| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Dobric, Julia, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical activity changes the deposited fractions of particles in the respiratory tract of adults and children
- 2022
-
Ingår i: ; , s. 45-45
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to ambient air pollution can cause a numberof health problems and may be particularly dangerous to susceptible population groups such as children. Health effects caused by air pollution are criticallydependent on both the deposited fraction (DF) of the inhaled particles and in what region of the respiratory tract the deposition takes place. With increasing physical activity, the breathing pattern is altered and the airflow in the respiratory tract increase, this affects the DF and deposition site. In this study we investigated changes in DF at increasing physical activity for three population groups: ~5 and 10 year-old children, and adults.Our results indicate that the variation in total DF with physical activity is minor, but that the DF for the UFPs increase in the AI region at higher activity levels. This is important since the removal of particles in the AI region is not effective and UFPs are believed to pose a specific health risk. Therefore, activity patterns and DF of different population groups need to be considered when estimating particle dose and evaluating health risks.
|
|
| 4. |
- Dobric, Julia, et al.
(författare)
-
Preschool Children’s Inhalation Rates Estimated from Accelerometers—A Tool to Estimate Children’s Exposure to Air Pollution
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Aerosol and Air Quality Research. - : AAGR Aerosol and Air Quality Research. - 1680-8584 .- 2071-1409. ; 22:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children are particularly sensitive to air pollution exposure, and their personal exposures may differ significantly from those of adults. One key factor for understanding the personal inhaled dose of air pollutants is the respiratory minute ventilation (Ve). To estimate the amount of particles circulated through the lungs, 24 h averages of Ve are often used. These averages poorly capture variations in Ve during the day, and between individuals. We here develop and implement a concept to assess individual Ve of children, with minimal impact on their natural activity and movement pattern by using ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers. Activity of 136 preschool children in the ages 3 to 5 years was logged using accelerometers while the children attended their preschools during a week. A linear regression equation is developed and used for estimating Ve from the accelerometer data retrieved for each individual child. The results show large variations in weekly average Ve between individuals, ranging from 0.33 to 0.48 L min–1 kg–1. Over the days the averages of the individuals’ 1st and 3rd quartiles were 0.28 and 0.48 L min–1 kg–1, respectively. Outdoor activities resulted in a 17% higher Ve than indoor activities, which may be important to consider when estimating the inhaled dose of air pollutants since pollution levels and particle toxicities can be different indoors and outdoors. The observations motivate the use of individual values of Ve in exposure assessments and suggest that accelerometers are a suitable tool for estimating children’s individual Ve in their natural environment. Combined with time resolved local air pollution monitoring, these measurements can provide the basis of a more precise estimate of children’s inhaled dose of air pollutants. © The Author(s).
|
|
| 5. |
- Linell, Julia, et al.
(författare)
-
Alterations of particle deposition in the respiratory tract at increasing activity
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The deposited dose of particles in the respiratory tract is an important factor for understanding health effects of aerosol particles. It is a combination of the exposure, volume of inhaled air and particle deposition. At increasing activity the minute ventilation ( volume of breath x number of breaths ) increase . Little is known about if and how this affects the regional particle deposition.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Linell, Julia, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of breathing variables on modelled particle lung deposition at physical activity for children and adults
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media B.V.. - 1873-9318 .- 1873-9326.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The respiratory tract deposited fraction (DF) is the link between exposure and health effects of airborne particles. Here, we investigate how breathing pattern alterations at increasing physical activity affect DF in different regions of the respiratory tract and compare DF between adults and children (5 and 10 years old). We performed a literature review on the alteration of tidal volume with minute ventilation at increasing physical activity and used the results to model the size resolved (0.001–10 µm) DF, primarily using the deposition models from NCRP and Yeh and Schum (1980), but also MPPD. We found a shift in the deposited size distribution with increasing physical activity—DF of ultrafine particles increased in the alveolar region and decreased in the other regions, while DF of coarser particles decreased in the alveolar region and increased in the extra-thoracic region. Children had a 10–20% higher DF of ultrafine particles in the alveolar region compared to adults. We also present parametrizations of the daily average size resolved (0.005–5 µm) DF, accounting for varying physical activity throughout the day and oral/nasal breathing. These can be applied to any size distribution to estimate deposited doses. We found that deposited mass and number doses were more than twice as high for 5-year-olds compared to adults when normalized for body weight, primarily caused by their higher weight normalized minute ventilation. This demonstrates the importance of studying children’s exposure to air pollution and not only rely on data from adults.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Stroh, Emilie, et al.
(författare)
-
Luftföroreningshalter på förskolegårdar
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket har avdelningen för Arbets- och miljömedicin vid Lunds Universitet utfört studie kring luftföroreningssituationen på förskolegårdar. Denna studie består av tre delar vara av en är en kunskapsinventering bland landetskommuner kring luftkvalitén på förskolebarns utemiljöer och effekter/strategier för att eventuellt förbättra detta. (sedan tidigare publicerad i denna rapportserie (nr 10:2019). Utöver detta har det även genomförts mätningar av NO2 samt PM10 och PM2,5 på de tio mest luftförorenings drabbade förskolorna i Malmö. Dessa mätningar pågick mellan hösten 2018 till våren 2020 och låg till grund för del tre i studien där de uppmätta halternas hälsokonsekvenser hos barn beräknades. Studien visar att flertalet kommuner saknar aktuell mätdata kring hur luftförorenings situationen ser ut i kommunen och mycket få har kännedom om luftkvalitén i anslutning till kommunens förskolor. Mätningarna vid förskolorna i Malmö visar att partikelhalterna på förskolegårdarna i dessa trafikutsatta miljöer överskrider miljömålen men också att den kraftiga minskning av trafiken i Malmö som skedde i samband med Covid-19 restriktionerna hade en positiv effekt med en kraftig minskning av uppmätta halter. Något som även återspeglas hälsokonsekvens beräkningarna.
|
|
