| 10721. |
- Jingar, Monika, et al.
(författare)
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Tangible Communication of Emotions with a Digital Companion for Managing Stress: An Exploratory Co-Design Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: HAI ´19. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450369220 ; , s. 28-36
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this research is to explore how an intelligent digital companion (agent) can support persons (human) with stress-related exhaustion to manage daily activities. In this paper, we explore in particular how information about a person's emotions can be communicated to the agent with means of non-verbal communication through tangible interfaces. The purpose is to explore how different individuals approach the task of designing their own tangible interfaces for communicating emotions with a digital companion, and the range of different preferences and expectations. Six participants were interviewed and created tangible prototypes during a co-creation workshop. The data was analysed using theories about human emotions and activity, and translated into a generic user model, an architecture for a multiagent system and interface design proposals. The results include increased understanding of how different individuals would like to express their emotions with tangible interfaces, and informed the design of the information models regarding representing emotions. The study illuminated the importance of personalisation of functionality and interface design to address the diversity among individuals, as well as the design of the adaptive behaviour of a digital companion. Future work includes further studies involving additional participants, the development of the stress management application and conducting user studies where prototypes are used in daily activities.
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| 10722. |
- Joardder, Mohammad U. H., et al.
(författare)
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Significance of Glass Transition Temperature of Food Material in Selecting Drying Condition: An In-Depth Analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Food reviews international (Print). - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC. - 8755-9129 .- 1525-6103.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drying is a complicated phenomenon involving a combination of transport, deformation, and chemical kinetics. It is an energy intensive lengthy process and results in deterioration of food quality. The glass transition temperature (GTT) significantly affects the internal mass transfer mechanism and hence significantly affects the drying kinetics. Moreover, the rheological and transport characteristics of food materials are remarkably impacted by GTT, which has an influence on the energy consumption and quality of food products during drying. Similarly, molecular weight and drying conditions also affect the GTT. This comprehensive review uncovers the fundamental understanding of GTT and demonstrates its crucial relationship with physio-structural and transport properties of food items. It has been demonstrated that a clear understanding of the glass transition temperature may help in determining appropriate drying conditions while ensuring great food quality.
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| 10723. |
- Johal, Wafa, et al.
(författare)
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Envisioning social drones in education
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers Robotics AI. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-9144. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Education is one of the major application fields in social Human-Robot Interaction. Several forms of social robots have been explored to engage and assist students in the classroom environment, from full-bodied humanoid robots to tabletop robot companions, but flying robots have been left unexplored in this context. In this paper, we present seven online remote workshops conducted with 20 participants to investigate the application area of Education in the Human-Drone Interaction domain; particularly focusing on what roles a social drone could fulfill in a classroom, how it would interact with students, teachers and its environment, what it could look like, and what would specifically differ from other types of social robots used in education. In the workshops we used online collaboration tools, supported by a sketch artist, to help envision a social drone in a classroom. The results revealed several design implications for the roles and capabilities of a social drone, in addition to promising research directions for the development and design in the novel area of drones in education.
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| 10724. |
- Johannesson, Jenny, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Synergistic stabilization of emulsion gel by nanoparticles and surfactant enables 3D printing of lipid-rich solid oral dosage forms
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 650, part B, s. 1253-1264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pharmaceutical formulation of oral dosage forms is continuously challenged by the low solubility of new drug candidates. Pickering emulsions, emulsions stabilized with solid particles, are a promising alternative to surfactants for developing long-term stable emulsions that can be tailored for controlled release of lipophilic drugs. In this work, a non-emulsifying lipid-based formulation (LBF) loaded with fenofibrate was formulated into an oilin-water (O/W) emulsion synergistically stabilized by stearic acid and silica (SiO2) nanoparticles. The emulsion had a droplet size of 341 nm with SiO2 particles partially covering the oil-water interface. In vitro lipid digestion was faster for the emulsion compared to the corresponding LBF due to the larger total surface area available for digestion. Cellulose biopolymers were added to the emulsion to produce a gel for semi-solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing into tablets. The emulsion gel showed suitable rheological attributes for SSE, with a trend of higher viscosity, yield stress, and storage modulus (G & PRIME;), compared to a conventional self-emulsifying lipid-based emulsion gel. The developed emulsion gel allows for a non-emulsifying LBF to be transformed into solid dosage forms for rapid lipid digestion and drug release of a poorly water-soluble drug in the small intestine.
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| 10725. |
- Johansen, Nicolay, et al.
(författare)
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Generative AI in the Gaming Realm : A Developer Survey
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Generative Artifcial Intelligence (GAI) has significantly evolved, finding applications across various media including game development. This study explored the use of GAI among professional game developers. Through a survey of 21 developers from diverse roles, findings reveal a split in the use of GAI. Half of them do not use it – mainly due to ethical concerns and their perceived lack of necessity. The other half use GAI primarily for prototyping, quick fxes, and brainstorming. Notably, older developers are more inclined to use GAI compared to their younger coworkers, who express more ethical concerns. The findings of the survey stand in contrast to available industry data, as study participants’ use of GAI is far more limited than how similar tools are described and discussed in forums such as Game Developers Conference (GDC). Future advancement in GAI tools may change some of the participants’ perspective on GAI, and therein its impact on professional game development.
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| 10726. |
- Johansson, Björn J E, et al.
(författare)
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Navigation Support using Minimal Information as a Supplement to a Digital Map
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management. - : IGI Global. - 1937-9390 .- 1937-9420. ; 7:1, s. 61-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By presenting continuously updated heading and distance information on a small head-mounted display, as a supplement to a GPS-receiver, the authors examined if workload could be reduced and performance increased when navigating in a demanding situation. The purpose was to present as limited, but sufficient, information as possible to facilitate navigation. The technique was tested on ground troops, but could also be used by rescue services and police in situations that require navigation in unknown environments. The main findings were that the workload was reduced in two aspects (during navigation and handling personal equipment) but increased in another (looking for foot placement). When using the head mounted display, it was found that participants stopped fewer times to look at the GPS-receiver if they had continuous updated heading and distance information. This suggests that a supplement with minimal information on a head mounted display could be useful when navigating with a GPS-receiver in an unknown environment.
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| 10727. |
- Johansson, Björn J E, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of a Geographical Information System on Performance and Communication of a Command and Control Organization
- 2010
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1044-7318 .- 1532-7590. ; 26:2-3, s. 228-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article tests the claimed benefits of using geographical information systems (GIS) in emergency response. An experimental study, which compares command and control (C2) teams using (a) a C2 tool with GIS-functionality and (b) traditional paper maps in a forest firefighting scenario, is presented. A total of 132 persons, forming 22 teams, participated in the study. Eleven teams had access to a C2 tool with GIS-functionality, which provided real-time data about the position of the firefighting units and the fire outbreak. The other 11 teams were using traditional paper maps. The result shows that the teams with access to the C2 tool with GIS-functionality performed significantly better than the teams using the traditional paper maps in terms of saved area. Communication volume was reduced in the case of the C2 teams using the C2 tool with GIS-functionality. The content of exchanged messages was also significantly different in the two settings.
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| 10728. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Navigation support for dismounted soldiers using minimal information as a supplement to a digital map
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management. - : IGI Global. - 1937-9390 .- 1937-9420. ; 7:3, s. 61-79
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By presenting continuously updated heading and distance information on a small head-mounted display, as a supplement to a GPS-receiver, the authors examined if workload could be reduced and performance increased when navigating in a demanding situation. The purpose was to present as limited, but sufficient, information as possible to facilitate navigation. The technique was tested on ground troops, but could also be used by rescue services and police in situations that require navigation in unknown environments. The main findings were that the workload was reduced in two aspects (during navigation and handling personal equipment) but increased in another (looking for foot placement). When using the head mounted display, it was found that participants stopped fewer times to look at the GPS-receiver if they had continuous updated heading and distance information. This suggests that a supplement with minimal information on a head mounted display could be useful when navigating with a GPS-receiver in an unknown environment.
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| 10729. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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No robot is an island - what properties should an autonomous system have in order to be resilient?
- 2024
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Ingår i: Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1463-922X .- 1464-536X. ; , s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autonomous systems are inherently designed to be self-sufficient onlyunder particular circumstances, for specific activities. the environmentneeds to be tailored to align with these design boundaries, ensuringthat technical systems operate as intended. this paper proposes thatinsights from resilience engineering can enhance the self-sufficiency ofso-called autonomous systems, consequently bolstering their adaptivecapacity in unforeseen or unpredicted scenarios. two cases of autono-mous systems are examined to illustrate how this enhancement can beachieved. the conclusion drawn is that the resilience envelope of a sys-tem can be augmented by enabling the system to adapt to multipledesign cases, by defining and prioritizing the core values of the system,and by designing the system to possess a framework for situationsrather than being confined to a singular situational frame. the implica-tions for the design of human-machine systems are also discussed.
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| 10730. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Supporting situation awareness on the move - the role of technology for spatial orientation in the field
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 10th International ISCRAM Conference. ; , s. 442-451
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study presented in this paper has investigated how technology can support spatial awareness when moving in wooded terrain. By “spatial awareness”, we refer to the ability to point in the approximate direction of several objects while navigating in unknown terrain. The ability to localize objects in the terrain has importance for emergency operations, for example firefighting and search and rescue operations. A field experiment was conducted with two conditions, one with technical support and one without. The results show that technical support in terms of GPS, digital maps and electronic compass can dramatically improve the ability to accurately indicate directions to objects. Further, findings concerning use of tests on spatial orientation to predict the ability to indicate directions to objects in the terrain when having no technical support are presented.
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