| 1. |
- Andersson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of Swedish and American smokeless tobacco extract on periodontal ligament fibroblasts in vitro
- 2006
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 30:3, s. 89-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Use of moist snuff is widespread in Sweden. In 2004 approximately 8oo,ooo Swedes were daily users which corresponds to 22% of the male population and 3% of the female population. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Swedish moist snuff extract on PDLfibroblast growth and hard tissue production and compare with moist snuff extract from USA. Periodontal ligament cells (PDL-cells) were obtained from 3 healthy subjects (1 female 14 years, 2 males 14 and 17 years) from the root surface of premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons. The cells were isolated from explants and grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FBS) and cultivated in 37 degrees C with 5% CO2 in air. Snuff extract in concentrations 0.3%, 1% and 3% (in DMEM with 1% FBS) was tested. Cells from each individual were tested three times, each time in triplicate. Photographs were taken at o and 24 hours with a digital camera and analysed in terms of growth and morphology. Then the cell suspension was frozen and later thawed for examination of the production of alkaline phosphatase after exposure to different snuff concentrations. This in vitro study has shown that PDL cells from 3 different subjects demonstrated a reduced number of cells at exposure to 3% of both Swedish and American snuff extract.The production of alkaline phosphatase after 2 hours was similarly reduced from cells exposed to 3% snuff extract. Further studies have to be made to understand the effect of smokeless tobacco on periodontal tissues. However, from this study can be concluded that smokeless tobacco has biological effects in terms of reduced PDL cell growth and production of alkaline phosphatase
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| 2. |
- Jansson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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The Microbial Outcome Observed with Polymerase Chain Reaction in Subjects with Recurrent Periodontal Disease following local treatment with 25% metronidazole gel
- 2004
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 28:2, s. 67-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial outcome in patients with recurrent periodontal disease following treatment with 25% metronidazole gel using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Twenty subjects in a maintenance care program but with recurrent periodontal disease participated. Three months after scaling and root planing a total of 40 sites, 2 in each patient, with pocket probing depth of > or = 5 mm were selected. One site randomly selected was treated with 25% metronidazole gel (test) and the other site with a placebo gel (control). A bacterial sample was collected on paperpoint from each test and control site at baseline and 12 weeks after treatment. The following pathogens were analysed and detected with PCR:Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) and Prevotella nigrescens (P.n.). At baseline, A.a., P.g. and P.n. were detected in 30, 60 and 70% of all test sites and in 32, 58 and 21% of all control sites. There was a statistically significant difference between the test and control sites for P.n. at baseline. The major difference after treatment with 25% metronidazole gel was the increase of positive control sites for P.g. and P.n. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence rate of A.a., P.g. and P.n. at test and control sites after treatment. This study has shown that 25% metronidazole gel treatment did not seem to influence the microbial outcome, when PCR was used to analyse the presence/absence of A.a., P.g. and P.n. in this group of subjects with recurrent periodontal disease.
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| 3. |
- Sinkiewicz, Gabriella, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of dietary supplementation with lactobacillus reuteri on the oral flora of healthy subjects
- 2010
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 34:4, s. 197-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Investigate the presence of Lactobacillus reuteri in saliva after supplementation with L. reuteri and the probiotic effect of L. reuteri on plaque index and supra- and subgingival microbiota. Material and Methods: The study included 23 healthy individuals, randomised into test or control subjects. At baseline and after 12 weeks saliva samples, plaque index and supra- and subgingival plaque samples were obtained. The test subjects were given the study product (containing L. reuteri, ATCC 55730 and ATCC PTA 5289) and the control subjects placebo for 12 weeks. Microbiological analyses were done by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique and selective culturing for lactobacilli determination. Results: A significant increase in total Lactobacillus counts in saliva occurred in both groups (p<0.05) with a significant increase of L. reuteri (p=0.008) in the test group. Ter- mination of intervention resulted in a wash out of L. reuteri. The control group demon- strated a statistically significant increase in PlI after 12 weeks (p=0.023) whilst there was no significant change in the test group. A significant increase was found for most bacterial species in both groups in supra- and subgingival plaque with no significant difference for any of the species between the groups. The ratio between ”bad/good” supragingival bacteria decreased for the test group but this decrease did not reach significance. The corresponding ratio for subgingival bacteria decreased significantly in both groups. Supplementation of L. reuteri resulted in presence of L. reuteri in saliva but L. reuteri was washed out after termination of intervention. No significant effect on supra- or subgingival microbiota was observed. The significant increase in PlI in the control group with no significant change in the test group may, however, indicate a probiotic effect of L. reuteri in this study population.
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| 4. |
- Sinkiewicz, Gabriela, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri on the oral flora of healthy subjects
- 2009
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - : Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 33:4, s. 211-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this stydy was to assess whether supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri could have an impact on the oral microbiota. Material and Methods: Twent-three healthy people aged 29 to 63 years were included. A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study was executed consisting of 12 persons in the test group which was given the study product twice a day for twelve weeks containing L. reuteri (an equal mix of ATCC 55730 and PTA 5289 at a total of 2x108 CFU/dose) and the control group of 11 persons having corresponding placebo. Pre and post of study period plaque index and oral health status (gingivitis, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing) were measured together with sampling of supra-, subgingival plaque and saliva collection. Microbiological analysis was done by using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique and selective culturing for lactobacilli determination. Four weeks after the last intake of the product reassessments of plaque and saliva was performed. Results: No difference in general oral health could be observed between the groups after L. reuteri supplementation. Plaque index increased significantly in the control group after twelve weeks (p= 0.023). A significant increase in total Lactobacillus counts in saliva occurred in both groups (p<0.05). The probiotic intervention resulted in a significant increase of L. reuteri (p=0.008) corresponding to 13.8% of the total lactobacilli couont. A distribution ratio of 1:4 (ATCC 55730/ATCC PTA 5289) between the two installed L. reuteri strains in saliva was noticed. Termination of intervention resulted in a wash out of L. reuteri. A significant increase was found for most bacterial species in both groups and both in supra- and subgingival plaque during the test period. There was no significant difference detected for any of the bacterial species between the groups neither in plaque location. The ratio between "bad/good" supragingival bacteria decreased for the test group, however, not significant. The corresponding ratio for subgingival bacteria decreased significantly for both groups (p= 0.05)with no significant difference between the groups. Conclusions: The supplementation of L. reuteri did not affect general oral health. Presence of L. reuteri in saliva is only temporary and washed out after termination of intervention. Microbiologically no significant effect of the probiosis was observed. It can not be concluded whether L. reuteri was established in the plaque of the test group or not.
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| 5. |
- Sinkiewicz, Gabriela, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri on the oral flora of healthy subjects
- 2010
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - : The Swedish Dental Association and the Swedish Dental Society. - 0347-9994. ; 34:4, s. 197-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Avsikten med studien var att undersöka förekomsten av Lactobacillus reuteri i saliv ef- ter användandet av ett probiotiskt kosttillskott innehållande L. reuteri samt fastställa om L. reuteri har effekt på plackindex (PlI) samt på den supra- och subgingivala mikrofloran. Studien var dubbelblind, randomiserad, placebokontrollerad och löpte över 12 veckor. Totalt deltog 23 friska individer randomiserade i test- respektive kontrollgrupp. I försöket testades placebotuggummi mot tuggummi med L. reuteri (ATCC 55730 och ATCC PTA 5289). Tuggummi togs 2 gånger per dag, morgon och kväll efter tandborstning. Startda- gen och efter 12 veckor samlades vilosaliv samt plack supra- och subgingivalt. Dessutom bedömdes plackindex enligt Silness & Löe på 4 indextänder mesialt och distalt. Efter ytterligare 4 veckor gjordes en uppföljning med prov på saliv och bedömning av plack på indextänderna. Mikrobiologisk analys utfördes med hjälp av checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridiseringsteknik samt odling på selektiva medier för bestämning av laktobacill- populationen. Totala laktobacillhalten i saliv ökade signifikant i båda grupperna (p<0,05) med en signifikant ökning av L. reuteri i testgruppen (p=0,008). Efter 16 veckor påträffades ingen L. reuteri i saliv. Kontrollgruppen visade en signifikant ökning av PII efter 12 veckor (p=0,023), medan testgruppen inte visade någon förändring. I båda grupperna regist- rerades en signifikant ökning supra- och subgingivalt av de flesta bakteriearter, men det fanns ingen signifikant skillnad mellan grupperna för undersökta bakterier. Kvoten mellan ”onda/goda” supragingivala bakterier minskade i testgruppen men var inte sig- nifikant. Motsvarande kvot för subgingivala bakterier minskade signifikant i båda grup- perna. Slutsats: Intag av L. reuteri resulterade i förekomst av L. reuteri i saliv men bakterien måste tillföras kontinuerligt. Ingen signifikant förändring i den undersökta supra- och subgingivala mikrofloran kunde påvisas. Den signifikanta ökningen i PlI i kontrollgruppen utan motsvarande förändring i testgruppen kan tyda på en probiotisk effekt av L. reuteri i denna population
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| 6. |
- Stagnér, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical evaluation of local antibiotic treatment in smokers with chronic periodontitis in a maintenance care program
- 2009
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 33:4, s. 201-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka om lokal antibiotika gel, 8,8 % Doxycyklin (Atridox®), kan förbättra läkningen av inflammerade tandköttsfickor hos vuxna rökande patienter under stödbehandling. Material och Metod I den här experimentellt blinda randomiserade studien valdes 20 rökande patienter (≥ 10 cigaretter/dag) med diagnos kronisk parodontit ut från ett parodontalt stödbehandlingsprogram. Varje patient hade ≥ 5 tänder, och ≥ 5 tandköttsfickor med fickdjup ≥ 5 millimeter. Patienterna indelades i två grupper, 10 i testgruppen (Doxycyklingel 8,8 %, Atridox®) och 10 i kontrollgruppen (Placebogel). Vid baseline och 3 månader efter behandling utfördes följande kliniska registreringar: fickdjup (PPD), klinisk fästenivå (CAL), blödning vid sondering (BOP), och plackindex (PLI) vid 4 ytor på alla indextänder. Mätning av mängden gingivalexudat (GI) utfördes vid 2 ytor på indextänder. Tandhygienist (KS) utförde scaling och debridering i hela bettet, även molarer (full-mouth). Tandläkare behandlade omgående patienterna i testgruppen med applicering av antibiotikagel Atridox® i minst 5 tandköttsfickor med primärt fickdjup ≥ 5 millimeter och blödning vid sondering. Patienterna i kontrollgruppen fick placebogel applicerad på motsvarande sätt. Efter applikationen av gel sköljde patienterna med 0,1 % klorhexidin i 7-10 dagar då mekanisk munhygien inte fick utföras under den perioden. Statistiska analyser Statistikprogram som användes var StatXact och Excel. Statistiska metoder Wilcoxon rank och Wilcoxon tecken rank test. P-värden ≤ 0.05 har bedömts som statistiskt signifikanta. Medelvärden över alla tänder/ytor har använts för varje patient och med patienten som statistisk enhet. Resultat När studien avslutades var det 16 patienter kvar. 4 patienter exkluderades ur studien på grund av sjukdom. Dessvärre visade det sig att bortfallet endast var i testgruppen som då bestod av 4 kvinnor och 2 män med genomsnittsålder 56,3 år. I kontrollgruppen ingick 5 kvinnor och 5 män med genomsnittsålder 59,4 år. Tre månader efter behandling noterades signifikant förbättring för testgruppen avseende PPD -1.36 mm (p=0.0313), signifikant förbättring för kontrollgruppen avseende PPD -1.07 mm (p=0.0020), CAL -0.65 mm (p=0.0200) och BoP (p=0.0078). Efter 3 månader fanns det ingen signifikant skillnad mellan test- och kontrollgrupp avseende samtliga parametrar. När resultaten av samtliga tänder (inklusive indextänder) analyserades noterades signifikant förbättring av PPD för både test- (p=0.0313) och kontrollgrupp (p=0.0039). Signifikant förbättring noterades även för kontrollgruppen av BOP, CAL och GI. Ingen signifikant skillnad mellan doxycyklin- respektive placebobehandlade bett avseende samtliga parametrar. Slutsats Resultatet av den här randomiserade kontrollerade studien kunde inte visa statistisk signifikant skillnad mellan test- och kontrollgrupp i det här begränsade materialet. Lokal antibiotikabehandling med 8,8 % Doxycyklingel (Atridox®) hade inte någon tilläggseffekt till scaling och debridering hos vuxna rökare med diagnos kronisk parodontit i ett stödbehandlingsprogram. Resultatet visade god läkning och signifikant förbättring av inflammerade tandköttsfickor efter subgingival scaling och debridering i både test- och kontrollgrupp utan någon skillnad mellan antibiotika- och placebogel.
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| 7. |
- Wallin Bengtsson, Viveca, et al.
(författare)
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Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and periodontitis, a pilot study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 35:1, s. 33-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Målet med studien var att undersöka om parodontala parametrar och elastas i gingivalvätska (GCF) skilde sig hos individer med alfa-1-antrypsin-brist (AAT-brist) jämfört med individer med normal AAT-halt. I studien ingick 30 individer, varav 20 med allvarlig AAT-brist, fenotyp PiZZ. Tio individer med AAT- brist led av kronisk obstruktiv lungsjukdom (KOL) (grupp 1) och 10 var symptomfria (grupp 2). Tio individer med normal AAT-halt, fenotyp PiMM (grupp 3), utgjorde kontrollgrupp och rekryterades från en allmäntandvårdsklinik. Undersökningen bestod av insamling av GCF, gingivalindex (GI), plackindex (PlI), fickdjupsmätning (PPD) och röntgen. GCF samlades in med hjälp av pappers-strips (Periopaper®). AAT i plasma mättes med nefelometri och AAT i GCF mättes med ELISA. Elastasaktivitet och proteinmängd i GCF bestämdes med spektrofotometri. Medelvärden för GI, PlI, PPD och röntgenmätningar visade inga statistiskt signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna. AAT i plasma och GCF visade mycket låga värden i grupp 1 och 2 utan några signifikanta skillnader mellan grupperna men en signifikant skillnad i jämförelse med grupp 3. Elastas i gingivalvätska visade inga skillnader mellan de tre grupperna. Sammanfattningsvis visade varken parodontala värden eller elastas i GCF några skillnader hos individer med AAT- brist, fenotyp PiZZ, jämfört med individer med normal AAT-halt, fenotyp PiMM, i detta material.
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| 8. |
- Wallin-Bengtsson, Viveca, et al.
(författare)
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Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and periodontitis, a pilot study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 35:1, s. 33-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate if periodontal parameters and elastase in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are different in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficient (AATD) subjects compared to subjects with normal AAT level. Thirty subjects were included, 20 of whom with severe AATD, phenotype PiZZ. Ten AATD subjects suffered from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, group 1) and 10 were asymptomatic (group 2). Ten control subjects, phenotype PiMM, (group 3) were recruited from a public dental clinic. The examination comprised of sampling of GCF, Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PII), probing pocket depth (PPD) and radiography. GCF was collected with paper strips (Periopaper (R)). Plasma AAT concentration was measured by nephelometry and AAT in GCF with ELISA. Elastase activity and protein in GCF were determined by spectrophotometry. The mean values for GI, PII, PPD and the radiological measurements did not show any statistically significant differences between the groups. AAT in plasma and GCF demonstrated very low values in groups 1 and 2 with no significant difference between these groups but a statistical difference in comparison with group 3. Elastase in GCF did not show any difference between the three groups. In conclusion, neither the periodontal parameters nor the elastase in GCF were different in AATD subjects, phenotype PiZZ, when compared to subjects with normal AAT level, phenotype PiMM, in this material.
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| 9. |
- Zee, Kwan Yat, et al.
(författare)
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Implication of cervical enamel projection to furcation involvement in molars. A pilot clinical study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 27:3, s. 105-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of cervical enamel projection (CEP) with furcation involvement (FI) and compare the healing response of molars with or without CEP after surgery. A total of 30 patients contributing 78 maxillary and mandibular first or second molars were included. Plaque Index (PII), Gingival Index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and probing attachment level (PAL) were measured before surgery and 1 and 3 or 6 months postoperatively. During surgery, CEPs were identified and classified with a modified grading system from Masters & Hoskins (24). FI was measured hori-zontally from the buccal aspect into the furcation with a graduated probe to the nearest mm. Any measurement > or = 1 mm was consid-ered as FI. CEPs were found in 33 molars (42%). Grade III CEPs were found in 14 teeth, Grade IIIb in 4 teeth, Grade II in 1 tooth and Grade I in 14 teeth. The results showed no significant correlation of CEP with FI. Nor was CEP significantly affecting the PPD and PAL 3 or 6 months after surgery. However, FI was a significant factor in the fur-ther loss of PAL after surgery. Further studies, involving larger sample size may be necessary in order to give more conclusive results.
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| 10. |
- Zee, Kwan Yat, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of cervical enamel projection and its correlation with furcation involvement in eskimos dry skulls
- 2003
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 27:1, s. 43-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of cervi-cal enamel projection (CEP) in molars of Eskimo dry skulls and to study the correlation of CEP with furcation involvement (FI). The ma-terial consisted of 834 upper and lower first and second permanent molars from 133 Eskimo dry skulls. CEPs were investigated from the buccal aspect of the tooth and classified according to a system modi-fied from Masters & Hoskins (12). FI was measured horizontally from the buccal aspect into the furcation with a graduated probe to the nearest mm. Any measurement > or = 2 mm was considered to have positive FI. The result showed a presence of 72% of CEPs among the examined molars. Grade III was found in 53%, Grade II in 9% and Grade I in 11% of the 834 molars. Lower molars had a higher preva-lence of CEPs (78%) than upper molars (67%). With the individual skull used as the unit for analysis, a statistically significant correlation of CEP with FI was found in upper right 2nd molar, upper left 1st mo-lar, lower left 1st and 2nd molars and lower right 1st molar. These re-sults may be of clinical importance since the impact of CEPs to perio-dontal treatment of FIs has been discussed.
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