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  • Resultat 906551-906560 av 1637197
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906551.
  • Liu, Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Expression of trans-membrane serine protease 3 (TMPRSS3) in the human organ of Corti
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Cell and Tissue Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0302-766X .- 1432-0878. ; 372:3, s. 445-456
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • TMPRSS3 (Trans-membrane Serine Protease 3) is a type II trans-membrane serine protease that has proteolytic activity essential for hearing. Mutations in the gene cause non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (DFNB8/10) in humans. Knowledge about its cellular distribution in the human inner ear may increase our understanding of its physiological role and involvement in deafness, ultimately leading to therapeutic interventions. In this study, we used super-resolution structured illumination microscopy for the first time together with transmission electron microscopy to localize the TMPRSS3 protein in the human organ of Corti. Archival human cochleae were dissected out during petroclival meningioma surgery. Microscopy with Zeiss LSM710 microscope achieved a lateral resolution of approximately 80 nm. TMPRSS3 was found to be associated with actin in both inner and outer hair cells. TMPRSS3 was located in cell surface-associated cytoskeletal bodies (surfoskelosomes) in inner and outer pillar cells and Deiters cells and in subcuticular organelles in outer hair cells. Our results suggest that TMPRSS3 proteolysis is linked to hair cell sterociliary mechanics and to the actin/microtubule networks that support cell motility and integrity.
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906552.
  • Liu, Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Expression of TrkB and BDNF in human cochlea : an immunohistochemical study
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Cell and Tissue Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0302-766X .- 1432-0878. ; 345:2, s. 213-221
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Surgical human cochlear specimens were obtained during the removal of large posterior cranial fossa meningioma by a transcochlear approach in which the cochlea was removed for maximal exposure of the tumor and protection of important structures, such as the brainstem, cranial nerves, and pivotal blood vessels. The cochlear tissue was fixed and cryo-sectioned for tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunohistochemistry. TrkB receptor protein was expressed in both neuronal somata and the processes of human spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). In the human organ of Corti, TrkB immunoreactivity was mainly present in nerve fibers underneath outer hair cells. BDNF expression was found neither in the organ of Corti nor in the spiral ganglion of human cochlea. For antibody specificity and for control and comparative purposes, TrkB immunocytochemistry was performed in primary cultures of cochlear neuron/glia from adult guinea pig. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that TrkB was homogeneously distributed in the cytoplasm of both neuronal somata and axons. Knowledge of the expression of TrkB receptor in human cochlea should help to determine the target structures for neuron preservation in hearing-impaired patients. Our results indicate that the regeneration of SGNs under pathological conditions can be enhanced with BDNF/TrkB-based pharmaceutical or genetic strategies.
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906553.
  • Liu, Weisheng, et al. (författare)
  • Fiber Bragg Grating Based Wireless Sensor Module With Modulated Radio-Frequency Signal
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters. - 1531-1309 .- 1558-1764. ; 20:6, s. 358-360
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing scheme based on the measurement of radio-frequency (RF) signal is presented for wireless sensing applications. A fiber ring combined with multiple sensing FBGs is proposed to form a microwave photonic notch filter based sensor module. With an additional FBG as a tunable reference element, the modulated RF signal in the sensor module is utilized to interrogate the wavelength shift of sensing FBGs. Preliminary experiments of the FBG sensor module on the strain measurement are demonstrated and show the effectiveness and flexibility of the sensing scheme.
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906554.
  • Liu, Wen, et al. (författare)
  • Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based nanoparticles composed of AIE luminogens and NIR dyes with enhanced three-photon near-infrared emission for in vivo brain angiography
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 10:21, s. 10025-10032
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is very important for high-contrast biological imaging of high-scattering tissues such as brain tissue. Unfortunately, commercial NIR dyes are excited usually by visible light, and their multi-photon absorption (MPA) cross-sections are small. Here, we design new co-encapsulated NIR nanoparticles (NPs) with a large three-photon (3PA) absorption cross-section. A form of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen (AIEgen), 2,3-bis(4-(diphenylamino)-[1,1-biphenyl]-4-yl) fumaronitrile (TPATCN), is introduced as the donor, and a form of NIR dye, silicon 2,3-naphthalocyanine bis-(trihexylsilyloxide) (NIR775), is adopted as the acceptor. Under the excitation of a 1550 nm fs laser, TPATCN-NIR775 NPs demonstrated a bright three-photon fluorescence centered at 785 nm. The energy transfer efficiency of the TPATCN-NIR775 NPs was calculated to be as high as 90%, which could be attributed to the good spectral overlap between the emission of TPATCN and the absorption of NIR775. By injection with TPATCN-NIR775 NPs, a vivid 3D reconstruction of mouse brain vasculature was obtained with even small blood vessels clearly visualized. The design strategy used for the co-encapsulated AIE-NIR NPs would be helpful in synthesizing more NIR probes for deep-tissue biological imaging in the future.
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906555.
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906556.
  • Liu, Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Geometric and electronic structure of the diphenylamine radical cation : An EPR, ENDOR and MO study
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Structure. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2860 .- 1872-8014. ; 733:1-3, s. 13-17
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The geometric and electronic structure of the diphenylamine radical cation Ph2(H)N+ obtained by X-irradiation of diphenylamine in CFCl3 at low temperature have been studied by the methods of EPR and ENDOR combined with theoretical calculations. The 110 K ENDOR spectrum of Ph2(H)N+ is mainly attributed to the ortho and meta phenyl ring protons. The accurate assignment of spectroscopic parameters is based on spectral simulations and theoretical calculations. Close agreement was obtained between the experimental and calculated hyperfine tensors of ortho and meta protons. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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906557.
  • Liu, Wei, et al. (författare)
  • GJB2 and GJB6 gene transcripts in the human cochlea : A study using RNAscope, confocal, and super-resolution structured illumination microscopy
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1662-5099. ; 15
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Gap junction (GJ) proteins, connexin26 and 30, are highly prevalent in the human cochlea (HC), where they are involved in transcellular signaling, metabolic supply, and fluid homeostasis. Their genes, GJB2 and GJB6, are both located at the DFNB1 locus on chromosome 13q12. Mutations in GJB2 may cause mild to profound non-syndromic deafness. Here, we analyzed for the first time the various expressions of GJB2 and GJB6 gene transcripts in the different cell networks in the HC using the RNAscope technique.Materials and methods: Archival paraformaldehyde-fixed sections of surgically obtained HC were used to label single mRNA oligonucleotides using the sensitive multiplex RNAscope (R) technique with fluorescent-tagged probes. Positive and negative controls also included the localization of ATP1A1, ATP1A2, and KCNJ10 gene transcripts in order to validate the specificity of labeling.Results: Confocal and super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) detected single gene transcripts as brightly stained puncta. The GJB2 and GJB6 gene transcripts were distributed in the epithelial and connective tissue systems in all three cochlear turns. The largest number of GJB2 and GJB6 gene transcripts was in the outer sulcus, spiral ligament, and stria vascularis (SV). Oligonucleotides were present in the supporting cells of the organ of Corti (OC), spiral limbus fibrocytes, and the floor of the scala vestibuli. Multiplex gene data suggest that cells in the cochlear lateral wall contain either GJB2 or GJB6 gene transcripts or both. The GJB6, but not GJB2, gene transcripts were found in the intermediate cells but none were found in the marginal cells. There were no GJB2 or GJB6 gene transcripts found in the hair cells and only a few in the spiral ganglion cells.Conclusion: Both GJB2 and GJB6 mRNA gene transcripts were localized in cells in the adult HC using RNAscope (R) in situ hybridization (ISH) and high resolution microscopy. Generally, GJB6 dominated over GJB2, except in the basal cells. Results suggest that cells may contain either GJB2 or GJB6 gene transcripts or both. This may be consistent with specialized GJ plaques having separate channel permeability and gating properties. A reduction in the number of GJB2 gene transcripts was found in the basal turn. Such information may be useful for future gene therapy.
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906558.
  • Liu, Wei, et al. (författare)
  • High frequency measurements and simulations of SiC MESFETs up to 250 degrees C
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Materials Science Forum. - ZURICH-UETIKON : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. - 0255-5476 .- 1662-9752. ; 457-460, s. 1209-1212
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • 4H-SiC metal-semiconductor field effect transistors (MESFETs) [1] were characterized at 25, 100, 150, 200, and 250 degreesC and two-dimensional electro-thermal simulations [2] were performed to examine the effects of elevated device operating temperature and self-heating on DC and RF performance of the MESFETs. The gate and drain characteristics (I-d-V-g & I-d-V-d) were measured at room and elevated temperatures. The threshold voltage decreased with temperature and drain voltage. The shift of the threshold voltage was more prominent at low temperatures (2 V from 25 to 100 degreesC) than at high temperatures (negligible shift above 150 degreesC). No short channel effects could be seen in drain characteristics due to the self-heating effects. The measured drain saturation current decreases with increase temperature. At lower gate and drain voltages the measured drain current at room temperature is smaller than the drain current at elevated temperatures. The threshold voltage shift and the lower drain current at room temperature are believed to be caused by the substrate traps, which induce extra charges at the channel-buffer interface acting as a backside gate. The current gain and power gain were measured as a function of frequency. Decrease of f(T) and f(max) with increase of temperature was observed for both measurements and simulations. Higher fT and f(max) were obtained from simulations than from the measurements. Traps and parasitics are believed to be the cause for the differences. A strong influence of contact resistance was seen on f(T) and f(max) in the HF simulations.
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906559.
  • Liu, Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Household renovation before and during pregnancy in relation to preterm birth and low birthweight in China
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Indoor Air. - : WILEY. - 0905-6947 .- 1600-0668. ; 29:2, s. 202-214
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • From October 2010 to April 2012, we conducted a cross-sectional study of associations between household environments and childhood health among preschool children in eight Chinese cities. Here, we analyze associations of early household renovation with preterm birth (PTB), low birthweight (LBW), term low birthweight (Term-LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA). Parents responded to questions about household renovation and their children's gestational age and birthweight. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, household renovation in the year before pregnancy was significantly associated with LBW (sample size: N = 25 813; adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.23, 1.01-1.50) and Term-LBW (N = 24 823; 1.29, 1.01-1.67). Household renovation during pregnancy was significantly associated with PTB (N = 25 202; 1.28, 1.01-1.69). These significant associations were also found in the two-level (city-child) logistic regression analyses and in the sensitivity analyses among 21 009 children with complete data in all studied variates. Stronger associations were found in certain subgroups. Our findings indicate that household renovation within one year before pregnancy might be a risk factor for LBW and Term-LBW, while household renovation during pregnancy could be a risk factor for PTB.
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906560.
  • Liu, Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Human cochlear microanatomy - an electron microscopy and super-resolution structured illumination study and review
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: HEARING BALANCE AND COMMUNICATION. - : ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 2169-5717 .- 2169-5725. ; 18:4, s. 256-269
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: Studies of the human cochlea are particularly challenging due its exceptional vulnerability and surrounding hard bone. Swift fixation and mild decalcification are necessary to maintain its structural integrity and preserve antigenicity. Such procedures may allow immunohistochemistry, gene analyses, and molecular imaging using super resolution illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) with nanometer resolution. Design: This presentation updates recent studies of the human cochlear microanatomy and immunohistochemistry by our laboratory, discussed in the context of current and past anatomic findings and the available literature. Results: Human studies are necessary, and there are intriguing discrepancies compared with experimental animal studies, highlighting that "men are not simply big mice." The results may improve our understanding of the function of the human hearing organ, the diseases related to it, and how this better understanding can be extended to impact future treatment. Conclusion: The first human inner ear gene therapy trials are in progress, and the accessibility of human cochlear tissue for future stem cell treatment and gene transfer needs further elucidation.
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