| 1. |
- Asheim, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
Constructing knowledge-based regional advantage : Implications for regional innovation policy
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management. - 1368-275X .- 1741-5098. ; 7:2-5, s. 140-155
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A focus on constructing regional advantage requires an 'unpacking' of what makes territorial agglomerations important for innovation and competitiveness by disclosing and revealing the contingencies, particularities and specificities of the various contexts and environments where knowledge creation, innovation and entrepreneurship take place. In order to achieve more effective regional innovation policy, this paper presents and discusses three dimensions along which such unpacking can take place. These dimensions refer to (1) specific industrial knowledge bases, (2) globally distributed knowledge networks and (3) different territorial competence bases.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
-
Satisfaction with Daily Occupations : Construct validity and test-retest reliability of a screening tool for people with mental disorders
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. - : Wiley. - 0045-0766 .- 1440-1630. ; 54:1, s. 59-65
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim: In occupational therapy research and in clinical practice there is a need for valid, reliable and easily administered measures. For research and screening purposes, the Satisfaction with Daily Occupations (SDO) instrument was developed. It addresses work, leisure, domestic tasks and self-care and generates a satisfaction and an activity level score. This study investigated its construct validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability in 55 clients visiting occupational therapists in outpatient mental health care. Methods: The SDO was administered on two occasions with a 1-week interval, and data on the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), psychosocial functioning and self-rated health were collected on the first of these occasions. Results: In contrast to what was expected, the relationships between the SDO scores and the COPM scores were low. The strongest relationship between the SDO satisfaction score and any other variable was to psychosocial functioning. These variables shared 23% of the variance. Internal consistency for the satisfaction score was acceptable, alpha = 0.75 on the second occasion, and the test–retest reliability was good; rs = 0.84 for the satisfaction score and rs = 0.92 for the activity level. Conclusions: The results indicated that the SDO has satisfactory reliability. The instrument targets a specific construct, as compared to the COPM and the measurements of self-rated health and psychosocial functioning. Thus, the SDO and the COPM satisfaction scale seem to assess different phenomena, probably because the SDO has predefined items, not specifically targeting a certain client's problematic occupations, whereas the COPM is based on self-defined problems. The instruments may therefore supplement each other.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Hovbrandt, Pia, et al.
(författare)
-
Very old people´s experience of occupational performance outside the home; : Possibilities and limitations
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Scand J Occup Ther. - : Informa UK Limited. ; 14:2, s. 77-85
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To support occupations outside the home for older people with functional limitations it is important to understand how the person, environment, and occupations influence performance. Therefore the purpose of this study was to describe how very old people experience occupational performance outside the home. Twenty-one single-living, very old persons, above 80 years, were strategically selected and interviewed. A phenomenographic approach was used for this study and the interviews were analyzed using contextual analysis. The findings showed a variation in the experience of occupational performance described in three referential aspects: keeping on doing as before, drawing on available resources, and living in constrained circumstances. Referring to everyday occupations the participants described how they continued to do what they had done before, but decline in functional capacity made it more difficult to overcome environmental barriers. They also described how they sometimes could put functional limitations aside and use their utmost capacity to reach their goals. When they could not do that any more, they had to find possibilities for occupations close to home. In order to support very old people's occupational performance outside the home, outdoor mobility has to be facilitated, including the design of the physical environment as well as possibilities for social interaction.
|
|
| 7. |
- Jonnergård, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Development Codes of Cunduct: : Regulatory conversations as means for Detecting Institutional Change
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Law & Policy. - : Blackwell. - 0265-8240 .- 1467-9930. ; 29:4, s. 460-492
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The introduction of a new corporate governance code in Sweden, modeled after prevailing Anglo-Saxon norms of corporate governance, offers the opportunity to investigate global regulatory convergence. Using the metaphor of regulatory space, this article analyzes the positions of the parties who submitted formal responses to the introduction of "The Swedish Code of Corporate Governance-A Proposal from the Code Group." While the globalization of financial markets might forecast unconditional acceptance of the proposed code by business and financial interests, the analysis of who made comments, and what was said, reveals three categorically distinct groups: Swedish business "insiders" connected to the existing institutional framework who opposed changes that would erode traditional division of functions, including collective responsibility for the actions of company boards; "outsiders" (i.e., foreign investors and more marginal Swedish investors) aligned with Anglo-Saxon internationalization of the markets who would change the system of corporate accountability; and the professions (i.e., auditors), who advocated for their professional interests. Of the three groups, Swedish business insiders were most successful in gaining support for their positions. Although international financial and political interests were key to the introduction of the Code in the first place, the article demonstrates how the dynamics of national (local) culture and power structures influence the transfer of regulatory law across jurisdictions.
|
|
| 8. |
- Jonson, Carl-Oscar, et al.
(författare)
-
The importance of CTLA-4 polymorphism and Human leukocyte antigen genotype for the induction of diabetes-associated cytokine response in healthy school children
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Diabetes. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-543X .- 1399-5448. ; 8:4, s. 185-192
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease associated with the destruction of pancreatic β cells and genetically linked to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II DR3-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8 haplotypes. The +49A/G polymorphism of the immunoregulatory cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) gene is also associated with T1D. Genetic and environmental risk factors precede the onset of T1D, which is characterized by a T helper 1 cell-dominating cytokine response to diabetes-related autoantigens. Aim: To investigate immunological differences between healthy children with and without CTLA-4 +49A/G and HLA genetic susceptibility for T1D. Study design: Young, 7–15 years of age, healthy subjects (n = 58) were investigated to test whether CTLA-4 +49A/G genotype was associated with enzyme-linked immunospot assay T-cell responses to T1D-related autoantigens. Because T1D is primarily HLA-DQ associated, we stratified the healthy subjects by HLA genotypes associated with the disease. Results: Peptide of heat shock protein 60 induced a higher interferon-γ (IFN-γ) response in subjects with risk-associated CTLA-4 polymorphism (GG genotype) (p = 0.02) while glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-induced interleukin-4 (IL-4) secretion was lower in GG genotype subjects (p = 0.02). Conclusion: The increased IFN-γ response and lower IL-4 response toward diabetes-related autoantigens shown in CTLA-4 +49 GG risk subjects show a possible mechanism for the association between CTLA-4 and T1D.
|
|
| 9. |
- Jormfeldt, Henrika, et al.
(författare)
-
Perceptions of the concept of health among nurses working in mental health services : a phenomenographic study
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 16:1, s. 50-56
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new understanding of the concept of health is needed to meet the goal of mental health nursing, which besides reducing disease is to strengthen the patient's health. The aim of the present study was to describe perceptions of the concept of health among nurses working in mental health services. Twelve Swedish nurses working in mental health services were interviewed and data were analysed with a phenomenographic approach. The nurses expressed 10 perceptions, which constituted three description categories: autonomy, process, and participation. The result showed that health was more than absence of disease. Simultaneously, perceptions were expressed indicating that health was viewed as absence of disease, which implies that the concept is not sufficiently defined. The result emphasizes the need to clarify the concept of health if it is to be used as a goal in mental health nursing and to integrate a clarified definition of health at all hierarchical levels in mental health care services.
|
|
| 10. |
- Lundborg, Petter, et al.
(författare)
-
Getting ready for the marriage market? The association between divorce risks and investments in attractive body mass among married Europeans
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Biosocial Science. - 0021-9320 .- 1469-7599. ; 39:4, s. 531-544
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores to what extent married middle-aged individuals in Europe are governed by the risk of experiencing divorce, when shaping their physical appearance. The main result is that divorce risks, proxied by national divorce rates, are negatively connected to body mass index (BMI) among married individuals but unrelated to BMI among singles. Hence, it seems that married people in societies where divorce risks are high are more inclined to invest in their outer appearance. One interpretation is that high divorce rates make married people prepare for a potential divorce and future return to the marriage market. © 2006 Cambridge University Press.
|
|
