| 51. |
- Abdelzadeh, Ali, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Dissatisfied citizens : an asset or a burden in democratic functioning of a society?
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Past research has shown that, whereas the majority of people in democracies support the idea of democracy as a form of governance, some citizens are dissatisfied with the democratic institutions and the way democracy performs. In this paper, we examined democratic characteristics of dissatisfied youths to understand the role they play in the democratic functioning of a society. Based on youth’s dissatisfaction with the performance of political institutions and the principles of democracy, we identified four groups distinct of citizens. Then, we compared these groups in terms of their political engagement, knowledge and interest, values and attitudes, and law breaking attitudes. The results showed that youths with high levels of principle- and performance-driven dissatisfaction were less likely to participate in politics, less knowledgeable and interested in political issues, and more likely to break the laws, even if people got hurt compared to other three groups. In contrast, youths who were only dissatisfied with the performance of democratic institutions were more likely to participate in politics, and have higher humanistic values and tolerance towards immigrants. By examining distinct groups of dissatisfied citizens and their democratic characteristics, the current study contributes to the general debate on the role of dissatisfied citizens in democracies.
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| 52. |
- Abdelzadeh, Ali, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
En arena för tillit och tolerans?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Föreningen, jaget och laget. - Stockholm : Centrum för idrottsforskning. - 9789198183375 ; , s. 27-46
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 53. |
- Abdelzadeh, Ali, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Iran
- 2015. - 1
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Ingår i: Komparativ politik. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144096865 ; , s. 267-293
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 54. |
- Abdelzadeh, Ali, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Procedural fairness and political trust among young people : evidence from a panel study on Swedish high school students
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Politica. - Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan Ltd.. - 0001-6810 .- 1741-1416. ; 50:3, s. 253-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The role of ‘fair’ institutions in developing democratic legitimacy has received increased attention. Citizens who perceive – on basis of past experiences – that they are being treated fairly by authorities have been held to have greater trust in political institutions. However, previous studies on the relationship between procedural fairness and political trust have not paid sufficient attention to individuals with limited first-hand experiences of authorities. We examine the relationship on an authority that virtually all individuals meet early in life: the school. Using structural equation modeling on unique panel data covering 1,500 Swedish adolescents (ages ranging from 13 to 17), we find a reciprocal relationship: personal encounters with school authorities shape young people’s political trust; however, the images that adolescents get of the political system (through family, peers, media, etc.) have also consequences on their perceptions about the authorities they encounter in their daily lives. The analysis increases our understanding of how individuals form their political allegiances by showing that the relationship between fairness and trust is more dynamic than has previously been suggested: neither an accumulated set of experiences of authorities nor formal ties with political institutions (as voters, etc.) are required for a relationship to emerge.
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| 55. |
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| 56. |
- Abdelzadeh, Ali, 1981-
(författare)
-
The impact of political conviction on the relation between winning or losing and political dissatisfaction : findings from Sweden
- 2014
-
Ingår i: SAGE Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2158-2440. ; 4:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Election outcomes, or more specifically belonging to a political minority or majority, have a significant impact on citizens’ attitudes toward the political system and political involvement. This study aims to broaden our understanding in these regards by taking into account the effects of people’s political convictions on the relation between belonging to a political minority or majority and their dissatisfaction with the performance of the political system. Using a person-oriented approach, four groups of citizens were identified on the basis of their attachment to political parties. The group of people who were not politically attached to any of the political parties were the most dissatisfied, whereas supporters of parties in government were the least dissatisfied. Moreover, supporters of opposition parties who had high levels of political conviction were more dissatisfied than supporters of opposition parties who had lower levels of political conviction. Overall, the findings of this study show that it is crucial to take into account the individual characteristics of citizens when studying the relations between election outcomes and political attitudes.
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| 57. |
- Abdelzadeh, Ali, 1981-
(författare)
-
Transcending dichotomies : The many faces of youth dissatisfaction in democracy
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the recent scholarly debates over changing citizenship attitudes and norms in advanced democracies, especially when it comes to rising levels of political dissatisfaction, opinion about the political role of young people is divided. For some scholars, they represent a driving force behind the development of new kinds of citizenship values, and constitute an asset to the functioning of political systems. For others, they pose a potential threat to the health of representative democracy, because of their increasing levels of dissatisfaction and civic disengagement. By contrast with these two competing approaches, this dissertation advances the argument that a more balanced view of young people’s political activities is called for. Adopting a quantitative approach, it aims therefore to contribute to better theoretical and empirical understanding of young people’s political dissatisfaction, and to explain their role in a democratic society. Considering different aspects of dissatisfaction, the current dissertation contributes to previous research in significant ways. Among others things, it adds to our knowledge by showing empirically that, in terms of political dissatisfaction, young people constitute a heterogeneous group, with different political roles and profiles, ranging from the healthy to the more threatening. Moreover, it contributes to previous research by highlighting the crucial role played by fair teachers in providing linkages between young citizens and the wider political system. All in all, the findings in the current dissertation have implications for the ongoing debate over the role and significance of young people in the functioning of democratic systems, and also for political socialization research.
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| 58. |
- Abdelzadeh, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding critical citizenship and other forms of public dissatisfaction : an alternative framework
- 2012
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Ingår i: Politics, Culture and Socialization. - : Verlag Barbara Budrich. - 1866-3427 .- 2196-1417. ; 3:1-2, s. 179-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has paid much attention to citizen dissatisfaction and the trends of growing political disaffection, cynicism, and scepticism – in short, the emergence of 'critical citizens'. Also, more recently, critical citizens have sometimes been viewed as an asset for democracy. However, despite both pessimistic and optimistic interpretations of public criticism, the issue of conceptualizing negative attitudes has received less attention. The present study was conducted to enrich understanding of this particular dimension of citizens' attitudes. To this end, the paper suggests an alternative theoretical framework for analysing various forms of negative political orientations. The framework has been tested empirically using three types of statistical procedures, which demonstrate its validity and usefulness.
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| 59. |
- Abdolahpur Monikh, Fazel, et al.
(författare)
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Parental and trophic transfer of nanoscale plastic debris in an assembled aquatic food chain as a function of particle size
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Springer. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existing limitations in analytical techniques for characterization and quantification of nanoscale plastic debris (NPD) in organisms hinder understanding of the parental and trophic transfer of NPD in organisms. Herein, we used iron oxide-doped polystyrene (PS) NPD (Fe-PS-NPD) of 270 nm and Europium (Eu)-doped PS-NPD (Eu-PS-NPD) of 640 nm to circumvent these limitations and to evaluate the influence of particle size on the trophic transfer of NPD along an algae-daphnids food chain and on the reproduction of daphnids fed with NPD-exposed algae. We used Fe and Eu as proxies for the Fe-PS-NPD and Eu-Ps-NPD, respectively. The algae cells (Pseudokirchinella subcapitata) were exposed to 4.8 × 1010 particles/L of Fe-PS-NPD or Eu-PS-NPD for 72 h. A high percentage (>60%) of the NPD was associated with algal cells. Only a small fraction (<11%) of the NPD, however, was transferred to daphnids fed for 21 days on the NPD-exposed algae. The uptake and trophic transfer of the 270 nm Fe-PS-NPD were higher than those for the 640 nm Eu-PS-NPD, indicating that smaller NPD are more likely to transfer along food chains. After exposure to Fe-PS-NPD, the time to first brood was prolonged and the number of neonates per adult significantly decreased compared to the control without any exposure and compared to daphnids exposed to the Eu-Ps-NPD. The offspring of daphnids exposed to Eu-PS-NPD through algae, showed a traceable concentration of Eu, suggesting that NPD are transferred from parents to offspring. We conclude that NPD can be transferred in food chains and caused reproductive toxicity as a function of NPD size. Studies with prolonged exposure and weathered NPD are endeavored to increase environmental realism of the impacts determined.
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| 60. |
- Abdul Khaliq, Ali, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Point-to-point safe navigation of a mobile robot using stigmergy and RFID technology
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781509037629 ; , s. 1497-1504
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reliable autonomous navigation is still a challenging problem for robots with simple and inexpensive hardware. A key difficulty is the need to maintain an internal map of the environment and an accurate estimate of the robot’s position in this map. Recently, a stigmergic approach has been proposed in which a navigation map is stored into the environment, on a grid of RFID tags, and robots use it to optimally reach predefined goal points without the need for internal maps. While effective,this approach is limited to a predefined set of goal points. In this paper, we extend this approach to enable robots to travel to any point on the RFID floor, even if it was not previously identified as a goal location, as well as to keep a safe distance from any given critical location. Our approach produces safe, repeatable and quasi-optimal trajectories without the use of internal maps, self localization, or path planning. We report experiments run in a real apartment equipped with an RFID floor, in which a service robot either reaches or avoids a user who wears slippers equipped with an RFID tag reader.
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