| 11. |
- Kaminsky, Elenor, et al.
(författare)
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Paediatric health calls to Swedish telenurses : a descriptive study of content and outcome
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. - : SAGE Publications. - 1357-633X .- 1758-1109. ; 16:8, s. 454-457
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We collected data about telephone triage calls concerning children in Sweden. A sample of 110 paediatric calls were recorded. The transcribed data were analysed regarding word count, reasons for calling, results of calls, ages and gender of children, and gender of parents. The median call length was 4.4 min and the median child's age was 3.5 years. Mothers made 73% of calls, but mothers and fathers called to the same extent about daughters and sons, and regardless of age. The most common reasons for calls were ear problems, rash/wound or fever. In nearly half the calls, the telenurses provided self-care advice. Call length, word count or caller's part of word count did not differ according to gender of parents or children. However, mothers were more likely to receive self-care advice while fathers were more often referred to other health services by the telenurses. Telenurses might need to improve their gender competence, and more male telenurses in the service would potentially be beneficial to callers.
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| 12. |
- Kjeldmand, Dorte, et al.
(författare)
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Difficulties in Balint groups : a qualitative study of leaders' experiences
- 2010
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Ingår i: British Journal of General Practice. - 0960-1643 .- 1478-5242. ; 60:580, s. 808-814
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Balint groups (BGs) are a means of enhancing competence in the physician-patient relationship and are also regarded as beneficial for GPs' mental health. However, voluntary BGs are still few, some members terminate their participation, and problems are reported in obligatory groups in residency programmes. This raises questions about possible negative aspects of BGs. Aim To examine difficulties in BGs as experienced by BG leaders. Design of study Qualitative study using interviews. Setting Eight BG leaders from five countries were interviewed. Method The interviews focused on the informants' experiences' of difficulties in their groups and were analysed with a systematic text-condensation method. Results Three categories of difficulties emerged from the analysis: 1) the individual physician having needs, vulnerabilities, and defences; 2) the group (including the leader) having problems of hidden agendas, rivalries, and frames; and 3) the surrounding environment defining the conditions of the group. BGs were found to fit into modern theories of small groups as complex systems. They are submitted to group dynamics that are sometimes malicious, and are exposed to often tough environmental conditions. Conclusion Professionally conducted BGs seem to be a gentle, efficient method to train physicians, but with limitations. Participation of a member demands psychological stability and an open mind. BGs need support from the leadership of healthcare organisations in order to exist.
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| 13. |
- Kristoffersson, Annica, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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User-centered evaluation of robotic telepresence for an elderly population
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The goal of our studies is to iteratively refine prototypes of the robot by involving end users in development cycles of the prototype throughout the project. The evaluations will be conducted with the aim of maximizing usability across geographic, demographic and cultural boundaries, as well as diverse home environments and user preferences and attitudes. The project ExCITE focuses on end users’ perspectives when using a robotic telepresence platform, the Giraff. The Giraff system consists of a tiltable screen and web camera mounted on a moveable robotic base that can be teleoperated. Our application area is elder care. We motivate the use of telepresence in elder care as a way to ensure safety, facilitate independent living and enhance social interaction.
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| 14. |
- Letterstål, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' experience of open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm : preoperative information, hospital care and recovery
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 19:21-22, s. 3112-3122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and objectives. The aim was to elucidate patients' lived experience of the care pathway of going through open surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Background. Open surgical treatment has a great impact on patients' health-related quality of life both before and after treatment. The transition from being independent and asymptomatic to dependent on nursing care can be difficult. To facilitate this process and provide high-quality care, patients' needs must be better understood. Design. An exploratory descriptive design was chosen to describe and understand patients' lived experience. Method. Audio-taped interviews were performed three months postoperatively, covering the care pathway before and after surgery. Interviews were analysed with qualitative content analysis. Results. The informants made a transition from becoming aware of the deadly risk associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm to gradually understanding the physical and emotional impact of the surgical procedure during the recovery process. The experience of not understanding fully the risks of undergoing surgery or its consequences on daily life made the informants unprepared for complications and limitations during the recovery period. Many concerns emerged, with a need for more dialogue and opportunities to understand their own care than those provided by the health care staff. Conclusions. To facilitate the transition process, health care staff should consider patients' unpreparedness for the physical and emotional impact that can follow diagnosis and treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm and recognise the need for dialogue to enhance participation during recovery. Relevance to clinical practice. Throughout the care pathway, patients' need for information and for opportunities to reflect on bodily and emotional reactions to the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm should be recognised by nurses and physicians to support patients getting realistic expectations of the consequences of treatment and facilitate participation in decisions concerning care and medical treatment.
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| 15. |
- Lillvist, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Preschool children in need of special support : prevalence of traditional disability categories and functional difficulties
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:1, s. 131-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate the prevalence of children who are in need of special support in the total population of children attending preschools (CA 1-6) in two Swedish counties, and the functional problems exhibited by the children in relation to demographical and environmental factors in the preschool context. Method: Survey distributed to (N = 1138) preschools in two Swedish counties. Results: The majority of children perceived by preschool teachers and in need of special support were undiagnosed children with functional difficulties related to speech, language and interaction with peers. Conclusion: Undiagnosed and diagnosed children share the same type of difficulties. Thus, in estimating the prevalence of children in need of special support in a preschool context, traditional disability categories capture only a small proportion of the children experiencing difficulties. Therefore, a functional approach in studies of children in need of special support is recommended.
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| 16. |
- Nemati, Farhang, Senior Lecturer, 1975-
(författare)
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Partitioned Scheduling of Real-Time Tasks on Multi-core Platforms
- 2010
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years multiprocessor architectures have become mainstream, and multi-core processors are found in products ranging from small portable cell phones to large computer servers. In parallel, research on real-time systems has mainly focused on traditional single-core processors. Hence, in order for real-time systems to fully leverage on the extra capacity offered by new multi-core processors, new design techniques, scheduling approaches, and real-time analysis methods have to be developed.In the multi-core and multiprocessor domain there are mainly two scheduling approaches, global and partitioned scheduling. Under global scheduling each task can execute on any processor at any time while under partitioned scheduling tasks are statically allocated to processors and migration of tasks among processors is not allowed. Besides simplicity and efficiency of partitioned scheduling protocols, existing scheduling and synchronization methods developed for single-core processor platforms can more easily be extended to partitioned scheduling. This also simplifies migration of existing systems to multi-cores. An important issue related to partitioned scheduling is distribution of tasks among processors which is a bin-packing problem.In this thesis we propose a partitioning framework for distributing tasks on the processors of multi-core platforms. Depending on the type of performance we desire to achieve, the framework may distribute a task set differently, e.g., in an application in which tasks process huge amounts of data the goal of the framework may be to decrease cache misses.Furthermore, we propose a blocking-aware partitioning heuristic algorithm to distribute tasks onto the processors of a multi-core architecture. The objective of the proposed algorithm is to decrease blocking overhead of tasks which reduces the total utilization and has the potential to reduce the number of required processors.Finally, we have implemented a tool to facilitate evaluation and comparison of different multiprocessor scheduling and synchronization approaches, as well as different partitioning heuristics. We have applied the tool in the evaluation of several partitioning heuristic algorithms, and the tool is flexible to which any new scheduling or synchronization protocol as well as any new partitioning heuristic can easily be added.
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| 17. |
- Nemati, Farhang, et al.
(författare)
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Partitioning Real-Time Systems on Multiprocessors with Shared Resources
- 2010
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 6490. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642176524 - 9783642176531 ; , s. 253-269
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are two main approaches to task scheduling on multiprocessor/multi-core platforms; 1) global scheduling, under which migration of tasks among processors is allowed, and 2) partitioned scheduling under which tasks are allocated onto processors and task migration is not allowed. Under global scheduling a higher utilization bound can be achieved, but in practice the overheads of migrating tasks is high. On the other hand under partitioned scheduling, besides simplicity and efficiency, existing scheduling and synchronization methods developed for uniprocessor platforms can more easily be extended to partitioned scheduling. However the partitioned scheduling protocols suffer from the problem of partitioning tasks among processors/cores which is a bin-packing problem. Therefore, several heuristic algorithms have been developed for partitioning a task set on multiprocessor platforms. However, these algorithms typically assume independent tasks while in practice real-time systems often contain tasks that share resources and hence may block each other.In this paper we propose a blocking-aware partitioning algorithm which allocates a task~set onto processors in a way that the overall amount of blocking times of tasks are decreased. The algorithm reduces the total utilization which, in turn, has the potential to decrease the total number of required processors (cores). In this paper we evaluate our algorithm and compare it with an existing similar algorithm. The comparison criteria includes both number of schedulable systems as well as processor reduction performance.
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| 18. |
- Nilsson, Per, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Focal event, contextualization, and effective communication in the mathematics classroom
- 2010
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Ingår i: Educational Studies in Mathematics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0013-1954 .- 1573-0816. ; 74:3, s. 241-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to develop analytical tools for studying mathematical communication in collaborative activities. The theoretical construct of contextualization is elaborated methodologically in order to study diversity in individual thinking in relation to effective communication. The construct of contextualization highlights issues of diversity in collaborative activities as it emphasizes how students may struggle differently with a learning activity. The interaction of students (12 to 13 years old), playing a specifically designed dice game, is used as an example for illustration. The article shows how accounting for the focal events of the interlocutors, and the contexts in which they contextualize these events, help in organizing our thinking about mathematically effective communication in collaborative activities.
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| 19. |
- Rask, Mikael, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Validity and reliability of a Swedish version of the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) : a pilot study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Canadian journal of cardiovascular nursing. - Ottawa : Canadian Council of Cardiovascular Nurses. - 0843-6096. ; 20:1, s. 16-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is a need for a short and easily administered scale, in the Swedish language, for assessing partner relationships in the health care of persons with cardiac disease. PURPOSE: To establish the reliability and validity of the Swedish version of the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS). DESIGN: The present pilot study has a methodological design. FINDINGS: Content validity has been tested for relevance, clarity and readability. The scale was tested for construct validity with explorative factor analysis. The reliability was tested by internal consistency and test-retest analysis. The result showed a two-factor solution, which does not correspond to the original proposed one-factor solution. The factor analyses revealed two quite distinct factors of RAS, labelled "Relationship built on expectations and satisfaction of needs" and "Relationship built on love and devotion". CONCLUSIONS: The scale has satisfactory psychometric properties in terms of content validity, construct validity, homogeneity and stability in a population of persons with cardiac disease. Wider evaluations of the RAS for other populations and settings are recommended.
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| 20. |
- Redmalm, David
(författare)
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The construction of a celebrity and her pet : a case study of Paris Hilton and Tinkerbell
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Paris Hilton, heiress of the Hilton hotel chain fortune, is well-known from several reality-TV shows, a music career, and frequent appearances in tabloids all over the world. Often by her side, the Chihuahua Tinkerbell has become one of the world’s most famous now living pets, and she is the author of her biography, written in first person singular. The relation between Hilton and Tinkerbell seems almost archetypical – it appears to be the perfect incarnation of the bourgeois pet-owner, moving her dog around in an expensive handbag as an accessory without any regard to the real pet behind the Gucci collar. Nevertheless, there is a peculiar focus on Tinkerbell in different forms of celebrity media; people seem to be especially moved by this dog and her destiny.In a discourse analysis of books, tabloid articles, reality show episodes, interviews and images from celebrity magazines, it is shown that imagery and text cooperate to produce Tinkerbell as a person. This is done through a number of different discursive techniques and among them is the linguistic prosthesis. This concept refers to the way people speak for animals, i.e. ascribe them a voice in first person singular, and it is often done in order to make sense of the animal’s behavior. By giving an animal a voice, the animal is made intoan active, social subject, but in the case of Tinkerbell, the voice of the produced canine subject is often heavily normative. It is used to criticize her mistress’ sometimes unreliable behavior, to question the mistreatment of pets, and to express a general critique against life in the lap of luxury. In the interplay between text and pet a certain form of common sense is produced and disseminated.The discussion is divided in two sections. First, it is argued that popular media’s fixation with Tinkerbell stems from the way the pet as a social phenomenon trifle with common dichotomies such as nature/culture, authenticity/simulation, wilderness/civilization, speech/speechlessness, child/adult and poor/rich. Second, the relation between representations of animals in media, such as wildlife films and TV-shows on dog-training and veterinary clinics, is discussed in relation to the epistemology of the reality show genre.
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