| 1. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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5-year mortality rate in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction in relation to early diagnosis.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Cardiology. - 0008-6312. ; 75:4, s. 250-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1,395 patients admitted to hospital between 1976 and 1981 due to suspected acute myocardial infarction, the 5-year mortality rate was related to whether they developed infarction or not during the first 3 days. In all, patients with definite myocardial infarction had a 5-year mortality rate of 33.4% as compared with 13.3% in patients not fulfilling the criteria for this diagnosis (p less than 0.001). When separately analyzing patients with no previous myocardial infarction before admission and discharged from hospital, the corresponding mortality rate was 24.1% for myocardial infarction patients versus 8.1% in nonmyocardial infarction patients (p less than 0.001). Among all patients with nonconfirmed myocardial infarction, those who partly fulfilled the criteria (possible myocardial infarction) had a 5-year mortality rate of 16.7% as compared with 12.0% in those in whom myocardial infarction was completely ruled out (p = 0.18). Independent risk factors for death among patients not developing early infarction were high age and a clinical history of previous myocardial infarction and smoking. We conclude that in this study the long-term prognosis among patients admitted to hospital due to suspected acute myocardial infarction was clearly related to whether they developed an infarction or not during the first 3 days in hospital.
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| 2. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Morbidity during five years after myocardial infarction and its relation to infarct size.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Clinical Cardiology. - : John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. - 0160-9289 .- 1932-8737. ; 11:10, s. 672-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 809 patients with a recent myocardial infarction, morbidity during 5-year follow-up was assessed. The overall 5-year mortality rate was 33% (39% in patients with larger infarcts and 26% in patients with smaller infarcts) as judged from maximum serum enzyme activity (p less than .001). In terms of morbidity, no significant association with estimated infarct size was observed. Patients with smaller infarcts tended to have a higher reinfarction rate and were rehospitalized more often, whereas a similar proportion of patients with large and small infarcts developed stroke. Among survivors, chest pain tended to be more common in patients having smaller infarcts, whereas symptoms of dyspnea and claudicatio intermittens were similar in both groups, as were smoking habits, work capability, and varying forms of medication. We thus conclude that during a 5-year follow-up after acute myocardial infarction, mortality, but not morbidity, was related to the original infarct size.
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| 3. |
- Seger, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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A new dynamometer measuring concentric and eccentric muscle strength in accelerated, decelerated, or isokinetic movements
- 1988
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. - 0301-5548 .- 1432-1025. ; 57, s. 526-530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new computerized dynamometer (the SPARK System) is described. The system can measure concentric and eccentric muscle strength (torque) during linear or nonlinear acceleration or deceleration, isokinetic movements up to 400 degrees.s-1, and isometric torque. Studies were performed to assess: I. validity and reproducibility of torque measurements; II. control of lever arm position; III. control of different velocity patterns; IV. control of velocity during subject testing; and, V. intra-individual reproducibility. No significant difference was found between torque values computed by the system and known torque values (p greater than 0.05). No difference was present between programmed and external measurement of the lever arm position. Accelerating, decelerating and isokinetic velocity patterns were highly reproducible, with differences in elapsed time among 10 trials being never greater than 0.001 s. Velocity during concentric and eccentric isokinetic quadriceps contractions at 30 degrees.s-1, 120 degrees.s-1 and 270 degrees.s-1 never varied by more than 3 degrees.s-1 among subjects (N = 21). Over three days of testing, the overall error for concentric and eccentric quadriceps contraction peak torque values for 5 angular velocities between 30 degrees.s-1 and 270 degrees.s-1 ranged from 5.8% to 9.0% and 5.8% to 9.6% respectively (N = 25). The results indicate that the SPARK System provides valid and reproducible torque measurements and strict control of velocity. In addition, the intra-individual error is in accordance with those reported for other similar devices.
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| 4. |
- Westing, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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Eccentric and concentric torque-velocity characteristics of the quadriceps femoris in man
- 1988
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. - 0301-5548 .- 1432-1025. ; 58, s. 100-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary purpose of this investigation was to study the eccentric and concentric torque-velocity characteristics of the quadriceps femoris in man using a recently developed combined isometric, concentric and eccentric controlled velocity dynamometer (the SPARK System). A secondary purpose was to compare the method error associated with maximal voluntary concentric and eccentric torque output over a range of testing velocities. 21 males (21-32 years) performed on two separate days maximal voluntary isometric, concentric and eccentric contractions of the quadriceps femoris at 4 isokinetic lever arm velocities of 0 degree.s-1 (isometric), 30 degrees.s-1, 120 degrees.s-1 and 270 degrees.s-1. Eccentric peak torque and angle-specific torques (measured every 10 degrees from 30 degrees to 70 degrees) did not significantly change from 0 degrees.s-1 to 270 degrees.s-1 (p greater than 0.005) with the exception of angle-specific 40 degrees torque, which significantly increased; p less than 0.05). The mean method error was significantly higher for the eccentric tests (10.6% +/- 1.6%) than for the concentric tests (8.1% +/- 1.7%) (p less than 0.05). The mean method error decreased slightly with increasing concentric velocity (p greater than 0.05), and increased slightly with increasing eccentric velocity (p greater than 0.05). A tension restricting neural mechanism, if active during maximal eccentric contractions, could possibly account for the large difference seen between the present eccentric torque-velocity results and the classic results obtained from isolated animal muscle.
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