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  • Resultat 73781-73790 av 149744
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73781.
  • Kruszewska, Danuta, et al. (författare)
  • Effect of the antibacterial activity of pig pancreatic juice on human multiresistant bacteria.
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Pancreas. - 0885-3177. ; 28:2, s. 191-199
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: The role of the exocrine pancreas in regulating gut microflora colonization is unclear. The main objective in the current study was to assess the effect of pancreatic fluid on the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Methods: The antibacterial activity of pure pig pancreatic juice collected from catheterized, healthy, conscious, and anesthetized pigs was investigated with multiresistant microbial isolates and nonpathogenic strains. Studies were performed on pathogenic bacterial and fungi as well as lactic acid bacteria and reference strains. Results: Pancreatic juice was effective (P < 0.01) against multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens, whereas lactic acid bacteria were insensitive. The antibacterial action was independent of pancreatic juice proteolytic activity. The in vitro antibacterial properties of pancreatic juice last for several hours. Data suggest that broth composition may modulate the intensity of pancreatic juice antibacterial activity. Conclusions: Pancreatic juice antibacterial activity may be an important factor in limiting the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. We postulate that observed antibacterial activity of the pancreatic juice could play an important role as one of the factors of innate immunity.
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73782.
  • Kruszewska, Danuta, et al. (författare)
  • Enteral crude red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lectin--phytohemagglutinin--induces maturational changes in the enterocyte membrane proteins of suckling rats.
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Biology of the Neonate. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9727. ; 84:2, s. 152-158
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study aimed to investigate the effect of enterally administered crude red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lectin, PHA, on the expression of brush-border membrane vesicle (BBMV) proteins, in particular Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs), in the small intestine of suckling rats. Gavage of PHA to 14-day-old rats for 3 days resulted in altered protein/glycoprotein patterns as analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Immunoblots demonstrated the appearance of two 71- and 27-kD protein bands indicative for NHE3 - one of the NHE isoforms - and PHA, respectively. PHA treatment also resulted in an augmented uptake of 22Na+ by the BBMV indicating an increase in NHE activity. Overall, the data suggests that enteral PHA exposure may induce maturational changes in enterocyte membrane proteins in young rats. In view of these findings, an investigation into the addition of PHA to infant formulas and weaning diets is warranted.
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73783.
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73784.
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73785.
  • Kruszewska, Danuta, et al. (författare)
  • Pancreatic juice protects gut from pathogenic bacteria
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Progress in Research on Energy and Protein Metabolism. - 0071-2477. - 9789076998244 ; 109, s. 303-305
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The role of the exocrine pancreas in regulating gut microflora colonization is unclear. The main objective in the present study was to assess the affect of pancreatic fluid on the growth of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Pancreatic juice samples used in the study were obtained from nine eight-week old weaned pigs in which catheters were implanted in the pancreatic duct. The antibacterial activity of pure pig pancreatic juice collected from healthy, conscious and also anaesthetized pigs was investigated with multi-resistant microbial isolates and non-pathogenic strains. Studies were performed on 23 bacterial and 2 Candida albicans isolates, including 4 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and 3 reference strains. Pancreatic juice was effective (p<0.01) against multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens, whereas other strains had only moderate sensitivity (p<0.05) to its antibacterial action and furthermore LAB were insensitive. The antibacterial action was independent of pancreatic juice proteolytic activity and stable when measured before and after enterokinase activation of trypsinogen. We demonstrated in vitro, that the antibacterial properties of pancreatic juice last for several hours. Our data suggests that broth composition may modulate the intensity of pancreatic juice antibacterial activity in vitro; this can have implications for digestive related antibacterial activity in vivo. Thus, pancreatic juice antibacterial activity may be an important factor in limiting the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, in both the small and the large intestines. We postulate that observed antibacterial activity of the pancreatic juice could play an important role as one of the factor of innate immunity.
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73786.
  • Kruuse, C., et al. (författare)
  • Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels during glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)-induced headache in healthy volunteers
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Cephalalgia. - : SAGE Publications. - 0333-1024 .- 1468-2982. ; 30:4, s. 467-474
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The role of nitric oxide (NO) in migraine has been studied in the experimental glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)-infusion headache model. We hypothesized that GTN-induced headache may activate the trigeminovascular system and be associated with increased levels of sensory neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). CGRP, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and somatostatin plasma levels were measured before and after placebo/sumatriptan injection and during GTN-induced headache. Following a double-blind randomized cross-over design, 10 healthy volunteers received subcutaneous sumatriptan 6 mg or placebo. This was succeeded by 20 min of GTN (0.12 mu g kg(-1) min(-1)) infusion. At baseline no subject reported headache (using verbal rating scale from 0 to 10) and the jugular CGRP-like immunoreactivity (-LI) level was 18.6 +/- 2.5 pmol/l. After a 20-min intravenous infusion of GTN 0.12 mu g kg(-1) min(-1), median peak headache intensity was 4 (range 2-6) (P < 0.05), while jugular CGRP-LI levels were unchanged (19.0 +/- 2.8 pmol/l; P > 0.05). There were no changes in VIP-, NPY- or somatostatin-LI. In conclusion, the NO donor GTN appears not to induce headache via immediate CGRP release.
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73787.
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73788.
  • Kruuse, Christina, et al. (författare)
  • Differential vasoactive effects of sildenafil and tadalafil on cerebral arteries
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0712 .- 0014-2999. ; 674:2-3, s. 345-351
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) is associated with migraine pathophysiology, stroke recovery and vasospasm treatment The potential vascular interplay of PDE5 inhibitors sildenafil, tadalafil and UK-114,542 was studied by intra- versus extra-luminal administration in rat middle cerebral arteries in vitro and on middle meningeal arteries in vivo. By Western blot PDE5 was detected in both cerebral and meningeal arteries, though with minor variations in band intensity between vascular beds. Rat middle cerebral artery diameter was investigated using pressurised arteriography, applying UK-114,542, sildenafil, and tadalafil intra- or extraluminally. Effects on the dural middle meningeal artery were studied in the in vivo closed cranial window model. At high concentrations, abluminal sildenafil and UK-114,542, but not tadalafil, induced dilatation of the middle cerebral artery. Luminal application elicited a contraction of 4% (sildenafil, P = 0.03) and 10% (tadalafil, P = 0.02). In vivo, sildenafil, but not tadalafil, dose-dependently dilated middle meningeal artery concomitant to blood pressure reduction (1-3 mg/kg);1 mg/kg sildenafil inducing 60 +/- 14% (P = 0.04) and vehicle (DMSO) 13 +/- 6% dilatation. In conclusion, PDE5 inhibitors applied luminally had minor contractile effect, whereas abluminal sildenafil induced middle cerebral artery dilatation above therapeutic levels. In vivo, sildenafil dilated middle meningeal artery concomitant with a reduction in blood pressure. Tadalafil had no dilatory effects. PDE5 inhibitors show differential vascular activity in cerebral arteries from healthy animals; arterial dilatation is seen primarily above therapeutic levels. Such findings support clinical studies showing no vasodilator effects of sildenafil on cerebral arteries in healthy subjects. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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73789.
  • Kruuse, C, et al. (författare)
  • Phosphodiesterase 5 and effects of sildenafil on cerebral arteries of man and guinea pig
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0712 .- 0014-2999. ; 521:1-3, s. 105-114
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Sildenafil (Viagra((R))), a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), induces headache and migraine. Although previously supposed to be a "vascular" headache, no significant cerebral artery dilatation was found in vivo. Thus, we hypothesised that PDE5 may not be present or that sildenafil is less effective on the cGMP hydrolysis in cerebral arteries, and that sildenafil may not be an effective dilator of cerebral arteries under baseline conditions. We evaluated the presence of PDE5 mRNA and protein in human arteries. Furthermore, the effects of two selective PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil and UK-114,542, and a PDE1 inhibitor UK-90,234 on cGMP hydrolysis were investigated in human and guinea pig cerebral arteries. The vasoactive responses of the compounds were evaluated in guinea pig basilar arteries in vitro, with concomitant measurements of cAMP and cGMP. PDE5 was found in human middle cerebral arteries. Sildenafil and UK-114,542 inhibited cGMP hydrolysis concentration-dependently in both species. In guinea pig arteries, sildenafil induced an endothelium-dependent vasodilatation only at concentrations above 10 nM, which was augmented by sodium nitroprusside and attenuated by reduction of cGMP, but was cGMP independent at high concentrations. UK114,542 was more and UK-90,234 was less potent than sildenafil. In conclusion, PDE5 is present in human and guinea pig cerebral arteries, and is inhibited by sildenafil at micromolar levels. Sildenafil in vitro is a poor dilator of guinea pig cerebral arteries unless a nitric oxide donor is co-administered, corresponding to the previous findings in vivo.
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73790.
  • Kruzela, Pavla, et al. (författare)
  • Lärande ledarskap genom SI
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Proceedings Utvecklingskonferens Lunds universitet 2009. ; , s. 155-163
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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