| 1. |
- Fläckman, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Despite shattered expectations a willingness to care for elders remains with education and clinical supervision
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 21:3, s. 379-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to describe nursing home (NH) caregivers' work experiences while receiving education and clinical supervision for 2 years. Working in elder care seems to be losing its attraction especially with organizational changes, cutbacks and changes in work place conditions. Clinical supervision has been reported to increase job satisfaction and creativity. Semi-structured interviews from caregivers working at an NH in Sweden were conducted, at the start and again at 12 and 24 months. At about 12 months the caregivers were informed of planned cutbacks. Content analysis was the method used to analyse the interviews from seven caregivers who participated throughout the entire period. Findings show that the value of a caring milieu was one category generated by the subcategories: experiences related to work activities and changes, and experiences related to relationships. The value of knowledge was the other category that was influenced by the experiences related to the different backgrounds and the experiences related to increased knowledge gained from the support through education and clinical supervision. The categories contained positive as well as negative influences on care. The initial focus on practical duties associated with the opening of the NH shifted towards caregiver activities with the elders they spoke warmly about. After 2 years the caregivers' willingness to care continued despite their disappointment in the worsened working conditions. The main theme that resulted was: Despite shattered expectations a willingness to care for elders remained. Continued education and clinical supervision seems to be one factor behind the retained willingness. These findings demonstrate that support and caregiver involvement in educational programmes are important during times of change and when disappointments arise in the workplace.
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| 2. |
- Ibragimova, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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The utility of ICF for describing interaction in non-speaking children with disabilities : caregiver ratings and perceptions
- 2007
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 29:22, s. 1689-1700
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to explore the utility of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) when assessing caregivers' perceptions of interaction and factors related to interaction in non-speaking children with disability.METHOD: A questionnaire with focus on interaction and related factors was constructed by linking questions in existing instruments to ICF and was completed by 208 professionals and parents of 195 non-speaking children with disabilities in Russia. Caregivers' descriptions of interaction in open-ended questions were qualitatively analysed and compared to selected caregivers' ratings of children's functioning and environment in the questionnaire based on ICF.RESULTS: In the open-ended questions about interaction the caregivers described modes of communication children used, situations in which interactions took place, positive and negative aspects of interactions. Thirty eight respondents described interaction with children negatively, 66 neutrally, and 76 positively. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences among the three groups of respondents concerning their ratings of children's functioning and environment in the ICF-based questionnaire.CONCLUSIONS: The ICF-related items in the questionnaire corresponded to caregivers' perceptions of interaction, which shows their relevance for the description of interactions. ICF is feasible in describing of interaction and interaction-related factors in non-speaking children with disabilities in Russia.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Ann-Christin, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial stress factors among patients with lumbar disc herniation, scheduled for disc surgery in comparison with patients scheduled for arthroscopic knee surgery
- 2007
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Ingår i: European spine journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-6719 .- 1432-0932. ; 16:7, s. 961-970
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Returning to work after disc surgery appears to be more heavily influenced by psychological aspects of work than by MR-identified morphological alterations. It is still not known whether psychosocial factors of importance for outcome after disc surgery are present preoperatively or develop in the postoperative phase. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of work-related stress, life satisfaction and demanding life events, among patients undergoing first-time surgery for lumbar disc herniation in comparison with patients scheduled for arthroscopic knee surgery. Sixty-nine patients with disc herniation and 162 patients awaiting arthroscopy were included in the study, during the time period March 2003 to May 2005. Sixty-two percent of the disc patients had been on sick leave for an average of 7.8 months and 14 percent of the knee patients had been on sick leave for an average of 4.2 months. The psychosocial factors were investigated preoperatively using a questionnaire, which was a combination of the questionnaire of quality of work competence (QWC), life satisfaction (LiSat9) and life events as a modification of the social readjustment scale. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of work-related stress or the occurrence of demanding life events. The disc patients were significantly less satisfied with functions highly inter-related to pain and discomfort, such as present work situation, leisure-time, activities of daily living (ADL) function and sleep. Patients with disc herniation on sick leave were significantly less satisfied with their present work situation than knee patients on sick leave; this sub-group of patients with disc herniation also reported significantly higher expectations in relation to future job satisfaction than knee patients. The results indicate that psychosocial stress is not more pronounced preoperatively in this selected group of disc patients, without co-morbidity waiting for first-time disc surgery, than among knee patients awaiting arthroscopy. It was notable that the disc patients had high expectations in terms of improved job satisfaction after treatment by surgery.
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| 4. |
- Andersén, Jim, 1976-
(författare)
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A holistic approach to acquisition of strategic resources
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of European Industrial Training. - : Emerald. - 0309-0590 .- 1758-7425. ; 31:8, s. 660-677
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this article is to provide a holistic framework for the acquisition of strategic resources.Design/methodology/approach: The literature dealing with resource creation is reviewed and analyzed from a resource-based point of view. The major methods of acquiring resources are identified through the literature review and the applicability of the framework proposed is illustrated with an empirical example.Findings: Three ways of acquiring strategic resources are identified-- direct investments, organizational processes, and product market positioning. All three ways of acquisition can be intentional or unintentional. Arguments for using this six-dimension scale are provided through deductive reasoning, literature review, and the empirical example.Research implications/limitations: The study identifies the six dimensions of strategic resource acquisition. However, integration of these dimensions is not a subject addressed in this study. Cluster analysis of companies according to these dimensions could enhance our understanding of the characteristics of companies regarding resource acquisition.Originality/value: Whereas previous studies have generally used a single-theory approach, this study highlights the importance of having a holistic outlook when analyzing resource-based competitive advantages.
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| 5. |
- Andersén, Jim, 1976-
(författare)
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How and what to imitate? : A sequential model for the imitation of competitive advantages
- 2007
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Ingår i: Strategic Change. - : Wiley. - 1086-1718 .- 1099-1697. ; 16:6, s. 271-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research in competitiveness generally focuses on how competitive advantages can be developed. This is an important area of research, but as a consequence the process of imitation of competitive advantages has become a neglected area of research.A conceptual sequential model for the imitation of competitive advantages is presented. The model mainly draws on resource-based theory, provides a holistic view of the imitation process, identifies different hindrances to imitation of competitive advantages, and presents arguments for the scheme chosen.
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| 6. |
- Lantz, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Job design for learning in work groups
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Workplace Learning. - : Emerald. - 1366-5626 .- 1758-7859. ; 19:5, s. 269-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose--What is required of job design and production planning, if they are to result in a work group taking a self-starting approach and going beyond what is formally required of it? This paper aims to contribute to group research by testing a theoretical model of relations between job design on the one hand (captured as completeness, demand on responsibility, demand on cooperation, cognitive demand, and learning opportunities), and reflexivity and learning processes within natural work groups in industry on the other hand. Design/methodology/approach--The results are based on detailed task analyses and questionnaires from 40 work groups at the shop-floor level in manufacturing industry in Sweden. Findings--Job design and work routines show strong effects on reflexivity and learning processes. Four dimensions of job design--completeness, demand on cooperation, cognitive demand and learning opportunities--impact on reflexivity and learning processes. Job design correlates with social routines, and social routines with work routines. Practical implications--It is crucial to create a job design that puts challenging demands on the group if group processes are to be characterized by reflexivity and learning. Managers have a challenging task to provide both a space and a climate that supports reflexivity and learning. All functions affected by production planning need to be involved in job design to balance conflicts between productivity and innovation. Originality/value--Detailed task analysis is worthwhile as it captures aspects that are prerequisites for innovative groups not previously accounted for. (Contains 2 figures and 4 tables.)
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| 7. |
- Stödberg, Rosa, et al.
(författare)
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Lived experience of significant others of persons with diabetes
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - Oxford : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 16:7b, s. 215-222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. To elucidate the lived experience of being a significant other of a person withdiabetes.Background. A person’s illness has consequences not only for the affected. Despite an increasing number of studies on significant others, there have been few about the experience of being a significant other of a person with diabetes.Design. Phenomenological-hermeneutic approach.Method. Fifteen significant others of persons with diabetes were interviewed.The interviews were conversational, starting with an open question. They were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. The texts were analysed and interpreted.Results. The meaning of the lived experienced as narrated by the significant others is presented by way of four major themes: living in concern about the other’s health, striving to be involved, experiencing confidence and handling the illness. Many significant others said that they lived a normal life and had come to accept diabetes as a normal part of life. At the same time, the significantothers experienced sorrow when they saw the health of the person with diabetes deteriorate over time.Conclusions. Living near a person with diabetes meant being constantly attentive to how the person was feeling. The significant others wanted to be involved in the illness by the persons with diabetes and healthcare staff. They felt confidenceboth in the way the person with diabetes handled the illness and in the ongoing research about diabetes. The significant others had found ways to handle the illness but lacked support from healthcare staff.Relevance to Clinical Practice. Nurses need to provide support for significant others as well as good caring for the patients and this requires a profound understanding of significant others from their own perspective.
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| 8. |
- Neander, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Wireless Vibration Monitoring (WiVib) - An Industrial Case Study
- 2007
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Ingår i: 2007 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (EFTA 2007). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781424408269 - 9781424408252 ; , s. 920-923
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Testing in realistic environments is often overlooked in the early development of new technology. This paper describes a test to evaluate the whole chain from an accelerometer mounted on a motor to a sensor node sending wireless data to an access point. A pilot gives a great opportunity to get input from end-users (which could be very useful at the initial stages of a project), and provide potential contacts for next pilots.The goal of the pilot was to get a better understanding of the targeted environment and possible interference It may also lead to the discovery of issues not yet thought of, issues important for the resulting design of the end product.
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| 9. |
- Nilsagård, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Self-perceived limitations of gait in persons with multiple sclerosis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Advances in Physiotherapy. - London : Informa UK Limited. - 1403-8196 .- 1651-1948. ; 9:3, s. 136-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to describe the self-perceived walking limitations of those with multiple sclerosis (MS) using the Swedish translation of the 12-item MS Walking Scale [MSWS-12 (S)], and to investigate it for concurrent validity and internal consistency. Eighty-one persons, recruited from five centres in Sweden, were tested using the Four Square Step Test (FSST), the Timed Up and Go cognitive (TUGcog) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) in randomized order, besides filling in the MSWS-12 (S). Perceived limitations were reported in 89-96% of the sample, i.e. performance of activities related to standing or walking, decreased speed and distance, and qualitative aspects; and self-perception regarding the ability to run being most extremely affected. Correlations between the MSWS-12 (S) and the objective tests were low, as were correlations between items in the MSWS-12 (S) and the BBS or time taken to complete the TUGcog or the FSST. The internal consistency was acceptable for nine of the 12 items (0.7-0.84). The majority of the sample experienced limitations in several aspects of their walking ability. Concurrent validity was not established between the MSWS-12 (S) and the other tests. There may be a discrepancy in self- perception of disability and objective measures. The use of subjective, as well as objective measures is recommended.
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| 10. |
- Norling, Martina, 1967-
(författare)
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Early intervention for young children in preschool – general and specific support : Which pedagogical methods are applied in preschool for children in need of special support?
- 2007
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Ingår i: <em> </em>.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Which pedagogical support, methods and programs are applied in preschool for children in need of special support and grey zone children? The aim of this study was to investigate, identify and describe different ways of pedagogic support, methods and programs children in need of special support obtain in preschool today and if the support matches the individual child’s needs.In Sweden, most children spend time at preschools from an early age. About 76% of Swedish children in the age range 1-5 years spend several hours at preschool or in family child care every weekday. Also the majority of young children in need of special support spend several hours every weekday day in preschools. Thus, besides the family setting, preschools is the natural environment in which most early intervention services to children in need of special support are provided. Preschool includes both general early childhood education provided to all children and special interventions provided to children in need of special support (Björck-Åkesson & Granlund, 2005). By law the preschool has a special responsibility for children in need of special support. The community should offer the child a placement in a preschool and to adapt the education to all children in the preschool. The number of children in need of special support has increased since 1999, and 55% of the communities in Sweden mean that the support to those children is not sufficient (Skolverket, 2004).The data collection in this study consists of interviews from 34 preschools teachers. The study consists of both qualitative and quantitative analyzes.The data suggest that pedagogical support include five categories related to direct and indirect support: attitudes, language support, physical support, child support and support in the environment. Six categories of methods were found, language, motor activities, more adult time, expression activities, professional and pedagogical programs.
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