| 41. |
- Johansson, Anders W., 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Making a case for gender-inclusive innovation through the concept of creative imitation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Annals of Innovation & Entrepreneurship. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-7396. ; 2:2, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through creative imitation, this article aims to make the case for a more inclusive view on innovation related to gender. In entrepreneurship theory, innovation is usually associated with creativity as something extraordinary, followed by generalisations of how innovation is brought about, which are based upon dichotomies that lead to exclusion of those who are expected to innovate. Innovation policy tends to associate innovation with industrial, large-scale product development, to the neglect of other types of innovations. Therefore, policy and research both tend to disregard certain innovations that are pursued by certain actors in certain areas. In particular, women entrepreneurs are neglected, as are innovations within women-dominated industries. This marginalisation is, arguably, related to how innovation is conceptualised, which this article will scrutinise by means of gender theory and narrative theory. The article highlights the example of a businesswoman who has pursued innovation in the area of wedding arrangements, which represents one of the categories that have been marginalised in research and policy on innovation. The woman's story of one of her innovations is analysed based upon data collected at dialogue seminars. This illustrates how innovation – when regarded as a mediation between creativity and imitation – appears to be both extraordinary and everyday, as well as tied to the context in which it appears. This serves to bridge dichotomies and end up with an inclusive approach in terms of who is expected to innovate, where, and what. In so doing, this article challenges common assumptions regarding innovation and offers an original interpretation of how innovation is associated to imitation and gendered relations.
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| 42. |
- Österman, Cecilia, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Maritime Ergonomics from a Bottom Line Perspective
- 2010
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Ingår i: WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs (JoMA). - : Springer. - 1651-436X .- 1654-1642. ; 9:2, s. 153-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present paper reports a study composed of three research activities exploring theeconomics of ergonomics in a shipping context. First, a literature study aimed to reviewprevious studies on the economics of ergonomics in general and within the maritimedomain in particular; and moreover, to ascertain the key ergonomic factors addressedin contemporary maritime ergonomic research. Second, the concept of ergonomics wasprobed from a stakeholder perspective through nine semi-structured qualitative interviews.Third, structured interviews were held with representatives of ten Swedish shippingcompanies to investigate if the shipowners are aware of and calculate the economiceffects of ergonomics.The results show that severalmodels and methods have been developed to estimate costsand benefits of ergonomics in other industries, but no studies were found from the shippingindustry.Whether these methods can be readily adapted to the shipping industry hasto be investigated further. While contemporary maritime ergonomic literature showed afocus on physical ergonomic and health and safety issues, the results of the stakeholderinterviews indicated a focus on organizational ergonomics. The Swedish shipownerscalculate the costs of sick-leave, but do not estimate the economic effects of ergonomicson a regular basis.
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| 43. |
- Sundin, Elisabeth, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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The Masculinization of the Elderly Care Sector : Local-Level Studies of Public Sector Outsourcing
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship. - : Emerald. - 1756-6266 .- 1756-6274. ; 2:1, s. 49-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- – The paper aims to explore the consequences of new public management (NPM) inspired reforms in general and outsourcing of traditional public sector responsibilities in Sweden to private organizations in particular. At centre stage are the roles of entrepreneurs, women‐owned small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and socially constructed paradigms of gender in this process. The paper's aim is to explore, through a local‐level case study, the currently ongoing process of gendering and regendering in a female‐dominated sector. This is done by a qualitative real‐time study of the introduction of a customer‐choice system in elder care in a Swedish municipality.Design/methodology/approach– The formal decision in Spring 2008 to introduce a “customer‐choice model” into home‐based elderly care in the municipality is the formal starting point of the research. The authors are given full access to all relevant information and informants including all questions and suggestions from the potential suppliers who were applying to be “authorized and certified suppliers”. Interviews are the main method but also written material like applications and newspaper articles and “letters to the editor” are studied.Findings– The outcome of the changes are, from the decision‐makers point of view, disappointing. The consequences so far of the customer‐choice system, that have been examined here, can be labelled increased masculinism or even a masculinization of the elderly care sector. Whether the polarization is a presage of the process to come is too early to tell. If so, the masculinization observed in this paper extends along three dimensions: governing logic, leadership and ownership. These gender consequences are not those expected or intended by the leading local actors.Research limitations/implications– The study is made in an ongoing process. The politicians are making changes aiming at making better working conditions for SMEs and former employees especially women. It is therefore important to follow up what is going to happen in the future. Comparisons with other municipalities and other regimes, nationally and internationally, would also be valuable.Practical implications– In this case, the practical implications are, almost, the same as the research implications.Originality/value– The real‐time research design is used focusing on what is happening in practise at the lower organizational levels of an organizational “experiment” of this kind make this paper unusual and valuable both for researchers and practioners.
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| 44. |
- Alpenberg, Jan, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Reflection and action in connection
- 2010
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 6th Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Association Annual Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, November 5-7, 2010.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we examine whether three concepts unique to the TPS Archetype (Alpenberg and Scarbrough 2009) are observed in an advanced and experienced Lean Production organization (Scania AB). The concepts are: waste reduction, improvement, and people and teamwork. All three concepts appear to bind reflection and action very firmly, and are seen in many sources of the TPS Archetype. Our analysis of empirical data from Scania AB confirms that two of those items exhibit the “binding” indicated in the TPS Archetype, while one does not. The item that was not supported is the item that is the most strongly developed in the TPS Archetype: Waste reduction.In general the two items that were supported (improvement, and people and teamwork) appear to be middle-level structures that firmly fuse Norms with Rites/Rituals (c.f. Schein 1984).
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| 45. |
- Alpenberg, Jan, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Lean production practices
- 2011
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the American Accounting Association Annual Conference, Denver, USA, August 5-10, 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper unpacks the integrative practices (Schatzky, 1996) of Lean Production (LP)/Toyota Production System (TPS) operations and reveals that practices which normally function as dispersed practices function, instead, as part of the LP/TPS integrative practices. We present a set of these practices. We also show that the normally dispersed practices are recast as components of integrated practices (Schatzky, 1996) across contexts, revealing aspects of the LP/TPS situation that may be amenable to cross-level investigation. This insight supports the importance of the practice theory lens in study of organizations as well as suggesting practical avenues for development of LP/TPS operations.
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| 46. |
- Andersson, Svante, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Combining industrial buyer and seller strategies for international supply and marketing management
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Business Review. - London : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0955-534X .- 1758-7107. ; 22:1, s. 64-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to review international industrial purchasing and marketing literature with a focus on portfolio models, to develop portfolio models for buyers' and sellers' international strategies, and to combine the models so that both the buyer and seller perspectives are dealt with simultaneously. Design/methodology/approach: Literature on international industrial purchasing and marketing is discussed. Dimensions that are important for the buyers' and sellers' strategies are identified. Portfolio models for buyers and sellers are developed and the two perspectives are matched together. Findings: The paper contributes a specification of features that are important for industrial buyers' and sellers' international purchasing and marketing strategies. These dimensions are used to develop a model of supplier relationship management and a marketing management model for supplier strategies. The consequences for the firm's international activities are discussed. A model combining industrial buyers' and sellers' international supply and marketing management strategies is developed. Research limitations/implications: This paper provides a deeper understanding of international exchange processes by combining literature on international industrial purchasing and international marketing. Situations are identified where different areas of theory are applicable. The paper also contributes to the discussion on what should be the conceptual domain of international business. Here, it is argued that international exchange is the product of joint decisions made by two or more actors based in different countries. Earlier academic literature reveals a striking imbalance: while one side of the coin - the exporter side - has been extensively studied, the importer side has largely been neglected. In this paper, it is tried to present a balanced view of both sides. Practical implications: This paper introduces portfolio management models that can be used for both industrial purchasing and marketing management. The paper stresses the importance of finding a fit between the marketing and purchasing strategies within a relationship. If both parties have positioned the relationship in a similar way, there are much greater possibilities for the relationship to create value for both parties. Originality/value: The paper combines international industrial purchasing and international marketing perspectives as few studies have done before. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
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| 47. |
- Hilmersson, Mikael, 1981-
(författare)
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Establishment of Insidership Positions in Institutionally Distant Business Networks
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since the opening of formerly closed markets in Eastern Europe and China in the early 1990s, numerous firms have sought to capture the growth opportunities prevailing in the virgin but institutionally distant business networks in these countries. I claim that the entry process into an institutionally distant business network has been realised when the entering firm has reached an insidership position in the network. To advance this idea, the thesis introduces the overlooked medium-sized multinational exporter (MME) and answers the following overarching research questions: (I) how do MMEs establish insidership positions in institutionally distant business networks, and (II) what critical abilities are developed by MMEs in the process of entering an institutionally distant business network? To answer these questions, qualitative and quantitative methods have sequentially been mixed to first give an in-depth understanding of the empirical field, and second to verify and generalise some of the most central tentative findings. Empirically, the study reports from a case study of eight firms in the Baltic Sea Region and from an on-site survey of 203 Swedish firms with experience of entries in Eastern Europe and/or China. Five individual essays are presented—all designed to reflect different aspects of the institutionally distant network entry process. The findings are condensed in the cover of the thesis, where it is claimed that an insidership position is reached through three main phases: the Scouting phase, the Qualifying phase and the Shielding phase. Furthermore, it is found that that the most critical abilities developed through the institutionally distant network entry process is local experience-based knowledge of high specificity. It is shown that previous experiences, generated in different business networks in mature markets, are not useful in the network entry process in immature markets. As a consequence, there is reason to believe that the entering firm needs to develop unlearning abilities to replace obsolete or misleading experience.
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| 48. |
- Holtström, Johan, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Connected Synergy : a case study of mergers and acquisitions within business networks
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mergers and acquisitions are frequent phenomena in everyday business activities (Holtström, 2008). For a merger or an acquisition, expected synergy is of fundamental importance. The synergy-concept emerged in the business strategy literature in the 1960s and has since then gained immense influence as a strategic tool for CEOs and company boards. In both theory and practice, synergy describes value creation of some kind (Pernod Ricard, 2008; Arya, 2002; Rozemeijer, 2000; Tapper, 1999; Larsson & Finkelstein, 1999; SvD, 1998; Olsson, 1997; Chandler, 1992; Trautwein, 1990; Porter, 1987; Rydén, 1971; Ansoff, 1965). Having a business network structure perspective as point of departure, we assume that mergers and acquisitions will involve and integrate not only the acquirer or the acquired company but also connected companies such as customers and suppliers (Holtström, 2008; 2003; Öberg, 2008; 2004; Dahlin, 2007; Öberg & Holtström, 2006; Anderson, Havila & Salmi, 2000; Havila & Salmi, 2000; Bengtsson, 1994).Synergy as concept (cf. Goold & Campbell, 1998; Itami, 1987; Lubatkin, 1983; Ansoff, 1965) is in this paper further developed and extended to comprise also synergy in the integrating companies’ business network. The paper aims to develop a framework to describe synergy in business relationships with customers and suppliers. To achieve this we first need to analyse how synergy is realised within a company. The analysis is based on a case study of mergers and acquisitions among industrial companies having business in Sweden.Our findings indicate that within a company synergy is the result of the interplay between creation of value, alignment between strategic prioritisations and functional performance. Thus the integrating companies are at the core. The application of synergy in the M&A-companies business network is to include also their business relationships with other actors. So in a second analysis, we show that synergy in business relationships can be seen as the result of how companies a) adapt to changes in the business network, b) how the changes affects interdependency among actors, c) to what extent there is a co-ordination of activities between actors, but most importantly d) how this is carried out over time.The resulting framework on connected synergy, combines the perspectives on synergy described above with also the development over time. Within the M&A-companies, two forms of synergy appears; (i) planned in the early phases of integration and, (ii) emerging over time. In the M&A-companies’ business relationship synergy can appear as (iii) something planned by the integrating companies to purposely influence other actors and, (iv) developing when different actors adapt to these changes over time.
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| 49. |
- Mårtensson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Mer mätning bättre styrning?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Företagsekonomins frågor. - Stockholm : SNS Förlag. - 9789186203559 ; , s. 164-171
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 50. |
- Mårtensson, Maria
(författare)
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Visualising intangibles : Measuring and reporting in the knowledge economy, StefanoZambon (editor), Giuseppe Marzo (editor), 2007, Ashgate Aldershot, UK, xiv +282pages, $ 114.95, €72.37, ISBN 97820275462462820
- 2010
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Accounting. - : World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt. - 0020-7063 .- 1879-2251. ; 45:4, s. 493-496
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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