| 43781. |
- Jha, Paridhi, et al.
(författare)
-
Cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of Childbirth Experience Questionnaire 2 in Karnataka state, India
- 2023
-
Ingår i: PloS one. - 1932-6203. ; 18:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Women's birthing experience is a sensitive indicator of the quality of childbirth care and can impact the physical and mental health of both women and their neonates. Negligible evidence exists on Indian women's birth experiences and-to the best of authors' knowledge-no questionnaire has been tested in India for measuring women's birthing experiences. This study aimed to test the construct validity and reliability of the Kannada-translated Revised Childbirth Experience Questionnaire. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among postnatal women (n = 251, up to six months postpartum, with a live healthy neonate) who had given birth at a public or private health facility using the Kannada-translated CEQ2 in two districts of Karnataka. Data were collected at participants' homes after seeking written informed consent. Model fit was determined by Confirmatory Factor Analyses. RESULTS: The 4-factor model of the CEQ2 showed good fit after deletion of one item (item 8, subcategory "participation") with CMIN = 1.33; SRMR = 0.04; GFI = 0.92, CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.037 and p value 0.002). The Cronbach alpha values were acceptable for the four subscales (0.92, 0.93, 0.97, 0.91) as well as for the overall 21-item scale (0.84). CONCLUSIONS: The Kannada-translated CEQ2 is a reliable tool to measure the childbirth experiences among Kannada-speaking women and can serve as a reliable ongoing evaluation of women's birth experiences.
|
|
| 43782. |
- Jha, Paridhi, et al.
(författare)
-
Developing and validating a tool for assessing the confidence in the competence of midwifery tutors in India on WHO core competency domains
- 2024
-
Ingår i: PLOS Global Public Health. - 2767-3375. ; 4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Negligible quantitative research evidence exists on standardisation and psychometric validation of questionnaires that measure midwifery educators’ confidence in their competence. This study developed a self-assessment of confidence in competence questionnaire in India based on the WHO Midwifery Educator Core Competencies (2014) with an aim to develop and validate a self-assessment tool measuring midwifery tutors’ confidence in competence in imparting quality midwifery education. The questionnaire was developed as part of a multicentre study to identify confident midwifery tutors for further training as educators, supporting India’s rollout of professional midwives. The questionnaire underwent rigorous psychometric testing among 2016 midwifery tutors in India. Following exploratory Principal Component Analyses (PCA), the nine core competencies outlined in the WHO document were analysed separately. The results indicate that the questionnaire is psychometrically valid, with an internal consistency range of 0.81–0.93 for the nine domains. This robust testing process ensures the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The self-assessment questionnaire can potentially be a valuable tool in India and other high-, middle-, and low-income countries. From a programmatic perspective, it can help identify key gaps and prioritise training needs, particularly in low-resource settings, so that limited resources are best utilised to fill the most prominent gaps. Furthermore, it can provide a universal platform for comparing data from different settings, facilitating global collaboration and learning in midwifery education.
|
|
| 43783. |
- Jha, Prabhat Kumar, 1997, et al.
(författare)
-
Games for Efficient Supervisor Synthesis
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Control Systems Letters. - : IEEE. - 2475-1456. ; 7, s. 2881-2885
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the connections between supervisory control theory and reactive synthesis. As the two fields use similar techniques there is great hope that technologies from one field could be used in the other. In this spirit, we provide an alternative reduction from the supervisor synthesis problem to solving Büchi games via games with a non-blocking objective. Our reduction is more compact and uniform than previous reductions. As a consequence, it gives an asymptotically better upper bound on the time complexity of the supervisory control synthesis problem. Our reduction also breaks a widely held belief about the impossibility of reducing the supervisory control synthesis problem to a game with a linear winning condition.
|
|
| 43784. |
- Jha, Sandeep, et al.
(författare)
-
Clinical management in the takotsubo syndrome.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Expert review of cardiovascular therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1744-8344 .- 1477-9072. ; 17:2, s. 83-93
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is an increasingly recognized acute heart failure syndrome which is self-limiting in most cases but can result in life-threatening complications. TS is difficult to distinguish from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) early in the disease course and currently lacks evidence-based treatment recommendations. Areas covered: Based on the available literature this systematic review discusses the clinical management of patients with TS during (i) the diagnostic workup; (ii) acutely after establishing the TS diagnosis; and (iii) after recovery of cardiac function. Expert commentary Since TS is self-limiting in most cases it is recommended to refrain from unnecessary treatment (the do no harm principle) when managing patients with TS. The management of patients with TS should focus on careful monitoring of ECG and hemodynamics, and on preventing and treating complications. Because catecholamine-mediated inotropic overstimulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of TS, and because inotropic drugs have been associated with worse outcomes for patients with TS, we recommend the treating physician to avoid these drugs. Instead, mechanical assist devices should be considered early for patients with TS who develop cardiogenic shock with signs of end-organ hypo-perfusion.
|
|
| 43785. |
- Jha, Sandeep, et al.
(författare)
-
Electrocardiographic predictors of adverse in-hospital outcomes in the Takotsubo syndrome.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1874-1754 .- 0167-5273. ; 299, s. 43-48
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is a life-threatening acute heart failure syndrome. However, little is known about risk factors for worse outcomes in TS and no high-risk ECG criteria have been defined. We sought to identify ECG predictors of life-threatening in-hospital complications in TS.Using the nationwide Swedish Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (SCAAR) we obtained data on all consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography at Sahlgrenska University Hospital between June 2008 and February 2019. For all patients with TS we conducted in-depth chart reviews to confirm the TS diagnosis. For those with confirmed TS we then evaluated all ECGs obtained during the index hospitalization. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of in-hospital major adverse cardiac event (MACE), defined as the composite of death, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (VT/VF), or atrioventricular block ≥2 or asystole ≫10s. We identified 215 patients with TS (mean age 69±13years; 93% women). MACE occurred in 34 patients (16%), of whom 20 had VT/VF (9,3%). Patients with MACE were less likely than those without MACE to have sinus rhythm (85% versus 96%, p=0.025) or T-wave inversion (29% versus 51%, p=0.025). After propensity score adjustment T-wave inversion was independently associated with lower MACE risk (adjusted odds ratio [AdjOR] 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.10-0.76, p=0.012) and VT/VF (AdjOR 0.24, 95% CI 0.06-0.94, p=0.041).T-wave inversion is common in TS and is associated with lower risk of MACE, driven by a lower risk of VT/VF.
|
|
| 43786. |
|
|
| 43787. |
- Jha, Vibhu, et al.
(författare)
-
Binding Analysis and Structure-Based Design of Tricyclic Coumarin-Derived MTHFD2 Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents: Insights from Computational Modeling
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Acs Omega. - 2470-1343. ; 8:16, s. 14440-14458
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unfolded protein response (UPR)-dependent metabolic reprogramming diverts metabolites from glycolysis to mitochondrial 1C metabolism, highlighting pharmacological resistance to folate drugs and overexpression of certain enzymes. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that plays a key role in 1C metabolism in purine and thymidine synthesis and is exclusively overexpressed in cancer cells but absent in most healthy adult human tissues. To the best of our knowledge, tricyclic coumarin-based compounds (substrate site binders) and xanthine derivatives (allosteric site binders) are the only selective inhibitors of MTHFD2 reported until the present date. The current study aims at the investigation of the available structural data of MTHFD2 in complex with potent and selective inhibitors that occupy the substrate binding site, further providing insights into binding mode, key protein-ligand interactions, and conformational dynamics, that correspond to the experimental binding affinities and biological activities. In addition, we carried out structure-based drug design on the substrate binding site of MTHFD2, by exploiting the cocrystal structure of MTHFD2 with the tricyclic coumarin-based inhibitor. The structure-based drug design campaign involves R-group enumeration, bioisostere replacement, molecular docking, ADME prediction, MM-GBSA binding free energy calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations, that led to a small library of new and potential compounds, capable of selectively inhibiting MTHFD2. The results reported herein are expected to benefit medicinal chemists working on the development of selective MTHFD2 inhibitors for cancer treatment, although experimental validation by biochemical and/or pharmacokinetic assays is required to substantiate the outcomes of the study.
|
|
| 43788. |
- Jha, Vibhu, et al.
(författare)
-
Binding Modes of Xanthine-Derived Selective Allosteric Site Inhibitors of MTHFD2
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Chemistryopen. - 2191-1363. ; 12:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD2) is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in 1 C metabolism that is upregulated in various cancer cells, but absent in normal proliferating cells. Xanthine derivatives are the first selective inhibitors of MTHFD2 which bind to its allosteric site. Xanthine derivatives (including the co-crystallized inhibitors) were herein interrogated by molecular/induced-fit docking, MM-GBSA binding free energy calculations and molecular dynamics simulations in both MTHFD2 and MTHFD1 (a close homolog expressed in healthy cells). The gained insights from our in silico protocol allowed us to study binding mode, key protein-ligand interactions and dynamic movement of the allosteric inhibitors, correlating with their experimental binding affinities, biological activities and selectivity for MTHFD2. The reported conformational changes with MTHFD2 upon binding of xanthine derivatives were furthermore evaluated and confirmed by RMSF analyses of the MD simulation trajectories. The results reported herein are expected to benefit in the rational design of selective MTHFD2 allosteric inhibitors.
|
|
| 43789. |
|
|
| 43790. |
- Jhang, SungHo, et al.
(författare)
-
Random telegraph noise in carbon nanotubes and peapods
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Current Applied Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-1739. ; 6, s. 987-991
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The switching of resistance between two discrete values, known as random telegraph noise (RTN), was observed in individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and C60-filled SWNTs (the so-called peapods). The RTN has been studied as a function of bias-voltage and gate-voltage as well as temperature. By analyzing the features of the RTN, we identify three different types of RTN existing in the SWNT related systems. While the RTN can be generated by the various charge traps in the vicinity of the SWNTs, the RTN for metallic SWNTs is mainly due to reversible defect motions between two metastable states, activated by inelastic scattering with ballistic electrons. On the other hand, the noise for peapods can be attributed to the motion of C60 molecules in hollow space of SWNTs.
|
|
