| 7961. |
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| 7962. |
- Höglander, Jessica, et al.
(author)
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Implementing A person-centred CommunicaTION (ACTION) educational intervention for in-home nursing assistants – a study protocol
- 2023
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In: BMC Geriatrics. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2318. ; 23:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: In this study, the focus is on how to support the competence development needed for nursing assistants in home care. Home care services for older persons can be challenging concerning the nature of the interpersonal interaction and communication needed to care for and respond to the diverse needs of older people who seek to live well in our communities. This implies a need to offer more person-centred care (PCC) to older persons. However, there is a lack of knowledge on how to develop such competence. We, therefore, developed A Person-centred CommunicaTION (ACTION) programme, which is a web-based educational intervention aimed at supporting competence development for nursing assistants. The research objective is to evaluate the ACTION programme with respect to participants’ responses to and the effect of the intervention. Methods: A multicentre case–control study with pre- and post-assessments was designed. The ACTION programme will be implemented at home care units, in two different geographic areas in Sweden. A total of 300 nursing assistants will be recruited: 150 for the intervention group and 150 for the control group. We will evaluate the impact measures and the process. Pre- and post-assessments will be performed with data collected via a) audio recordings of communication, b) a questionnaire on self-efficacy communication skills, PCC, empathy and job satisfaction, c) user data, evaluation forms, field notes and observations, and d) interviews. The data will be analysed with descriptive and analytic statistics and/or qualitative methods for meanings. Discussion: This study has the potential to contribute to the evidence supporting competence development required to offer person-centred and quality home care to older persons and to meet upcoming needs for flexible and easily accessible competence development. Trial registration: ISRCTN64890826. Registered 10 January 2022, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN64890826
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| 7963. |
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| 7964. |
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| 7965. |
- Höglander, Jessica, et al.
(author)
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Registered nurse-patient communication research : An integrative review for future directions in nursing research
- 2023
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : WILEY. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648.
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AimTo explore communication research in nursing by investigating the theoretical approaches, methods, content and perspectives in research on real-time registered nurse (RN)-patient communication. DesignAn integrative review of real-time communication between RNs and patients. Data SourcesEmpirical research papers were searched in PubMed, CINAHL Plus and Medline. The results from the database searches were supplemented with results from manual searches in reference lists. Review MethodsA total of 1369 articles published between January 1996 and December 2021 were screened, which resulted in the inclusion of 52 articles. ResultsThe integration of various theories, such as nursing or communication theories, is weak in most of the included studies. RN-patient communication appears to influence relationship building. Even when nurses strive to meet patients' needs, they often focus primarily on nursing routines and physical care. The topic of the communication varies depending on the situation and different communication styles are used. When a patient-centred approach is adopted, the interpersonal communication becomes quite symmetrical, with complementary roles of nurses and patients. Within a more asymmetric communication context, nurses dominate communication, choose topics and function as instructors. How the nurses communicated subsequently influenced the patients' communication styles and strategies. ConclusionCommunication is multifaceted, contains different strategies and is important for building trust and facilitating patient-centred care. The importance of RNs' communication for interaction and relationship-building seems to be well established within research, but few studies focused on patients' communication with RNs. ImpactThis integrative review gives an overview of the width and depth of observational studies on RN-patient communication research. The variety of studies indicates that this area is a less well-grounded field of research. Future research is warranted to support nurses in their communication, especially regarding the exploration of patients' communication and desired communication skills in nurse-patient interactions. Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution was included in this integrative review.
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| 7966. |
- Höglander, Jessica, et al.
(author)
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Registered Nurses' and nurse assistants' responses to older persons' expressions of emotional needs in home care.
- 2017
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 73:12, s. 2923-2932
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: This study aims to explore nurse assistants' and Registered Nurses' responses to older persons' expressions of emotional needs during home care visits.BACKGROUND: Communication is a central aspect of care. Older persons might express different emotions and needs during home care visits and such expressions can be challenging to respond to. Little is known about communication in home care or nursing staff responses to older persons' expressed emotional needs.DESIGN: Descriptive, cross-sectional design on nursing staff responses to older persons' negative emotions in home care.METHODS: Collected data consisted of audio recordings of home care visits between older persons and nursing staff. Data were collected between August 2014-November 2015. The nursing staff responses to older persons' negative emotions in the communication were analysed with the Verona Coding Definitions of Emotional Sequences (VR-CoDES).RESULTS: The nursing staff most often give non-explicit responses, providing space for further disclosure of older persons' expressed negative emotions. Such responses were more frequent if the nursing staff had elicited the older persons' expressions of a negative emotion than if such expressions were elicited by the older persons themselves. Most frequent types of responses were backchannel, active invitation or information advice.CONCLUSION: The nursing staff responses were mainly non-explicit responses providing space for older persons to tell more about their experiences. Such responses can be discussed in terms of person-centred communication and is important for the comfort of emotional concerns.
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| 7967. |
- Höglund, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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Diffusion mechanism of Zn in InP and GaP from first principles
- 2008
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In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 77:11, s. 113201-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The diffusion mechanism of Zn in GaP and InP has been investigated using first-principles computational methods. It is found that the kickout mechanism is the favored diffusion process under all doping conditions for InP, and under all except n-type conditions for GaP. In n-type GaP the dissociative mechanism is probable. In both p-type GaP and InP, the diffusing species is found to be Zn. The activation energy for the kickout process is 2.49 eV in GaP and 1.60 eV in InP, and therefore unintentional diffusion of Zn should be a larger concern in InP than in GaP. The dependence of the activation energy both on the doping conditions of the material and on the stoichiometry is explained, and found to be in qualitative agreement with the experimentally observed dependencies. The calculated activation energies agree reasonably with experimental data, assuming that the region from which Zn diffuses is p type. Explanations are also found as to why Zn tends to accumulate at pn junctions in InP and to why a relatively low fraction of Zn is found on substitutional sites in InP.
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| 7968. |
- Höglund, Anna, 1960-, et al.
(author)
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From denial to awareness : a conceptual model for obtaining equity in healthcare.
- 2018
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In: International Journal for Equity in Health. - Springer : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-9276. ; 17:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Although Swedish legislation prescribes equity in healthcare, studies have reported inequalities, both in face-to-face encounters and in telephone nursing. Research has suggested that telephone nursing has the capability to increase equity in healthcare, as it is open to all and not limited by long distances. However, this requires an increased awareness of equity in healthcare among telephone nurses. The aim of this study was to explore and describe perceptions of equity in healthcare among Swedish telephone nurses who had participated in an educational intervention on equity in health, including which of the power constructs gender, ethnicity and age they commented upon most frequently. Further, the aim was to develop a conceptual model for obtaining equity in healthcare, based on the results of the empirical investigation.METHOD: A qualitative method was used. Free text comments from questionnaires filled out by 133 telephone nurses before and after an educational intervention on equity in health, as well as individual interviews with five participants, were analyzed qualitatively. The number of comments related to inequity based on gender, ethnicity or age in the free text comments was counted descriptively.RESULTS: Gender was the factor commented upon the least and ethnicity the most. Four concepts were found through the qualitative analysis: Denial, Defense, Openness, and Awareness. Some informants denied inequity in healthcare in general, and in telephone nursing in particular. Others acknowledged it, but argued that they had workplace routines that protected against it. There were also examples of an openness to the fact that inequity existed and a willingness to learn and prevent it, as well as an already high awareness of inequity in healthcare.CONCLUSION: A conceptual model was developed in which the four concepts were divided into two qualitatively different blocks, with Denial and Defense on one side of a continuum and Openness and Awareness on the other. In order to reach equity in healthcare, action is also needed, and that concept was therefore added to the model. The result can be used as a starting point when developing educational interventions for healthcare personnel.
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| 7969. |
- Höglund, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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Increasing the equilibrium solubility of dopants in semiconductor multilayers and alloys
- 2008
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 100:10, s. 105501-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have theoretically studied the possibility to control the equilibrium solubility of dopants in semiconductor alloys, by strategic tuning of the alloy concentration. From the modeled cases of C-0 in SixGe1-x, Zn- and Cd- in GaxIn1-xP it is seen that under certain conditions the dopant solubility can be orders of magnitude higher in an alloy or multilayer than in either of the elements of the alloy. This is found to be due to the solubility's strong dependence on the lattice constant for size mismatched dopants. The equilibrium doping concentration in alloys or multilayers could therefore be increased significantly. More specifically, Zn- in a GaxIn1-xP multilayer is found to have a maximum solubility for x=0.9, which is 5 orders of magnitude larger than that of pure InP.
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| 7970. |
- Höglund, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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Point defects on the (110) surfaces of InP, InAs, and InSb : A comparison with bulk
- 2006
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In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 74:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The basic properties of point defects, such as local geometries, positions of charge-transfer levels, and formation energies, have been calculated using density-functional theory, both in the bulk and on the (110) surface of InP, InAs, and InSb. Based on these results we discuss the electronic properties of bulk and surface defects, defect segregation, and compensation. In comparing the relative stability of the surface and bulk defects, it is found that the native defects generally have higher formation energies in the bulk. From this it can be concluded that at equilibrium there is a considerably larger fraction of defects at the surface and under nonequilibrium conditions defects are expected to segregate to the surface, given sufficient time. In most cases the charge state of a defect changes upon segregation, altering the charge-carrier concentrations. The photothresholds are also calculated for the three semiconductors and are found to be in good agreement with experimental data.
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