| 31. |
- Dahlin-Ivanoff, Synneve, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational therapy research on assistive technology and physical environmental issues: a literature review.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Canadian journal of occupational therapy. Revue canadienne d'ergothérapie. - 0008-4174. ; 73:2, s. 109-19
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To determine future directions for research in the area of assistive technology and physical environmental issues, it is important to have an understanding of prior research. PURPOSE: This literature review examined how assistive technology and physical environmental issues have been studied in the research published in international peer-reviewed occupational therapy journals. METHOD: Five recent volumes of nine journals were manually searched utilizing specific criteria. The publications were classified according to their perspective, application of the Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model, and the research design. RESULTS: Both research fields demonstrated use of different research methods and they displayed equal needs with regard to improved research methodologies. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: There are a lack of studies involving all three PEO components indicating a lack of research in occupational performance issues. Further research on occupational performance is important for developing occupational therapy practice in the area of assistive technology and physical environmental issues. Furthermore, study designs reflecting the societal level in all three PEO components are required. Finally, there is a strong need for conceptual and theoretical development in both fields.
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| 32. |
- Dahlin-Ivanoff, Synneve, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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The multiple meaning of home as experienced by very old Swedish people.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of occupational therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 14:1, s. 25-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore aspects of the meaning of home as experienced by very old single-living people in Sweden. A grounded theory approach was used, and interviews were conducted with 40 men and women aged 80-89. The findings indicate that home has a central place in the lives of very old people because it is where they live and spend so much time. The significance of the home is based on the fact that it means so many different things to the participants. The theme comprises two key categories: home means security and home means freedom. Each of these has three sub-categories. In home means security, these are: living in a familiar neighborhood, everything functions, and having memories to live on. Home means freedom comprises a place for reflection, a social meeting-point, and leaving your own mark. Home is part of the environment and influences the meaning and selection of activities that very old people decide to engage in. When occupational therapists prescribe assistive devices or recommend changes in the home environment, they must be very well aware of and reflect on what home means to their clients and base their measures on that.
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| 33. |
- Haak, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Home as a signification of independence and autonomy: experiences among very old Swedish people.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of occupational therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 14:1, s. 16-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore independence in the home as experienced by very old single-living people in Sweden. A grounded theory approach was used and interviews were conducted with 40 men and women aged 80-89. Data analysis revealed the core category "Home as a signification of independence" with two main categories: "Struggle for independence" and "Governing daily life". The findings showed that home is strongly linked to independence, and being independent is extremely valued. Explicit descriptions of the ageing process as an individual process of changing living conditions within the home emerged from the findings. Hence, the ageing process influences the participants' perception of themselves as independent persons. Along the ageing process the participants' view of independence changed from being independent in activity performance without help from others to experiencing independence in being able to make autonomous decisions concerning daily life at home. Consequently, there is a need to develop strategies to support very old people in staying as active and independent as possible in their own homes. In addition, since the findings highlight that independence is a complex construct, there is a need for conceptual differentiation between independence and a construct often used synonymously, namely autonomy.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Haak, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of successful place integration for perceived health in very old age: a qualitative meta-synthesis
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1661-8556 .- 1661-8564. ; 56:6, s. 589-595
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to increase our understanding of the multifaceted phenomenon of home and health, by exploring processes underlying these dynamics when living at home in very old age. A qualitative meta-synthesis was used on four complementary qualitative studies, based on data from the Swedish ENABLE-AGE In-depth Study, focusing on very old, single-living people's experiences of home in relation to participation, independence and health (N = 40). Over time, very old people manage increased frailty by means of three intertwined processes concerning changes in everyday life: The turning points, The struggle and The negotiations. The findings show that these processes take place through the context of the Homelike functional home and a state of mind labelled, The awareness of frailty. The results can be useful in constructing and implementing guidelines for more holistic approaches to housing provision for senior citizens. Further, the study delivers a deeper understanding about how very old people live their lives, useful for practitioners as well as it contributes to theory development within the context of ageing and environments.
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| 36. |
- Iwarsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of dependence in daily activities combined with a self-rating of difficulty.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of rehabilitation medicine : official journal of the UEMS European Board of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2081. ; 41:3, s. 150-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the information gained by extending a well-established instrument of dependence/independence in activities of daily living with a self-rating of difficulty, and to illustrate the relevance and usefulness of this combined approach with cross-national data. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: Cross-sectional survey study data collected with 1918 very old persons in 5 European countries. METHODS: The "ADL staircase assessment" of dependence/independence, extended with a self-rating of difficulty, was administered at home visits. Data distribution in the 5 national samples and analyses with or without use of the self-rating data were carried out. RESULTS: High proportions of the subjects were independent in most of the activities assessed, while substantial proportions reported difficulties. Considerable differences were identified among the national samples. In personal activities of daily living, those assessed as independent varied from 87% to 100%, while the proportion of those who rated themselves as "independent without difficulty" ranged from 53% to 98%. In instrumental activities, 33-91% were assessed as independent, while the proportions of "independent without difficulty" ranged from 24% to 77%. Analysis results differed as to whether or not self-ratings of difficulty were used. CONCLUSION: The combined approach to data collection gave a diversified, information-rich picture. The assessment used is easy to administer and can be used in practice contexts in different countries.
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| 37. |
- Ståhl, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of warning surfaces in pedestrian environments: The importance for blind people of kerbs, depth, and structure of tactile surfaces
- 2010
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Ingår i: DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 32:6, s. 469-482
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The overall purpose was to study whether and how persons with blindness detect warning surfaces with a long white cane in a real pedestrian environment after following a natural guidance surface to the warning surfaces. Of particular interest was the importance of kerb, depth, and structure of the warning surfaces. Method. A concurrently mixed methods approach, with a combination of observation using a structured form together with ‘think aloud’ and a structured interview, was used. It was done with well-defined samples and study sites in an inter-disciplinary research context. Results. The results show that the most important design characteristic for detection of the warning surfaces with a white cane is the structure of the surface, while the depth of the surface and availability of a kerb do not have any impact on the detection. A precondition was that there is a distinct natural guidance surface leading up to the warning surface. Conclusions. The probability among pedestrians with blindness to detect a tactile surface is not higher if the design solution has a kerb. This study also confirms the complexity of being a blind pedestrian in the traffic environment. The results can be used for evidence-based physical planning. The study also has implications for development of more efficient vision rehabilitation.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Brandt, Åse, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability test-retest of the Nordic Assisted Mobility Evaluation (NAME 1.0)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Challenges for Assistive Technology. - 9781586037918 ; , s. 85-87
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper describes preliminary results from the test-retest of the NAME 1.0. Four scales were tested: Mobility-related participation frequency; Mobility ease/difficulty; Mobility dependence; Extent of assistance in mobility. The test was conducted in the five Nordic countries. In all 147 mobility device users took part in the study, mean age 60 years (range 19 - 93). Each participant was interviewed twice by means of the NAME 1.0 with seven days' interval (SD 4) by interviewers trained in using the instrument. The reliability of two scales was good, and the reliability of one scale became good after it had been regrouped into fewer grades. The reliablity of the Mobility ease/difficulty scale was only moderate. Possible reasons for this are discussed. There is a need for further research.
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| 40. |
- Oswald, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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Homeward bound: Introducing a four-domain model of perceived housing in very old age
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1522-9610 .- 0272-4944. ; 26:3, s. 187-201, s. 168-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to introduce an integrative and more comprehensive approach to understanding and measuring perceived housing in old age. First, four conceptual domains of subjective housing were introduced, based on the assumption that each of the domains brings a unique perspective to the understanding of perceived housing: housing satisfaction, usability in the home, meaning of home and housing-related control beliefs. Second, relationships between the proposed domains were empirically examined using correlative analysis, factor analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques. Cross-cultural similarities and differences in the observed empirical relations were then analysed across three Western European countries. Data were drawn from a sub-sample of the participants in the European ENABLE-AGE Project amounting to 1223 old adults aged 80-89 years and living alone in their private homes in Swedish, British, and German urban regions. The ENABLE-AGE data set has the advantage of containing measures related to all four domains of perceived housing which are the focus of this paper. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis as well as of the SEM give empirical support for the usefulness of the theoretically proposed four component model of perceived housing. Furthermore, multi-group analysis supports the assumption of similarity of perceived housing among older people living in the different countries. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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