| 21. |
- Eriksson, Louise, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive capacity in the multi-level management system of migratory waterbirds : a case study of participatory goose management in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Routledge. - 0964-0568 .- 1360-0559.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive management (AM) is one approach to manage migratory waterbirds, but obstacles to the implementation of AM require adaptive capacities in the management system (rules, institutions, action situations). This study aims to examine the adaptive capacity of participatory goose management in Sweden. Considering the biophysical and institutional context, we analyzed how tangible, individual, and governance assets were associated with technical and social learning. Interviews with informants in the national council for geese, swans, and cranes, and local management groups (LMGs) were conducted, and documentation reviewed. Results revealed evidence of a local preparedness in areas with an LMG. Nevertheless, the study highlighted a need to formalize the evolving system, to consider a more systematic implementation of AM (including regulations allowing for adaptive responses), and to ensure stakeholder acceptance for management tools and visions. The study illustrates the need for a broad set of assets to ensure learning in participatory management.
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| 22. |
- Eriksson, Louise, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Are birdwatchers willing to participate in local goose management? : A case study from Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Wildlife Research. - : Springer. - 1612-4642 .- 1439-0574. ; 69:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stakeholder involvement in wildlife management is important and requires knowledge about factors motivating such participation. With several goose populations increasing in Europe and goose management incorporating multiple objectives, involvement of stakeholder groups with diverse interests is needed. In this study, we examined how evaluations of geese (attitude and acceptance capacity), but also experiences of birdwatching and birdwatcher identity, were associated with willingness to participate in local goose management. A survey among members of Sweden's largest birdwatching organization was conducted (n = 5010). The majority of respondents, 64%, displayed a divided evaluation of geese, most frequently in terms of an overall positive attitude towards geese but a low acceptance for current goose population levels (i.e. acceptance capacity). Birdwatchers' willingness to participate in goose management was generally low. Whereas they were more willing to take part in goose counts (i.e. monitoring) than to participate in local goose management groups, they were least willing to contribute to mitigating crop damage through scaring geese. Results further revealed that birdwatchers with a divided evaluation of geese and an entirely positive evaluation displayed the highest willingness to participate in goose management. However, a stronger distinct birdwatcher identity as a result of more birdwatching experiences was even more strongly associated with higher willingness to take part in goose management. The results highlight a need to intensify efforts to engage stakeholder groups with an interest in conservation issues in the participatory goose management system in Europe.
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| 23. |
- Eriksson, Louise, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of structural, situational, and psychological factors for involving hunters in the adaptive flyway management of geese
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive flyway management of superabundant geese is emerging as a strategy to reduce damage to agricultural crops and other ecosystem disservices, while also ensuring sustainable use and conservation objectives. Given the calls for intensified hunting as part of flyway management in Europe, we need to increase the understanding of structural, situational, and psychological factors important for goose hunting among hunters. Our survey data, retrieved in southern Sweden, showed a higher potential to intensify hunting among goose hunters than other hunters. In response to hypothetical policy instruments (including regulations, collaborative, and others), hunters declared a minor increase in their intention to hunt geese, with the greatest expected increase among goose hunters should the hunting season be extended. Situational factors (e.g., access to hunting grounds) were associated with goose hunting (frequency, bag size, and intention to increase hunting). In addition, controlled motivation (derived from external pressures or to avoid guilt) and more importantly autonomous motivation (due to hunting being enjoyable or valuable) were along with goose hunter identity positively associated with goose hunting. Hunters’ involvement in flyway management may be encouraged by using policy instruments to remove situational barriers and facilitate their autonomous motivation.
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| 24. |
- Eriksson, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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The public and geese : a conflict on the rise?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Human Dimensions of Wildlife. - : Routledge. - 1087-1209 .- 1533-158X. ; 25:5, s. 421-437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wild geese are increasing in agricultural and urban settings across Europe, leading to widespread human – geese interactions. This study examined how the public’s acceptance of geese (attitude and acceptance capacity) varied depending on place dimensions, interactions with geese in different settings (place-based experience), and psychological factors, including wildlife value orientations, beliefs about the ecosystem services and disservices geese provide, and emotions. A survey was conducted in two municipalities with large goose populations in Sweden; Kristianstad and Örebro (n = 898). Results revealed a favorable view of the occurrence of geese, although a substantial share believed the number of geese was too high. Place-based experiences of geese were correlated with acceptance (e.g., more experience on beaches was associated with a negative attitude) and the importance of psychological factors for acceptance was confirmed. The study highlights the need to consider the public’s experiences of geese for sustainable goose management.
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| 25. |
- Pettersson, Cecilia, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling social participation for older people : The content of reablement by age, gender, and level of functioning in occupational therapists' interventions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 29:6, s. 522-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Social participation and the ability to build and maintain social relationships is emphasized as important for older people's health and well-being.AIM: To explore if social participation is addressed and whether age, gender and level of functioning are associated with the composition of occupational therapy interventions within the context of reablement.METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, invitations to participate were sent to 60 municipalities in Sweden. 318 occupational therapists participated and described the character of initiated interventions made during 3 weeks through web-based surveys.RESULT: 1392 cases were reported in the age span of 19-103 years, 61.7% were women. A higher proportion of persons having no home care and minor functional dependency got interventions with a focus on social participation to a higher extent than persons with major functional dependency. Occupational therapists' interventions vary as related to functional limitation, age, and gender.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the severity of functional limitation impacts the focus of the intervention whereas age and gender do not. There is a need for social participation to be more clearly addressed within the context of reablement.SIGNIFICANCE: To develop a person-centred intervention, one needs to consider aspects of age, gender, and functions.
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| 26. |
- Damber, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Litteraturläsning i förskolan
- 2013
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tidiga textmöten hjälper barn att utveckla strategier i sin senare läsning och ger dem en inre motivation att söka läsupplevelser och kunskap om omvärlden. Den tidiga läsningen sätter på så vis spår i den fortsatta litteratur- och språkutvecklingen, men också i kunskapsutvecklingen i stort. Men hur arbetar förskolepersonal med uppdraget att grundmura nyfikenhet och lust till läsning? Och hur kan litteraturläsningens potential som kunskapskälla tas tillvara? I bokens första del undersöker författarna vilka förutsättningar barnen ges vid ett antal förskolor i Sverige att utveckla kunskap med litteraturens hjälp. I den andra delen resonerar de kring tematiskt arbete i förskolan och vilken funktion läsning av skönlitteratur kan ha i sådana sammanhang. Men de ger även konkreta planeringsförslag på teman – teman om familjekonstellationer och om natur, djur och miljö – där ett uttalat syfte med litteraturläsningen är just att stödja barnens kunskapsutveckling. Litteraturläsning i förskolan vänder sig främst till blivande och yrkesverksamma förskollärare. Den erbjuder också värdefull läsning för bibliotekarier som samarbetar med förskolan.
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| 27. |
- Dessborn, Lisa, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Innate responses of mallard ducklings towards aerial, aquatic and terrestrial predators
- 2012
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Ingår i: Behaviour. - Leiden, Netherlands : Brill Academic Publishers. - 0005-7959 .- 1568-539X. ; 149:13-14, s. 1299-1317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reproductive success in ducks is strongly influenced by predation on the breeding grounds. Ducklings are targeted by a range of terrestrial, aerial and aquatic predators, giving a strong selective advantage to individuals and broods that have effective ways to avoid predation. In experiments on naive mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducklings without an accompanying adult female we investigated the innate ability to identify and avoid threats at varying intensity from aerial, aquatic and terrestrial predators. Ducklings displayed increased vigilance in response to pre-recorded calls of predatory birds, representing a low level of threat. They did not react to visual and olfactory stimuli generated by motionless northern pike (Esox lucius). Neither did they show a strong response to caged American mink (Neovison vison) (visual and olfactory stimuli), although they avoided the area with the mink, indicating a certain level of recognition. High intensity threats were simulated by staging attacks from aerial (goshawk, Accipiter gentilis) and aquatic predators (northern pike). The aerial attack made ducklings dive and scatter under water, whereas the response to attack by pike was to run on the water and scatter in different directions. The lack of response to a ‘passive’ pike and the rather weak avoidance of mink indicate that olfactory cues are not as important in identifying a potential predatory threat by ducklings as are auditory cues. Visual cues appear to be of little importance unless they are combined with movement, and a clear response is only triggered when the intensity of predator threat is high. Mallard ducklings, thus, show an innate capacity to adjust anti-predator behaviour to different predator types and to threat intensity. Our study highlights the general trade-off between foraging needs and predator avoidance, but also second-order trade-offs in which innate avoidance behaviour towards one type of predator may increase predation risk from another.
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| 28. |
- Dessborn, Lisa, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Pike predation affects breeding success and habitat selection of ducks
- 2011
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Ingår i: Freshwater Biology. - : Wiley: 12 months. - 0046-5070 .- 1365-2427. ; 56:3, s. 579-589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Fish and ducks often belong to the same local food web, and several studies indicate that there is a general negative effect of fish on breeding ducks. This pattern has so far been addressed mainly within the framework of competition for common invertebrate prey, while predation by large fish as a force behind settlement and abundance patterns in ducks remains largely unknown. This is the first study to address the effect of fish predation on breeding ducks, isolated from that of competition, and the first experiment to explore the ability of ducks to identify and avoid lakes with high risk of fish predation. 2. We used a before-after control-impact design and 11 naturally fishless lakes. Waterfowl on the lakes were surveyed during the breeding season of 2005. Large adult pike (Esox lucius) were added to two lakes in early spring 2008, and waterfowl surveys were repeated on all 11 lakes. 3. Pike introduction did not affect the number of pairs on lakes during the nesting season in any of three focal duck species (mallard Anas platyrhynchos, teal Anas crecca, and goldeneye Bucephala clangula). During the brood-rearing season, however, there was a decrease in duck days in teal and goldeneye in lakes with pike, with similar trends observed in mallard. The number of goldeneye ducklings was also significantly lower in lakes with pike. We were unable to determine whether the response was attributable to direct pike predation or to broods leaving experimental lakes, but in either case, our study demonstrates high fitness costs for ducks breeding on lakes with pike. 4. The apparent inability of nesting ducks to detect pike and the clear fitness implications may influence the annual recruitment of ducks on a larger scale as pike are both common and widespread. Vegetation complexity and food abundance are likely to be of overriding importance when breeding ducks are choosing a nesting site. As pike have a strong influence on breeding birds, relying on vegetation and cues of food abundance, while ignoring indicators of predation risk from fish, could lead to lakes with pike acting as an ecological trap.
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| 29. |
- Elmberg, Johan, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Presence of fish affects lake use and breeding success in ducks
- 2010
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Ingår i: Hydrobiologia. - : Springer. - 0018-8158 .- 1573-5117. ; 641:1, s. 215-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several previous studies indicate that presence of fish has negative effects on waterbirds breeding on lakes, owing either to competition for common invertebrate prey or fish predation on ducklings/chicks. However, others have reported results to the contrary and it remains unresolved what factors trigger, inhibit, and modulate fish-waterbird interactions. The present study was designed to test the effect of fish presence per se, with a minimum of variation in possibly confounding environmental variables. Thus, after stratifying for area, depth, altitude, pH, and total phosphorus we compared 13 lakes with and 12 without fish (mainly pike Esox lucius and perch Perca fluviatilis) with respect to (i) general species richness of waterbirds, (ii) species-specific utilization and breeding success of two dabbling ducks (mallard Anas platyrhynchos and teal Anas crecca) and a diving duck (goldeneye Bucephala clangula). General species richness of waterbirds was higher on fishless lakes. Overall use (bird days) and brood number of teal and goldeneye were higher on fishless lakes. The latter also had more benthic and free-swimming prey invertebrates compared to lakes with fish. Mallard use, mallard brood number, and abundance of emerging insects did not differ between lake groups. Generalized linear models including fish presence as factor and considering seven environmental variables as covariates, confirmed that all waterbird variables except mallard days and broods were negatively correlated to fish presence. There was also a residual positive relationship of lake area on general species richness, teal days, and teal broods. Our data demonstrate a stronger effect of fish presence on diving ducks and small surface feeding ducks than on large surface-feeding ducks. We argue that observed patterns were caused by fish predation on ducks rather than by fish-duck competition for common prey.
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| 30. |
- Eriksson, Louise, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Individuals and Multilevel Management : A Study of the Perceived Adaptive Capacity of the Goose Management System among Farmers in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Society and Natural Resources. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0894-1920 .- 1521-0723. ; 35:1, s. 1-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Agricultural damage by geese is a growing problem in Europe and farmers play a key role in the emerging multilevel adaptive management system. This study explored how characteristics associated with the farmer and the farm, along with experience of damage, cognitive appraisals, emotions, and management beliefs were associated with the perceived adaptive capacity of the goose management system among farmers in the south of Sweden (n = 1,067). Survey results revealed that owning a larger farm, a farm closer to water or formally protected areas, along with cultivating cereal and root crops, were associated with geese evoking stronger negative emotions. Further, more previous experience of damage was related to stronger negative emotions and lower levels of perceived adaptive capacity. However, even more important determinants of perceived adaptive capacity were cognitive appraisals, emotions, and management beliefs. Bridging the ties between individual farmers and the system is important for improved multilevel management.
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