| 1. |
- Acosta García, Nicolas, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Disagreeing well in an unparadigmatic field: a response to Bodin (2021)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sustainability Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1862-4065 .- 1862-4057. ; 18
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In a recent opinion article, sustainability researcher Örjan Bodin claims that a shift leftward in sustainability science has rendered certain topics and research methods taboo, thus inhibiting the field’s ability to contribute to achieving Agenda 2030. In this response, we problematise Bodin’s framing of sustainability science, arguing he has misrepresented the field as “normal” rather than acknowledging its unparadigmatic character. It is precisely the unparadigmatic character of sustainability sciences (plural emphasised) that allows the field to begin addressing the wicked problems of our time. The question is then how to “disagree well” and assure quality in this unparadigmatic field.
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| 2. |
- Afzelius, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Parents in adult psychiatric care and their children: a call for more interagency collaboration with social services and child and adolescent psychiatry
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 72:1, s. 31-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A parental mental illness affects all family members and should warrant a need for support.Aim: To investigate the extent to which psychiatric patients with underage children are the recipients of child-focused interventions and involved in interagency collaboration.Methods: Data were retrieved from a psychiatric services medical record database consisting of data regarding 29,972 individuals in southern Sweden and indicating the patients' main diagnoses, comorbidity, children below the age of 18, and child-focused interventions.Results: Among the patients surveyed, 12.9% had registered underage children. One-fourth of the patients received child-focused interventions from adult psychiatry, and out of these 30.7% were involved in interagency collaboration as compared to 7.7% without child-focused interventions. Overall, collaboration with child and adolescent psychiatric services was low for all main diagnoses. If a patient received child-focused interventions from psychiatric services, the likelihood of being involved in interagency collaboration was five times greater as compared to patients receiving no child-focused intervention when controlled for gender, main diagnosis, and inpatient care.Conclusions: Psychiatric services play a significant role in identifying the need for and initiating child-focused interventions in families with a parental mental illness, and need to develop and support strategies to enhance interagency collaboration with other welfare services.
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| 3. |
- Agebjöm, Anders
(författare)
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Development of the form and meaning of defmiteness in Russian-speaking learners of Swedish
- 2021
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Ingår i: Norsk Lingvistisk Tidsskrift. - 0800-3076 .- 2387-6719. ; 39:1, s. 41-68
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study investigates the development of defmiteness in two groups of Russian-speaking learners of Swedish, one beginner group and one more advanced group. While Russian does not have articles, Swedish expresses defmiteness through a complex noun-phrase (NP) structure. Using an oral elicitation task, the study examines the learners' ability to produce morphemes that encode (in)defmiteness, their ability to accurately choose between indefinite and definite forms, and the relationship between these two abilities. Findings include that the complex NP structure emerged gradually while there was no evident development with regard to meaning. Initially, however, learners who used the morphemes more also tended to overuse them, while later in development those who produced many morphemes were also more likely to use them accurately. The paper thus demonstrates that the acquisition of a morphosyntactic form and the association of this form with its meaning are two separate processes to some extent.
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| 4. |
- Agebjörn, Anders, 1984
(författare)
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Grammatical accuracy and complexity in a speaking proficiency test
- 2019
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Ingår i: Teachability and Learnability Across Languages / edited by Ragnar Arntzen, Gisela Håkansson, Arnstein Hjelde, Jörg-U. Keßler. - Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 2210-6480. - 9789027203120 ; , s. 137-159
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Common European Framework of Reference has stimulated research on the relation between linguistic competence and communicative competence. Such studies have often used linguistic measures from the Complexity-Accuracy-Fluency (CAF) paradigm to objectively tap into the linguistic competence of language learners; others have used Processability Theory. This study contributes to this research by measuring grammatical accuracy and complexity, in terms of both CAF and level of processability, in learners of second language Swedish taking a speaking proficiency test. The results show that a higher level of processability primarily enables learners to use a more complex, rather than a more accurate, language. Nevertheless, assessors focus primarily on accuracy. This raises questions about the reliability of communicative language testing, and the article argues for a more psycholinguistic and experimental approach to language testing.
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| 5. |
- Ahl, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Translation and validation of the English-language instrument Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionair into Swedish
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 79:1, s. 19-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: In orthognathic surgery, understanding the patient’s motives for treatment is a key factor for postoperative patient satisfaction and treatment success. In countries/systems where orthognathic surgery is funded by public means, patients are referred mainly due to functional problems, although studies of quality of life related changes after treatment indicate that psychosocial and aesthetic reasons might be equal or more important for the patient. There is no available validated condition specific instruments in the Swedish language for quality of life evaluation of patients with dentofacial deformities. Aims/objectives: Cross cultural translation and adaptation of the English-language instrument ‘Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire’ (OQLQ) into Swedish. Methods: OQLQ was translated into Swedish. A total of 121 patients in four groups were recruited and the Swedish version of the OQLQ (OQLQ-S) was tested by psychometric methods. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Validity was evaluated by face, convergent and discriminant validity. Results/findings and conclusions: OQLQ-S is reliable and showed good construct validity and internal consistency and can be used in a Swedish speaking population as a complement to clinical variables to evaluate patients with dentofacial deformity. © 2020, © 2020 Acta Odontologica Scandinavica Society.
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| 6. |
- Al-Bishri, A, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of neurosensory disturbance after sagittal split osteotomy alone or combined with genioplasty
- 2004
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Ingår i: The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-4356 .- 1532-1940. ; 42:2, s. 105-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We mailed questionnaires to all patients who had had sagittal split osteotomies alone (n=84) or in combination with genioplasty (n=37) between 1995 and 2000, to find out the incidence of postoperative sensory disturbances. The patients with sagittal split osteotomies alone reported sensory disturbance in 48/131 (37%) operated sides. When combined with genioplasty patients experienced them in 20/54 (37%) operated sides. The incidences were 36/101 (36%) for mandibular advancement and 12/30 (40%) for mandibular setback. Out of the patients with sagittal split osteotomies alone, 59/66 (89%) were satisfied with the result of the operation, and when combined with the genioplasty the corresponding figure was 23/27 (85%). We conclude that differences in the incidence of sensory disturbance after sagittal split osteotomy for mandibular advancement and setback were not significant. The combination with genioplasty did not increase the incidence of sensory disturbance. Sensory changes after the osteotomies do not serve to be the main determinant of the patients’ satisfaction.
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| 7. |
- Albrektsson, Tomas, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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An Imbalance of the Immune System Instead of a Disease Behind Marginal Bone Loss Around Oral Implants: Position Paper
- 2020
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Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 1942-4434 .- 0882-2786. ; 35:3, s. 495-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to present evidence that supports the notion that the primary reason behind marginal bone loss and implant failure is immune-based and that bacterial actions in the great majority of problematic cases are of a secondary nature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The paper is written as a narrative review. RESULTS: Evidence is presented that commercially pure titanium is not biologically inert, but instead activates the innate immune system of the body. For its function, the clinical implant is dependent on an immune/inflammatory defense against bacteria. Biologic models such as ligature studies have incorrectly assumed that the primary response causing marginal bone loss is due to bacterial action. In reality, bacterial actions are secondary to an imbalance of the innate immune system caused by the combination of titanium implants and ligatures, ie, nonself. This immunologic imbalance may lead to marginal bone resorption even in the absence of bacteria. CONCLUSION: Marginal bone loss and imminent oral implant failure cannot be properly analyzed without a clear understanding of immunologically caused tissue responses.
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| 8. |
- Albrektsson, Tomas, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Bone loss around oral and orthopedic implants: An immunologically based condition
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : Wiley. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 21:4, s. 786-795
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Marginal bone resorption has by some been identified as a "disease" whereas in reality it generally represents a condition. Purpose The present article is a comparison between oral and orthopedic implants, as previously preferred comparisons between oral implants and teeth seem meaningless. Materials and Methods The article is a narrative review on reasons for marginal bone loss. Results and Conclusions The pathology of an oral implant is as little related to a tooth as is pathology of a hip arthroplasty to a normally functioning, pristine hip joint. Oral as well as orthopedic implants are recognized as foreign bodies by the immune system and bone is formed, either in contact or distance osteogenesis, to shield off the foreign materials from remaining tissues. A mild immune reaction coupled to a chronic state of inflammation around the implant serve to protect implants from bacterial attacks. Having said this, an overreaction of the immune system may lead to clinical problems. Marginal bone loss around oral and orthopedic implants is generally not dependent on disease, but represents an immunologically driven rejection mechanism that, if continuous, will threaten implant survival. The immune system may be activated by various combined patient and clinical factors or, if rarely, by microbes. However, the great majority of cases with marginal bone loss represents a temporary immune overreaction only and will not lead to implant failure due to various defense mechanisms.
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| 9. |
- Albrektsson, Tomas, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Crestal Bone Loss and Oral Implants
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : Wiley. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 14:6, s. 783-791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A consensus meeting was arranged to critically analyze whether the high figures of peri-implantitis at machined implants that recently have been reported in the literature are valid also for modern implants. Purpose: The aims of this paper were to present the outcomes from the consensus meeting and to evaluate recent long-term clinical studies on modern implants with regard to frequency of peri-implant infection. Materials and Methods: Ten different studies of three modern implant brands of moderately rough surfaces with 10-year or longer follow-up times were found through a PubMed and manual search. Results: It was concluded that bleeding on probing or probing depths are weak indicators of crestal bone loss (CBL); that CBL occurs for many other reasons than infection; that implant-, clinician-, and patient-related factors contribute to CBL; and that modern oral implants outperform older devices. Based on a literature search, the frequency of implants with reported peri-implant infection and significant bone loss leading to implant removal or other surgical intervention was on average 2.7% during 7 to 16 years of function. Conclusion: The summed frequency of peri-implantitis and implant failure is commonly less than 5% over 10 years of follow-up for modern implants when using established protocols.
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| 10. |
- Albrektsson, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Foreign body reactions, marginal bone loss and allergies in relation to titanium implants
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oral Implantology. - : Quintessence. - 1756-2406 .- 1756-2414. ; 11, s. 37-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe general observations of immunological reactions to foreign materials and to realize that CP titanium gives rise to a foreign body reaction with subsequent bone embedment when placed as oral implants. To analyse the possibility of titanium allergy. Materials and methods: The present paper is of a narrative review type. Hand and Medline searches were performed to evaluate marginal bone loss of oral implants and the potential of titanium allergy. Results: Immunological reactions to foreign substances include Type I hypersensitivity reactions such as allergy, Type II hypersensitivity reactions characterised by IgM or IgG antibodies that may react with blood group antigens at transfusion, and Type III hypersensitivity caused by antigen-antibody immune complexes exemplified by acute serum sickness. There is also Type IV hypersensitivity, or delayed hypersensitivity, which is typically found in drug and foreign body reactions. It proved very difficult to find a universally acceptable definition of reasons for marginal bone loss around oral implants, which lead to most varying figures of so-called peri-implantitis being 1% to 2% in some 10-year follow-up papers to between 28% and 56% of all placed implants in other papers. It was recognised that bone resorption to oral as well as orthopaedic implants may be due to immunological reactions. Today, osseointegration is seen as an immune-modulated inflammatory process where the immune system is locally either up- or downregulated. Titanium implant allergy is a rare condition, if it exists. The authors found only two papers presenting strong evidence of allergy to CP titanium, but with the lack of universally accepted and tested patch tests, the precise diagnosis is difficult. Conclusions: CP titanium acts as a foreign body when placed in live tissues. There may be immunological reasons behind marginal bone loss. Titanium allergy may exist in rare cases, but there is a lack of properly designed and analysed patch tests at present.
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