| 3511. |
- Stöven, Svenja, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of the Drosophila NF-kappaB factor Relish by rapid endoproteolytic cleavage.
- 2000
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Ingår i: EMBO Rep. - 1469-221X. ; 1:4, s. 347-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Rel/NF-kappaB transcription factor Relish plays a key role in the humoral immune response in Drosophila. We now find that activation of this innate immune response is preceded by rapid proteolytic cleavage of Relish into two parts. An N-terminal fragment, containing the DNA-binding Rel homology domain, translocates to the nucleus where it binds to the promoter of the Cecropin A1 gene and probably to the promoters of other antimicrobial peptide genes. The C-terminal IkappaB-like fragment remains in the cytoplasm. This endoproteolytic cleavage does not involve the proteasome, requires the DREDD caspase, and is different from previously described mechanisms for Rel factor activation.
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| 3512. |
- Stöven, Svenja, et al.
(författare)
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Caspase-mediated processing of the Drosophila NF-kappaB factor Relish.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. - 0027-8424. ; 100:10, s. 5991-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The NF-kappaB-like transcription factor Relish plays a central role in the innate immune response of Drosophila. Unlike other NF-kappaB proteins, Relish is activated by endoproteolytic cleavage to generate a DNA-binding Rel homology domain and a stable IkappaB-like fragment. This signal-induced endoproteolysis requires the activity of several gene products, including the IkappaB kinase complex and the caspase Dredd. Here we used mutational analysis and protein microsequencing to demonstrate that a caspase target site, located in the linker region between the Rel and the IkappaB-like domain, is the site of signal-dependent cleavage. We also show physical interaction between Relish and Dredd, suggesting that Dredd indeed is the Relish endoprotease. In addition to the caspase target site, the C-terminal 107 aa of Relish are required for endoproteolysis and signal-dependent phosphorylation by the Drosophila IkappaB kinase beta. Finally, an N-terminal serine-rich region in Relish and the PEST domain were found to negatively regulate Relish activation.
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| 3513. |
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| 3514. |
- Suhr, Ole B, et al.
(författare)
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Gastric emptying before and after liver transplantation for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, Portuguese type (Val30Met).
- 2003
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Ingår i: Amyloid. - 1350-6129 .- 1744-2818. ; 10:2, s. 121-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Liver transplantation is an accepted treatment of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP), Portuguese type (Val30Met), and the outcome so far seems promising. Gastric retention with nausea and vomiting are common complications of the disease, and may interfere with immuno-suppression therapy and prolong recovery after liver transplantation. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of gastric retention in FAP patients and to evaluate the impact liver transplantation has on gastric emptying. Twenty-two patients, who had undergone liver transplantation, and had been re-examined for gastric retention after the procedure, were included in the study. Gastric emptying was recorded by scintigraphy after the ingestion of a 99m-technetium (99mTc)-labelled meal (omelette). The half-time (T50) of the emptying phase was calculated. Gastrointestinal symptoms before and after transplantation were recorded, and the majority of patients were also subjected to an upper endoscopic examination, where the presence of solid residual in the stomach was regarded as consistent with gastric retention. A high frequency of gastric retention was noted among the patients both before and after transplantation, and no significant improvement for the group was noted, even though decreased gastric emptying was noted for patients with a duration of the disease for less that 4 years. Patients who improved their nutritional status after transplantation had a faster gastric emptying than those who deteriorated. From our findings it can be concluded that gastric retention is a common complication of FAP and that gastric emptying in patients with longstanding disease (> or = 4 years) is unchanged after liver transplantation.
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| 3515. |
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| 3516. |
- Suhr, Ole B, et al.
(författare)
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Scavenger treatment of free radical injury in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy : a study on Swedish transplanted and non-transplanted patients.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 61:1, s. 11-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since oxidative stress has been implicated in amyloid diseases, a study of scavenger treatment of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis was undertaken on 23 familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) patients. Nine patients had undergone a liver transplantation for the disease. Twenty patients completed the 6-month study period of scavenger treatment (vitamin C, 1 g, three times daily, vitamin E, 0.1 g, three times daily and acetylcysteine, 0.2 g three times daily). They were evaluated clinically and by immunohistochemical measurement of hydroxynonenal (HNE), a product of lipid peroxidation, in biopsy specimens. For non-transplanted patients, no improvement was found for HNE in relation to the amyloid content in biopsy specimens, whereas a tendency to a decreased amount was noted for transplanted patients. Clinically, no differences were found for non-transplanted patients, but an increased nutritional status, measured by a modified body mass index (mBMI) was noted for transplanted patients. In summary, scavenger treatment with the drugs and doses used in the present study appears to be unable to decrease lipid peroxidation in amyloid-rich tissue in non-transplanted FAP patients. For transplanted patients, lipid peroxidation tended to decrease, and the nutritional status measured by mBMI improved, even though the findings may be explained by liver transplantation alone, scavenger treatment may facilitate recovery after transplantation.
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| 3517. |
- Sullivan, Kirk P. H., et al.
(författare)
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Self-assessment in autonomous computer-aided L2 writing
- 2002
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Ingår i: ELT Journal. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 0951-0893 .- 1477-4526. ; 56:3, s. 258-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the results of a study carried out in Sweden to investigate the promotion of self‐assessment and reflection in the adult second language (L2) classroom. A method is proposed in which the computer is used first to record a writing session, and later to replay the entire text production in retrospective peer sessions. The method provides the students with an opportunity to look into their own composing processes both linguistically and holistically, as they view and discuss the reasons behind the different actions during the writing process. Results show that after using the method, all writers experienced useful, although different, insights into their own writing behaviours. Furthermore, this method is not restricted to an L2 environment, but is likely to be effective in other learning situations where reflection is useful for the acquisition process.
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| 3518. |
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| 3519. |
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| 3520. |
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