| 1. |
- Dupoux, Marion, et al.
(författare)
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Can the environment be an inferior good? A theory with context-dependent substitutability and needs
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Theoretical models often assume the environment to be a normal good, irrespective of one’s income. However, a priori, nothing prohibits an environmental good from being normal for some individuals and inferior for others. We develop a conceptual framework in which private consumption and an environmental public good act as substitutes or complements for satisfying different needs. Subsequently, the environment can switch between normal and inferior depending on one’s income and environment. If the environment is inferior for some range of income, then the willingness to pay for environmental preservation becomes non-monotonic, thereby having implications for benefit transfers.
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| 2. |
- Clementson, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Atomic data and theoretical X-ray spectra of Ge-like through V-like W ions
- 2014
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Ingår i: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-640X. ; 100:2, s. 577-649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The atomic structure and spectra of ten tungsten ions have been calculated using the Flexible Atomic Code. The calculations yield energy levels, radiative lifetimes, spectral line positions, transition probability rates, and oscillator strengths for the tungsten ions isoelectronic to germanium, W42+, through vanadium, W51+. Collisional-radiative models for high-temperature, low-density plasmas have been implemented to produce line emissivities for X-ray transitions in the 1-4 keV (3-12 angstrom) spectral interval. The Ge-like through V-like W ions are important in nuclear fusion research where their spectra may provide diagnostic information on magnetically confined plasmas. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Kerren, Andreas, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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From Culture to Text to Interactive Visualization of Wine Reviews
- 2013
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Ingår i: Knowledge Visualization Currents<em></em>. - London : Springer. - 9781447143024 ; , s. 85-110
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On the basis of a large corpus of wine reviews, this chapter proposes a range of interactive visualization techniques that are useful for linguistic exploration and analysis of lexical, grammatical and discursive patterns in text. Our visualization tool allows linguists and others to make comparisons of visual, olfactory, gustatory and textual properties of different wines for example from different countries, from different grape varieties, or from different vintages. It also supports the visual exploration of sensory descriptions as well as confirmatory investigations of text and discourse. Besides a more technical discussion of our visualization approach, we also provide a more general overview of text and corpus visualizations and highlight linguistic challenges that we had to address during the development phase.
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| 4. |
- Woldu, Zerihun, et al.
(författare)
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The shrubland vegetation in western Shewa, Ethiopia and its possible recovery
- 1991
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Ingår i: Journal of Vegetation Science. - : Wiley. - 1100-9233 .- 1654-1103. ; 2:2, s. 173-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shrubland vegetation and environmental data in western Shewa, Ethiopia have been analysed. Vegetation data include cover-abundance values of vascular plant species; en- vironmental data comprise physical and chemical properties of the soil, altitude, slope, grazing and browsing pressure.The vegetation data were subjected to hierarchical and non-hierarchical classification and ordination with correspondence analysis. The classification resulted in seven different vegetation types, ranging from grassland with scattered shrubs to degen- erated forest. Ordination of the data and biplot analysis showed that the vegetation is influenced by anthropogenic factors and altitudinal variation. Sand content is related to a low level of anthropogenic influence whereas silt content is related to a high level. This is explained by historical events rather than by the present situation. Total nitrogen, organic carbon, altitude and slope are positively correlated and these variables are negatively related to anthropogenic influences.The shrubland vegetation may have expanded from lower altitudes and drier sites as forests gradually disappeared.The recovery of an economically more rewarding vegetation type may be achieved through providing alternative sources of fuel and construction and through prohibiting cultivation and grazing in the shrublands on the hillsides. Regeneration can be accelerated by actively introducing seedlings of tree species that do not need a heavy canopy cover for establishment and growth.
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| 5. |
- Stroh-Wollin, Ulla
(författare)
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Framväxten av obligatoriska som. (The development towards obligatory som.)
- 1997
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Ingår i: Studier i svensk språkhistoria 4.. - 918676246X ; , s. 171-178
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In modern Swedish, the complementizer som must not be omitted in (restrictive) relative clauses when the relativised constituent is the subject. This was, however, possible in Old Swedish. Also in today's Swedish, again in contrast to Old Swedish, the complementizer som must follow a subject wh-pronoun in embedded clauses.In this paper, it is argued that the development towards obligatory som is connected with other changes in Early Modern Swedish. The investigation of a very limited number of historical texts confirms the hypothesis, particularly concerning the relatives, in the sense that the changes coincide in time. Regarding the interrogatives, however, the picture is somewhat more complex.
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| 6. |
- Lorin, Samuel C, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Welding Simulation of Non-Nominal Structures with Clamps
- 2014
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Ingår i: 13th CIRP Conference on Computer Aided Tolerancing.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In any industrial assembly process there are a number of sources of variation. Variation in the manufacturing process leads to component variation which, together with fixture variation and variation stemming from the joining process, propagates to the final product. In order to analyse and diminish the effect of variation it is important to identify and be able to simulate the phenomena contributing to final variation. In this paper the focus is variation in welding distortion arising from non-nominal components that are joined. In the welding process it has been shown that variation in components and in fixtures influences the size and distribution of weld-induced distortion. Hence, in order to accurately simulate geometric variation of an assembly joined by weld joints, variation simulation and welding simulation need to be performed in combination. Previous research that focused on the combination of variation simulation and welding simulation has not considered components that are clamped. Instead the components were treated as rigid bodies at non-nominal positions prior to welding. In many industrial applications, clamps are used when assemblies are welded, and it is therefore important to quantify the influence that clamping has on welding of non-nominal components. In this paper we simulate the combination of variation in components and fixtures with welding, considering that the components are clamped prior to welding. Although clamps will force the components closer to their nominal positions along the weld joint, clamps introduce a stress field in the structure which together with the welding process may cause additional distortion. Two case studies are performed and analysed: a T-weld joint and a butt-weld joint. The results show that welding distortion depends on fixture error also in the presence of clamps.
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