| 21. |
- Yu, Ji-Guo, et al.
(författare)
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Eccentric contractions leading to DOMS do not cause loss of desmin nor fibre necrosis in human muscle.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Histochemistry and Cell Biology. - : Springer. - 0948-6143 .- 1432-119X. ; 118:1, s. 29-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High force eccentric muscle contractions can result in delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), prolonged loss of muscle strength, decreased range of motion, muscle swelling and an increase of muscle proteins in the blood. At the ultrastructural level Z-line streaming and myofibrillar disruptions have been taken as evidence for muscle damage. In animal models of eccentric exercise-induced injury, disruption of the cytoskeleton and the sarcolemma of muscle fibres occurs within the first hour after the exercise, since a rapid loss of staining of desmin, a cytoskeletal protein, and the presence of fibronectin, a plasma and extracellular protein, are observed within the muscle fibres. In the present study, biopsies from subjects who had performed different eccentric exercises and had developed DOMS were examined. Our aim was to determine whether eccentric exercise leading to DOMS causes sarcolemmal disruption and loss of desmin in humans. Our study shows that even though the subjects had DOMS, muscle fibres had neither lost staining for desmin nor contained plasma fibronectin. This study therefore does not support previous conclusions that there is muscle fibre degeneration and necrosis in human skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise leading to DOMS. Our data are in agreement with the recent findings that there is no inflammatory response in skeletal muscle following eccentric exercise in humans. In combination, these findings should stimulate the search for other mechanisms explaining the functional and structural alterations in human skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Bergman, Mats A., et al.
(författare)
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Large investments in the pulp and paper industry : A count-data regression analysis
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Forest Economics. - : Now Publishers Inc.. - 1104-6899 .- 1618-1530. ; 8, s. 29-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses the effects of price and market size variables on the investment propensities in the pulp and paper industry. A panel of 15 European countries in the time period 1988-1997 is used in the regression analysis. We find the wages, the USD/ECU exchange rate, the price of paper and the installed production capacity to be the main determinants of large investments in this industry. Our measure of market size has no - or only very small - effects.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Paulson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Struggling for a Tolerable Existence : The meaning of Men's Lived Experiences of Living With Pain of Fibromyalgia Type
- 2002
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Ingår i: Qualitative Health Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1049-7323 .- 1552-7557. ; 12:2, s. 238-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic pain is a major health problem in Sweden because of its consequences in daily life. Fourteen men with fibromyalgia-type pain were interviewed regarding their experiences. A phenomenological hermeneutic method was used to interpret the transcribed interviews. Three major themes emerged: experiencing the body as an obstruction, being a different man, and striving to endure. Overall, the meaning of men's lived experience of chronic pain was experienced as change in the body, self, and relationships. Striving to live life required achieving balance during both calm and difficult phases of the illness--struggling for a tolerable existence. Information from this study could provide guidelines for health care staff members to give empathic and supportive care to men living with a long-term illness.
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| 28. |
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| 30. |
- Toma-Dasu, Iuliana, et al.
(författare)
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Theoretical simulation of oxygen tension measurement in the tissue using a microelectrode: II. Simulated measurements in tissues
- 2002
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 64:1, s. 109-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to make a computer simulation of tissues with different vascular structures and to simulate measurements of oxygen tension using an Eppendorf-like electrode in these tissues and to compare the response to radiation of the tissues with the real oxygen distributions (called input distribution) with the response to radiation of the tissues in which the oxygen distribution is given by the results of the simulated measurements (called output distribution).MATERIALS AND METHODS: The structure of various tissues and the measurements of oxygen tension using a microelectrode were simulated using a computer program. The mathematical model used combines the description of a gradient of tissue oxygenation and the electrode absorption process.RESULTS: We have compared the oxygen distributions resulting from diffusion (input) with those obtained from a simulation of measurements (output) for various tissues in the same points. Because the electrode measurement is an averaging process, the calculated oxygen distributions are different from the expected ones and the extreme high and low values are not detected. We have then calculated the survival curves describing the response to radiation if there is a small fraction of truly hypoxic cells (expected values) or a large fraction of cells at intermediate values (observed results) in order to determine the differences between them.CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study show that oxygen electrode measurements do not give the true distribution of pO(2) values in the tissue. However, our results do not contradict the numerous empirical correlations between the Eppendorf measurements of tumour oxygenation and the outcome of treatments. Measurement results will be misleading for modelling purposes since they do not reflect the actual distributions of oxygen tensions in the measured tissue. Decisions based on such modelling could be very dangerous, especially with respect to the clinical response of tumours to new treatments.
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