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Sökning: swepub > Umeå universitet > (1990-1994)

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1.
  • Hassel, Lars, 1950-, et al. (författare)
  • Budget effectiveness in multinational companies : An empirical examination of environmental interaction on cognitive and affective effects of two dimensions of budgetary participation
  • 1993
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Management. - Oxford, UK : Elsevier. - 0956-5221 .- 1873-3387. ; 9:4, s. 299-316
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study examines the interaction between two dimensions of budgetary participation and environmental dynamism on perceptions of budget effectiveness in multinational companies. Unique features are dichotomies of: (i) domestic and foreign subunits; (ii) two dimensions of budget participation, communication and influence; and (iii) two facets of effectiveness perceptions, higher level involvement and outcomes of budget process. Results show that benefits of budgetary participation are limited and not consistent. Significant differences between foreign and domestic subunits are apparent. The primary perceived benefits are associated with communication. Budget influence is associated with positive perceptions of top-level involvement in foreign subunits but negative perceptions of outcomes of budget process in both domestic and foreign subunits.
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  • Johansson, Gunilla, et al. (författare)
  • Samarbete mellan hem och skola : Erfarenheter av elevers, föräldrars och lärares arbete
  • 1993
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The main purpose of this study was to shed light upon several questions regarding co -operation between the home and school, based upon earlier research and empirical studies. The study focused on the opportunities and drawbacks as well as on the motives for home and school cooperation. The first section deals with the questions at issues, and the bases the dissertation was dealt with. The second part covers the empirical studies which were carried out within the first three years of the primary school, and in the third part the limitations, most important results, and future research were discussed. The aim of the first section was to identify the starting points for the study, based on earlier research, and to review, via the main body of the study, how co-operation between the home and the school developed. An analysis of the review suggested that the goal formulations of the main body of the paper allowed for opportunities for home and school collaboration. Not only had interesting possibilities come to light, throughout the earlier research, but so too, a number of problems concerning the concrete collaboration between home and school. An very important conclusion, as a result of this review focused on the importance of proceeding from the unit that a class of pupils, parents and teachers represents. The purpose of the empirical studies was to describe and to try to understand why co-operation between home and school developed as it did. A longitudinal study was carried out by means of on-site research in the primary school itself, among pupils in years 1-3. This was proceeded by questionnaires and prestudies of selected classes. The data was collected mainly by means of questionnaires, interviews and written documents. The results showed that parents could function as a valuable resource within the work of the school and that it was relatively easy to take advantage of them, as such. It became clear that pupils, parents and teachers were extremely inventive and resourceful with regard to ideas on cooperation, and indeed on carrying through those ideas. Parents saw themselves and other parents as an important resource for the work of the school. The teacher emerged as a key figure for intensified collaboration. In the concluding discussion the results from the microlevel formed the starting point for the discussion concerning the context of cooperation between home and school at the macrolevel. As a conclusion, the discussion was about collaboration between home and school in terms of some of the effects of cooperation opportunities and obstacles, the interest shown by parents together with the content and forms of collaboration. Here it was pointed out that an important condition for achieving society's objectives was that pupils, parents and teachers together should interpret this in order to connect them to the cultural economic and social reality that was relevant to that particular class.
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4.
  • Richard, Levi, 1958-, et al. (författare)
  • Episodic cluster headache. I : Personality and some neuropsychological characteristics in male patients.
  • 1992
  • Ingår i: Headache. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0017-8748 .- 1526-4610. ; 32:3, s. 119-25
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The etiology and pathogenesis of cluster headache remain largely unknown. Some previous studies have focused on personality characteristics in cluster headache. However, no consistent personality profile has been found. The present study applied two personality inventories, the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP) and the Heart and Lifestyle Type A Measure (HALTAM), that have not previously been used in the context of cluster headache. A correlation has been suggested between left-handedness and early learning difficulties, and cluster headache. Thus, these variables were included and measured by inventory techniques. Forty-nine out of 51 consecutive male patients with episodic cluster headache participated in the present study. As compared to controls, the cluster headache patients were significantly more anxiety-prone (higher scores in the KSP Somatic anxiety and Muscular tension subscales), less successfully socialized (low scores in the KSP Socialization scale), and had a more hostile attitude towards others (higher scores in the HALTAM Hostility scale). No relationships between left-handedness or early learning difficulties, and cluster headache disease were found. The implications of the personality differences for the etiology of cluster headache disease are discussed.
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5.
  • Richard, Levi, 1958-, et al. (författare)
  • Episodic cluster headache. II : High tobacco and alcohol consumption in males.
  • 1992
  • Ingår i: Headache. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0017-8748 .- 1526-4610. ; 32:4, s. 184-7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Forty-nine out of 51 consecutive male patients with episodic cluster headache were studied with regard to their smoking and drinking habits in general and in relation to cluster headache periods. Questionnaires were constructed for data regarding tobacco intake. Situation-related smoking behavior was registered according to Frith (1971). Screening for alcohol over-consumption was made using the Malmö modification of the brief Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (Mm-MAST). Eighty-three percent of the patients used tobacco on a regular basis at the time of the study, with an average consumption of 20 cigarettes per day. Only 3% had never used tobacco regularly. The smoking-related desire to smoke in different situations was consistent with what is found in a general population of smokers. Sixty-seven percent of the patients had scores on the Mm-MAST indicative of alcohol over-consumption (i.e. heavy social drinking or alcoholism). During active headache periods 79% decreased their alcohol intake, whereas no consistent change in tobacco consumption was reported for the group as a whole. These findings were further corroborated by the fact that alcohol, but not tobacco intake, was reported by the majority of patients to elicit headache attacks during periods. Thus, our study showed high alcohol and tobacco consumption to be prominent features in male patients with episodic cluster headache. Since neither alcohol nor tobacco appear to have properties of ameliorating headache periods or attacks, the addictive behavior in our patients more likely reflects certain personality characteristics.
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8.
  • Westum, Asbjörg, 1960- (författare)
  • Fransos och finnskott : Något om språklig projicering inom det folkmedicinska ordförrådet
  • 1992. - 1
  • Ingår i: Language - the Time Machine. - Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell. - 9171746838 ; , s. 191-202
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The starting-point of this study is our need for satisfactory explanations when we suffer from illness. Often, justly or not, we identify an individual or a group as disease carriers. This phenomenon can be regarded as an act of projection, and in Scandinavian ethnomedicine it shows itself in the terminology when a disease is named after an ethnic group. The present study, which shows just a few examples of this kind of linguistic projection, deals mainly with the words fransos ('Frenchman') and finnskott ('Lapp shot'), but words such as utländska elden ('the foreign fire') and tyskeldsår ('sore from German fire') are also mentioned.
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9.
  • Westum, Asbjörg, 1960- (författare)
  • Isterminologin i säljägarsamhället
  • 1992. - 1
  • Ingår i: Tabu, verklighet, språk. - Stockholm : Carlsson Bokförlag. - 9177985842 ; , s. 188-203
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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