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Sökning: swepub > Umeå universitet > Annan publikation > Blomberg Anders

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  • Barath, Stefan, 1963-, et al. (författare)
  • Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide after experimental exposure to diesel exhaust and ozone in man
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a promising non-invasive index of airways inflammation that may be used to assess the respiratory effects of air pollution, and when sampled at multiple expiratory flow rates can measure inflammation at different levels of the airway tract. We evaluate FENO as a measure of airways inflammation after controlled exposure to dilute diesel exhaust and ozone. Methods: Using a double blind randomised cross-over design, healthy volunteers (26±5 years) were exposed to either diesel exhaust (particle concentration 300 µg/m3) and filtered air for one hour (n=10), or ozone(300 ppb) and filtered air for 75 minutes (n=36). FENO was measured in duplicate at expiratory flow rates of 10, 50, 100 and 270 mL/s before, 6 and 24 hours after the end of each exposure. Results: Exposure to diesel exhaust increased FENO at 6 hours compared to filtered air at expiratory flow rates of 10 mL/s [mean±SEM 60.8 ± 6.0 ppb versus 50.2 ± 5.9 ppb; P=0.01] and at 50 mL/s [18.6 ± 1.6 ppb versus 15.9 ± 1.5 ppb; P=0.011], but concentrations did not differ at higher flow rates. Increases in FENO following diesel exhaust were attenuated at 24 hours and exposure to ozone did not affect FENO at any flow rate or time point. Conclusion: Exposure to diesel exhaust, but not ozone, increases the concentration of FENO in healthy subjects consistent with an inflammatory effect in the central airways. Differences in the induction of airway inflammation may explain divergent responses to diesel exhaust and ozone with implications for the use of FENO as an index of exposure to air pollution.
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  • Gonzalez, Manuel Cruz, 1969-, et al. (författare)
  • Hyperleptinemia is associated with altered endothelial function
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Introduction The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Leptin effects on vascular endothelium may be a key mediator although contradictory results have been presented. We aimed to explore the effects of leptin on endothelial vasomotor and fibrinolytic function in healthy volunteers and patients with coronary heart disease.Methods and Results The vascular effects of leptin were assessed using venous occlusion plethysmography in healthy volunteers (n=17) and in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) (n=83). In healthy male volunteers, intra-arterial infusion of recombinant human leptin (80, 800 and 8,000 ng/min; n=10) did not affect forearm blood flow or plasma tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) concentrations (all P>0.05).  However, during concomitant co-infusion with leptin (800 ng/min; n=10), induced vasodilatation was reduced (P=0.001), and tPA activity increased (P=0.002). In line with this, patients with coronary heart disease included in the highest tertile of plasma leptin concentrations had reduced substance P-induced vasodilatation (P<0.001), and increased tPA antigen and activity release (p<0.001 and p=0.03 respectively) compared to those in the lowest tertile.Conclusions Although leptin does not directly affect basal vascular function, acute local and chronic systemic hyperleptinemia are associated with altered endothelial function in healthy volunteers and patients with coronary heart disease respectively. These results support hyperleptinemia as a link between obesity and cardiovascular disease.
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  • Resultat 1-10 av 21
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annan publikation  (21)Ta bort avgränsningen
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övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (19)
populärvet., debatt m.m. (2)
Författare/redaktör
Blomberg, Anders (17)Ta bort avgränsningen
Sandström, Thomas (11)
Pourazar, Jamshid (6)
Behndig, Annelie F. (5)
Blomberg, Anders, 19 ... (4)
Boman, Christoffer (4)
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Mudway, Ian (3)
Lindberg, Anne (3)
Kelly, Frank J. (3)
Mills, Nicholas L. (3)
Mudway, Ian S (3)
Nilsson, Ulf (2)
Pagels, Joakim (2)
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Barath, Stefan (2)
Newby, David E (2)
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Umeå universitet  (21)Ta bort avgränsningen
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Engelska (21)
Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB)
Medicin och hälsovetenskap (16)
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