| 51. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Effective use of assistive technologies for inclusive education in developing countries : issues and challenges from two case studies
- 2010
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Ingår i: ijEDict - International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology. - 1814-0556. ; 6:4, s. 5-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing countries face many obstacles in the process of implementing inclusive education (IE). Effective use of assistive technologies (AT) can help governments in developing countries achieve inclusive education by helping children with disabilities in schools. Despite the importance and positive impact of AT, prior research on the use of AT in inclusive education especially in developing countries is limited. To fill the research gap in this area, this paper investigates the research question of, How can AT be effectively used for IE in developing countries? To address this question, we conducted an in-depth case study of two developing countries, Bangladesh and Tanzania, and thoroughly reviewed existing IE projects around the world and other relevant literature. Three experts in the field and 18 informants of the two selected countries were interviewed in person, by phone or by email. The analysis of findings from interviews and literature review shows that obstacles to effective use of AT for IE come from three different levels – school, national, and network. Because AT is only part of the equation for a country to achieve IE, a high level national perspective is required and other related factors also need to be considered. We recommend governments in developing countries adopt a systematic approach in tackling obstacles at each level and pay attention to five management challenges: establishment and maintenance of professional networks: identification and maintenance of knowle ge and expertise; funding management; coordination among ministries, and implementation, maintenance, and monitoring of a national program. Overall, governments are suggested to adopt a “network” approach that includes a constructive view of development drawing on incentives-based cooperation from all stakeholders. The results of this research shed light on the status quo of the use of AT for inclusive education in developing countries and provide useful guidance to parties who are interested in using assistive technologies to achieve inclusive education.
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| 52. |
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| 53. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-
(författare)
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Electronic identity management in Sweden : governance of a market approach
- 2010
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Ingår i: Identity in the Information Society. - Berlin : Springer. - 1876-0678. ; 3:1, s. 195-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reviews the history and current status of electronic identities (eID) and eID management in Sweden, including an outlook for the future. The paper is based on official policy documents, technical documentation, presentations by key experts, and comments from government agencies and independent experts. The future perspective is based on the October 2009 public investigation (SOU 2009:86) by the E-delegation. It is concluded that the E-delegation proposal, while still pending political decision, is a major step forward in terms of making eID more established as an infrastructural element in the government electronic service program
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
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| 56. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-
(författare)
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Emerging electronic infrastructures : exploring democratic components
- 2003
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Ingår i: Social science computer review. - : SAGE Publications. - 0894-4393 .- 1552-8286. ; 21:1, s. 55-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concepts of electronic government and electronic democracy have common roots in that electronic government must rest on, and support, democratic principles. This article discusses how the components of a democratic society are treated as they are built into the emerging electronic infrastructures, dealing with services and dialogues pertinent to the functioning of the public sector, and tries to find emerging patterns. This article opens a discussion on the nature of the emerging infrastructures by reviewing four implementations of local e-democracy and putting them into the context of global e-government development, in particular the European Union’s development of “eEurope.” It is found that the cases represent different models of democracy, models that are only partially explicit. The development is governed more by gradual implementation of information and communication technology than a general political agenda. This means local actors have great influence, and hence, e-democracy is not deterministic; it can come in many shapes.
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
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| 59. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-
(författare)
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ICT is not participation is not democracy : eParticipation development models revisited
- 2009
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Ingår i: Electronic participation, proceedings. - Berlin : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642037801 ; , s. 12-23
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There exist several models to describe "progress" to eParticipation. Models are typically ladder type and share two assumptions, progress is equalled with more sophisticated use of technology, and direct democracy is seen as the most advanced democracy model None of the assumptions are true. considering democratic theory. and neither is fruitful as the simplification disturbs analysis and hence obscures actual progress made. The models convey a false impression of progress. but neither the goal, nor the path or the stake-holders driving the development are clearly understood, presented or evidenced. This paper analyses commonly used models based on democratic theory and eParticipation practice, and concludes that all are biased and fail to distinguish between the three dimensions an eParticipation progress model must include: relevance to democracy by any definition, applicability to different processes. (capacity building as well as decision making), and measuring different levels of participation without direct democracy bias.
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| 60. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Introducing e-Gov : history, definitions, and issues
- 2005
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Ingår i: Communications of the Association for Information Systems. - 1529-3181 .- 1529-3181. ; 15, s. 39-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The e-Gov field (also called Electronic Government, Digital Government, Electronic Governance, and similar names) emerged in the late 1990´s. Since then it spurred several scientific conferences and journals. Because the field grew considerably in size, both its contents and position with respect to other research fields and disciplines need to be explained and discussed. What is e-Gov? What is e-Gov research? What does it mean for the field of Information Systems? This paper briefly sketches the short e-Gov history and current status, and discusses the content of the field as it appears in current research. We conclude with a discussion of e-Gov as a research field of interest both as a new application area for IS theories and methods and as a source of new insight.
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