mixed methods were used for the analysis. Results: Women who had been transferred during or immediately after the planned home birth had a more negative birth experience in general. In comparison with women who completed the birth at home, the odds ratio for being less satisfied was 13.5, CI 8.1-22.3. Reasons for being dissatisfied related to organizational factors, the way the women were treated or personal ability. Conclusion: Being transferred during a planned home birth negatively affects the birth experience. Treatments as well as organizational factors are considered to be obstacles for a positive birth experience when transfer is needed. Established links between the home birth setting and the hospital might enhance the opportunity for a positive birth experience irrespective of where the birth is completed. © 2011.
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| 229. |
- Lindh, Jacob, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Blended learning through global network and interdisciplinary live distance experiments at human performance laboratories.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Learning in the Synergy of Multiple Disciplines, 4th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2009, Nice, France, September 29 - October 2, 2009.. - : Springer. - 9783642046353 ; 5794 Springer 2009
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Under a previous grant (2005-2008) we designed an interdisciplinary inquiry-based laboratory course in sports kinesiology, taught simultaneously over the Internet for undergraduate students at the University of Gothenburg and at Stanford University. Student groups developed their own research questions, conducted online distance experiments, processed their unique data with support from an interdisciplinary global network of expert consultants, and presented original scientific results. We will demonstrate one virtual experiment that is central to the course to conference attendees and present a unique set of interactive learning tools for the scientific process. This student-conducted experiment was first tested in a laboratory in Stockholm in 2007, and broadcasted live to three universities, with experts and students actively taking part via Polycom and Marratech. Real-time communication was possible in all directions through a moderator in Stockholm. Our course model seems to improve student learning outcomes while advancing the field of sports science.
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| 230. |
- Lindskog, Hilma, et al.
(författare)
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The Voter Next Door : Stigma Effects on Advance Voting for Radical Right Parties
- 2023
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Ingår i: Political Studies. - : SAGE Publications. - 0032-3217 .- 1467-9248.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the influence of stigmatization on vote choices, little attention has been given to the impact of social stigma on voters’ selection of voting procedures. To bridge this gap, our study focuses on Sweden, where the open-display ballot system at polling stations potentially compromises vote secrecy. Using survey data from the Swedish National Election Studies in 2014 and 2018, we examine the relationship between citizens’ voting procedure choices and their support for a highly stigmatized radical right party, the Sweden Democrats. Our findings reveal that voters of the Sweden Democrats are more inclined to vote in advance, particularly in districts with low general party support, indicating a high level of stigma. We argue that advance voting can be seen as a strategy to safeguard vote secrecy when voting for stigmatized parties within an institutional context featuring public displays of ballots. In addition, our research sheds light on the importance of electoral integrity in maintaining the confidentiality of voters’ choices.
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