| 27381. |
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| 27382. |
- De Beer, L. T., et al.
(författare)
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Investigating the reversed causality of engagement and burnout in job demands-resources theory
- 2013
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Ingår i: South African Journal of Industrial Psychology. - Cape Town : AOSIS. - 0258-5200 .- 2071-0763. ; 39:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Orientation: Reversed causality is an area that has not commanded major attention within the South African context, specifically pertaining to engagement, burnout and job demands resources. Therefore, this necessitated an investigation to elucidate the potential effects.Research purpose: To investigate the reversed causal hypotheses of burnout and engagement in job demands-resources theory over time.Motivation for the study: Organisations and researchers should be made aware of the effects that burnout and engagement could have over time on resources and demands.Research design, approach and method: A longitudinal design was employed. The availability sample (n = 593) included participants from different demographic backgrounds. A survey was used to measure all constructs at both points in time. Structural equation modelling techniques were implemented with a categorical estimator to investigate the proposed hypotheses.Main findings: Burnout was found to have a significant negative longitudinal relationship with colleague support and supervisor support, whilst the negative relationship with supervisor support over time was more prominent. Engagement showed only one significant but small, negative relationship with supervisor support over time. All other relationships were statistically non-significant.Practical/managerial implications: This study makes organisations aware of the relationship between burnout and relationships at work over time. Proactive measures to promote relationships at work, specifically supervisor support, should be considered in addition to combatting burnout itself and promoting engagement.Contribution/value-add: This study provides insights and information on reversed causality, namely, the effects that engagement and burnout can have over time.
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| 27383. |
- De Beer, Leon T., et al.
(författare)
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Job Burnout, Work Engagement and Self-reported Treatment for Health Conditions in South Africa
- 2016
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 32:1, s. 36-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study being reported here was to investigate the relationship of job burnout and work engagement with self-reported received treatment for health conditions (cardiovascular condition, high cholesterol, depression, diabetes, hypertension and irritable bowel syndrome), while controlling for age, gender, smoking and alcohol use. The sample comprised 7895 employees from a broad range of economic sectors in the South African working population. A cross-sectional survey design was used for the study. Structural equation modelling methods were implemented with a weighted least squares approach. The results showed that job burnout had a positive relationship with self-reported received treatment for depression, diabetes, hypertension and irritable bowel syndrome. Work engagement did not have any significant negative or positive relationships with the treatment for these health conditions. The results of this study make stakeholders aware of the relationship between job burnout, work engagement and self-reported treatment for health conditions. Evidence for increased reporting of treatment for ill-health conditions due to burnout was found. Therefore, attempts should be made to manage job burnout to prevent ill-health outcomes.
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| 27384. |
- De Beer,, L.T, et al.
(författare)
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Job burnout’s relationship with sleep difficulties in the presence of control variables : A self-report study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: South African Journal of Psychology.. - : SAGE Publications. - 0081-2463.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Burnout, as a work-related phenomenon, has negative consequences on employee functioning and is well documented. What is deserving of further investigation is how effort-recovery processes may be affected, in this instance, sleep. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether significant sleep difficulties are reported when employees report experienced burnout, while also controlling for age, gender, exercise, smoking habits, and treatment for depression. A cross-sectional survey design was used in data collection. The sample consisted of 734 participants with white collar positions in the financial industry of South Africa. Structural equation modelling methods were implemented in order to investigate the hypotheses. The results of the structural model indicated that burnout was significantly related to sleep difficulties, even in the presence of reported treatment for depression, and the other control variables. The correlations between burnout, treatment for depression, as well as sleep difficulties were all positive and practically significant. The results, recommendations, limitations, and practical implications of the study are discussed.
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| 27385. |
- De Beer, Leon T., et al.
(författare)
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Work overload, burnout, and psychological ill-health symptoms : a three-wave mediation model of the employee health impairment process
- 2016
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Ingår i: Anxiety, Stress, and Coping. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 1061-5806 .- 1477-2205. ; 29:4, s. 387-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Objectives: The study reported here investigated the causal relationships in the health impairment process of employee well-being, and the mediating role of burnout in the relationship between work overload and psychological ill-health symptoms, over time. The research is deemed important due to the need for longitudinal evidence of the health impairment process of employee well-being over three waves of data. Design: A quantitative survey design was followed. Participants constituted a longitudinal sample of 370 participants, at three time points, after attrition. Methods: Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling methods were implemented. Results: Work overload at time one predicted burnout at time two, and burnout at time two predicted psychological ill-health symptoms at time three. Indirect effects were found between work overload time one and psychological ill-health symptoms time three via burnout time two, and also between burnout time one and psychological ill-health symptoms time three, via burnout time two. Conclusions: The results provided supportive evidence for an “indirect-only” mediation effect, for burnout's causal mediation mechanism in the health impairment process between work overload and psychological ill-health symptoms.
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| 27386. |
- De Block, Marjan, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating life history and physiology to understand latitudinal size variation in a damselfly
- 2008
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Ingår i: Ecography. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0906-7590 .- 1600-0587. ; 31, s. 115-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our understanding of latitudinal life history patterns may benefit by jointly considering age and mass at maturity and growth rate. Additional insight may be gained by exploring potential constraints through pushing growth rates to their maximum and scoring physiological cost-related variables. Therefore, we reared animals of a univoltine Spanish and Belgian population and of a semivoltine Swedish population of the damselfly Enallagma cyathigerum (spanning a latitude gradient of ca 2350 km) in a common environment from the eggs until adult emergence and exposed them to a transient starvation period to induce compensatory growth. Besides age and mass at maturity and growth rate we also scored investment in energy storage (i.e. triglycerides) and immune function (i.e. total activity of phenoloxidase). At emergence, body mass was greater in Spain and Sweden and lower in Belgium, suggesting a genetic component for the U-shaped latitudinal pattern that was found also in a previous study based on field-collected adults. The mass difference between univoltine populations can be explained by the shorter development time in the Belgian population, and this despite a higher growth rate, a pattern consistent with undercompensating countergradient variation. In line with the assumed shorter growth seasons, Belgian and Swedish animals showed higher routine growth rates and compensatory growth after transient starvation. Despite a strong link with metabolic rates (as measured by oxygen consumption) populations with higher routine growth rates had no lower fat content and had higher immune function (i.e. immune function decreased from Sweden to Spain), which was unexpected. Rapid compensatory growth did, however, result in a lowered immune function. This may contribute to the absence of perfect compensating countergradient variation in the Belgian population and the lowest routine growth rates in the Spanish population. Our results underscore the importance of integrating key life historical with physiological traits for understanding latitudinal population differentiation.
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| 27387. |
- De Bono, Johann S., et al.
(författare)
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Cabazitaxel shows a consistently greater survival benefit compared to mitoxantrone in patients with mCRPC
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nowotwory. - : Via Medica. - 0029-540X. ; 64:1, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This sub analysis of TROPIC study evaluates overall survival (OS) under cabazitaxel in patients who had no initial response to docetaxel (D ) and discontinued D for disease progression and those who initially responded to D but experienced disease progression <3 months since last D dose. These patients are believed unlikely to benefit from D re-treatment and need new treatment options such as cabazitaxel.Methods: Of the 755 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) enrolled in TROPIC study, 362 (47.9%) had no initial response to D and discontinued it for disease progression, 155 (20.5%) had an initial response to D therapy according to investigator judgment but progressed <3 months since last D dose and 238 (31.5%) did not belong to these two subgroups. All patients were randomized to receive cabazitaxel 25 mg/m2 or mitoxantrone 12 mg/m2 both every 3 weeks and prednisone 10 mg per os daily.Results: Median OS with cabazitaxel was consistently longer than with mitoxantrone in all subgroups. The highest survival benefit versus mitoxantrone was observed for patients who initially responded to D and then progressed <3 months since last D dose (median OS 15.7 versus 11.6 months, Hazard ratio (HR) 0.52 [95% CI 0.35-0.76]). Median PFS was also significantly improved in the latter subgroup compared to mitoxantrone (2.6 versus 1.4 months, HR 0.66 [0.48-0.91]).Conclusion: Cabazitaxel plus prednisone consistently shows a greater survival benefit compared to mitoxantrone plus prednisone whatever the subgroup considered, including responders to first-line D who progressed <3 months since last D and pts without initial response to D who discontinued it for disease progression.
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| 27388. |
- de Boon, Auvikki, et al.
(författare)
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A psychometric approach to assess justice perceptions in support of the governance of agricultural sustainability transitions
- 2023
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Ingår i: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. - : Elsevier. - 2210-4224 .- 2210-4232. ; 46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is consensus that we need sustainability transitions and increasing acknowledgement that such transitions should be conducted in a just manner. However, what exactly a ‘just transition’ means and how this should be brought about is less clear. Attempts to examine the justice of transitions to date primarily rely on normative interpretations of what justice means. Using the English agricultural transition as a case, we develop an instrument that builds on the underlying dimensions of justice evaluations to provide a tool for decision-makers to gain insights into societal perceptions of what a just agricultural transition means to them. When adapted, this instrument is also valuable for sustainability transitions in other sectors. We establish adequate construct reliability and validity for a number of constructs such as Equality, Entitlement, and Merit as Principles of Procedural Justice, whilst others such as the different Topics of Distributional Justice will need further refinement.
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| 27389. |
- de Boon, Auvikki, et al.
(författare)
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Addressing the political nature of agricultural sustainability transitions : lessons for governance
- 2022
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Ingår i: Transforming food systems. - The Netherlands : Wageningen Academic Publishers. - 9789086863877 - 9789086869398 ; , s. 34-39-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Agriculture is facing increasing challenges as a result of climate change, biodiversity loss, environmental degradation, and demographic change. Yet, at the same time, currently dominant agricultural practices contribute to exacerbate these challenges. It is therefore widely recognized that there is a need for an agricultural sustainability transition. However, what this transition should look like and how it should be brought about is a value-based, normative judgement with differing implications for different people, making transition processes inherently political. In order to govern these processes in a way that recognizes the ethical implications of the political nature of agricultural transitions, we need to understand all the components that influence, and are influenced by, transition processes, interactions across societal levels, and the normative and power dynamics that come together to shape the direction and outcomes of transition processes. In addition, we need insights into what aspects people consider when they build their perceptions of the legitimacy and justice of an agricultural transition. In this paper we draw together overarching lessons learned from extensive reviews of dominant transition, legitimacy, and justice theories, interviews with stakeholder organisations, and a survey of 400 English adults.
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| 27390. |
- de Boon, Auvikki, et al.
(författare)
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Governing agricultural innovation : A comprehensive framework to underpin sustainable transitions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Rural Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0743-0167 .- 1873-1392. ; 89, s. 407-422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innovations have the potential to help us address and overcome many of the challenges that agriculture is facing today. Yet, at the same time, they have the potential to create new, sometimes even more challenging, problems, especially when they are not governed in a sustainable way. Governing agricultural innovation sustainably requires understanding of all components that influence, and are influenced by, innovation processes, interactions across societal levels, and the normative and power dynamics that come together to shape the direction and outcomes of innovation processes. Hitherto, approaches to (agricultural) innovation and transition tend to specialize on a specific societal scale or sub-aspect of innovation or transition processes. In this article we aim to bring the strengths of some of the main approaches (Multi-Level Perspective, Agricultural Innovation Systems, Responsible Innovation, Innovation Management, Theory of Planned Behaviour) and insights from environmental governance literature together into a comprehensive framework. The framework describes seven key components and their interactions: macro context, governance system, immediate context, innovative and adaptive capacity of the actors, psychosocial factors, and the innovation process itself. Based on these, we present a subset of guiding questions that can be used diagnostically or for design purposes to support the sustainable governance of agricultural innovation processes.
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