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- Eliasson, Ingegärd, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatet vänder turistströmmar
- 2009
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Ingår i: Miljöforskning. ; 1, s. 24-25:1, s. 24-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Haglund, Björn, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Afterschool Programs and Leisure-Time Centres: Arenas for Learning and Leisure
- 2009
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Ingår i: World Leisure Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0441-9057 .- 1607-8055 .- 2333-4509. ; 51:2, s. 116-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Afterschool programs in the United States and leisure-time centres in Sweden could emphasize children’s leisure as well as be of importance to children’s learning. However, in both cases, the association to leisure is mostly ignored and the acceptance is not widely practiced. Instead, other discourses that partly are more related to the field of education serve as a guide for programming in afterschool programs and leisure-time centres. The authors present the argument that afterschool programs and leisure-time centres could be more associated with leisure activities and presented in a new way with the guidance from the field of leisure that also could be beneficial for educational research. Existing definitions of leisure, and their possible consequences for the activities, are discussed in terms of the framework of afterschool programs and leisure-time centres. The authors argue that knowledge grounded in understanding the importance of leisure and its potential to develop and satisfy people could be a means to develop both the activities and the current work of the staff in afterschool programs and leisure-time centres.
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| 4. |
- Jägerbrand, Annika K, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Plant community responses to 5 years of simulated climate change in meadow and heath ecosystems at a subarctic-alpine site
- 2009
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Ingår i: Oecologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0029-8549 .- 1432-1939. ; 161:3, s. 601-610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change was simulated by increasing temperature and nutrient availability in an alpine landscape. We conducted a field experiment of BACI-design (before/after control/impact) running for five seasons in two alpine communities (heath and meadow) with the factors temperature (increase of ca. 1.5-3.0°C) and nutrients (5 g N, 5 g P per m 2) in a fully factorial design in northern Swedish Lapland. The response variables were abundances of plant species and functional types. Plant community responses to the experimental perturbations were investigated, and the responses of plant functional types were examined in comparison to responses at the species level. Nutrient addition, exclusively and in combination with enhanced temperature increase, exerted the most pronounced responses at the species-specific and community levels. The main responses to nutrient addition were increases in graminoids and forbs, whereas deciduous shrubs, evergreen shrubs, bryophytes, and lichens decreased. The two plant communities of heath or meadow showed different vegetation responses to the environmental treatments despite the fact that both communities were located on the same subarctic-alpine site. Furthermore, we showed that the abundance of forbs increased in response to the combined treatment of temperature and nutrient addition in the meadow plant community. Within a single-plant functional type, most species responded similarly to the enhanced treatments although there were exceptions, particularly in the moss and lichen functional types. Plant community structure showed BACI responses in that vegetation dominance relationships in the existing plant functional types changed to varying degrees in all plots, including control plots. Betula nana and lichens increased in the temperature-increased enhancements and in control plots in the heath plant community during the treatment period. The increases in control plots were probably a response to the observed warming during the treatment period in the region. © Springer-Verlag 2009.
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| 5. |
- Knez, Igor, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychological mechanisms in outdoor place and weather assessment: towards a conceptual model
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Biometeorology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1254 .- 0020-7128. ; 53:1, s. 101-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The general aim has been to illuminate the psychological mechanisms involved in outdoor place and weather assessment. This reasoning was conceptualized in a model, tentatively proposing direct and indirect links of influence in an outdoor place–human relationship. The model was subsequently tested by an empirical study, performed in a Nordic city, on the impact of weather and personal factors on participants’ perceptual and emotional estimations of outdoor urban places. In line with our predictions, we report significant influences of weather parameters (air temperature, wind, and cloudlessness) and personal factors (environmental attitude and age) on participants’ perceptual and emotional estimations of outdoor urban places. All this is a modest, yet significant, step towards an understanding of the psychology of outdoor place and weather assessment.
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| 6. |
- Schmitt, A., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of non-chemical seed treatment methods for the control of Phoma valerianellae on lamb’s lettuce seeds
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. - 1861-3829. ; 116:5, s. 200-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to identify seed treatment methods for eradicating Phoma valerianellae from lamb’s lettuce seeds in organic vegetable production. Using seeds naturally infested with the pathogen, the effect of three physical methods (hot water, aerated steam, electron treatment) and different agents of natural origin (micro-organisms, plant derived products, resistance inducers) was tested on moist filter paper, in seed trays under controlled conditions and in the field. in an initial screening, none of the tested putative resistance inducers prevented infection by P. valerianellae, while two out of seven formulated micro-organism preparations and six out of 16 experimental microbial strains were effective. When selected agents and the three physical seed treatment methods were compared in blotter and seed tray tests, the physical methods were generally the most effective treatments, while the micro-organism treatments were clearly less efficacious. However, in field experiments with the same seed lots and the same treatments, a statistically significant increase in plant stand was not obtained with any of the treatments. Combinations of the three physical treatment methods with selected non-chemical agents did not perform better than the physical treatments alone. The most effective alternative seed treatments identified in the present study, aerated steam, hot water, electron treatment and thyme oil (0.1%), can be recommended for eradication of P. valerianellae from lamb’s lettuce seeds in organic farming. Because their efficacy was generally as high as that of the chemical fungicide Aatiram (active ingredient thiram), they are also potentially suited for use in conventional vegetable production.
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| 9. |
- Tinivella, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Control of seed-borne pathogens on legumes by microbial and other alternative seed treatments
- 2009
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Ingår i: European journal of plant pathology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0929-1873 .- 1573-8469. ; 123:2, s. 139-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Greenhouse trials were carried out in order to test the efficacy of different seed treatments as alternatives to chemicals against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum cause of anthracnose on bean and Ascochyta spp. cause of Ascochyta blights on pea, respectively. Resistance inducers, commercially formulated microorganisms, non-formulated selected strains of different microorganisms (fungi, bacteria and yeasts) and plant extracts were applied as dry or liquid seed treatments on naturally infested seeds. Seedling emergence and disease incidence and/or severity were recorded. Almost all seed treatments turned out to be ineffective in controlling the Ascochyta infections, which is in line with the literature stating that these pathogens are difficult to control. The only alternative treatments that gave some control of Ascochyta spp. were thyme oil and a strain of Clonostachys rosea. The resistance inducers tested successfully controlled infections of bean by C. lindemuthianum. Among the formulated microorganisms, Bacillus subtilis-based formulations provided the best protection from anthracnose. Some strains of Pseudomonas putida, a disease-suppressive, saprophytic strain of Fusarium oxysporum and the mustard powder-based product Tillecur also proved to be effective against bean anthracnose. However, among the resistance inducers as well as among the other groups, certain agents caused a significant reduction of plant emergence. Different alternative seed treatments can therefore be used for the control of C. lindemuthianum on bean, while on pea only thyme oil and a strain of Clonostachys rosea showed some effectiveness against Ascochyta spp.
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