| 21. |
- Arman, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Living with breast cancer : a challenge to expansive and creative forces
- 2002
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Care. - OXFORD : BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; , s. 290-296
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this qualitative case study is to obtain a deeper and more profound understanding of the life world of women living with breast cancer focusing particularly on changes in life perspective. The study is based on a series of interviews carried out within the space of one year and involving four women with breast cancer; each woman was interviewed four times. The participants were between 42 and 54 years of age; three of the four interviewed were in an advanced stage, with metastasis or recurrent breast cancer. There was an increased awareness of the relationship between life and death, which constituted a disclosure rather than an actual change in life perspective. The four women were 'opening up' to the beauty and the essentials in life and experienced an increased desire to live their life in accordance with their own values. Their revitalised view of life increased their desire for authenticity. When it proved impossible to live in accordance with new insights the women were particularly frustrated. From a caring perspective our findings suggest that an awareness of patients' increased openness to their own needs and desires is an important resource in the healing and rehabilitative process of breast cancer patients. The paradoxes and the struggles involved disguise a hidden potential for health.
|
|
| 22. |
- Arman, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
The face of suffering among women with breast cancer : Being in a field of forces
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Cancer Nursing. - : Lippincott Williams & Williams. - 0162-220X .- 1538-9804. ; 25:2, s. 96-103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through qualitative interviews, the suffering experiences of women with breast cancer and their significant others were disclosed. Seventeen women with different stages of breast cancer and 16 significant others from 4 different care cultures in Sweden and Finland participated. Five of the women had advanced metastatic breast cancer, and 12 had a localized disease. Mean age was 48 years. As a methodology, a team approach, inspired by the Vancouver School of Doing Phenomenology, was used. The findings elucidate how the suffering experience touched the women's inner existence and values. This can metaphorically be described as a "field of force" and affected everything in the women's lives, including their views of themselves and their relationships. Existential questions were raised about life and death and the meaning of life. In their suffering, the women's dependency upon significant others, as well as healthcare personnel, was prominent. Suffering related to healthcare was a strong theme. Different faces of suffering related to breast cancer may still be unknown by healthcare professionals working in cancer care.
|
|
| 23. |
- Arman, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
The hidden suffering among breast cancer patients : A qualitative metasynthesis
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Qualitative Health Research. - THOUSAND OAKS : SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. - 1049-7323 .- 1552-7557. ; , s. 510-527
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to review literature on how the lived experience of breast cancer and suffering was described in nursing/caring literature between 1990 and 2000, and to interpret and discuss the result from the perspective of suffering. The frequent reports of changing courses, called by various names, such as transition, transformation, transcendence, and finding meaning, werefound as paths whereby the person regained integrity, balance, and wholeness. When findings were interpreted from the perspective of suffering and an ontological health model, actions, values, and existential concerns were understood as both expedients for alleviating suffering and a sign of the patient's inner struggle.
|
|
| 24. |
- Aspvall, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Approximations for the general block distribution of a matrix
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Theoretical Computer Science. - AMSTERDAM : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0304-3975 .- 1879-2294. ; 262:1-2, s. 145-160
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The general block distribution of a matrix is a rectilinear partition of the matrix into orthogonal blocks such that the maximum sum of the elements within a single block is minimized. This corresponds to partitioning the matrix onto parallel processors so as to minimize processor load while maintaining regular communication patterns. Applications of the problem include various parallel sparse matrix computations, compilers for high-performance languages, particle in cell computations, video and image compression, and simulations associated with a communication network. We analyze the performance guarantee of a natural and practical heuristic based on iterative refinement, which has previously been shown to give good empirical results. When p2 is the number of blocks, we show that the tight performance ratio is Theta(rootp). When the matrix has rows of large cost, the details of the objective function of the algorithm are shown to be important, since a naive implementation can lead to a Ohm (p) performance ratio. Extensions to more general cost functions, higher-dimensional arrays, and randomized initial configurations are also considered. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
- Aurum, A, et al.
(författare)
-
State-of-the-art: software inspections after 25 years
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Software Testing, Verification & Reliability. - : Wiley. - 0960-0833 .- 1099-1689. ; 12:3, s. 133-154
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software inspections, which were originally developed by Michael Fagan in 1976, are an important means to verify and achieve sufficient quality in many software projects today. Since Fagan's initial work, the importance of software inspections has been long recognized by software developers and many organizations. Various proposals have been made by researchers in the hope of improving Fagan's inspection method. The proposals include structural changes to the process and several types of support for the inspection process. Most of the proposals have been empirically investigated in different studies. This is a review paper focusing on the software inspection process in the light of Fagan's inspection method and it summarizes and reviews other types of software inspection processes that have emerged in the last 25 years. This paper also addresses important issues related to the inspection process and examines experimental studies and their findings that are of interest with the purpose of identifying future avenues of research in software inspection.
|
|
| 27. |
- Aurum, Aybüke, et al.
(författare)
-
The Fundamental Nature of Requirements Engineering Activities as a Decision-Making Process
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Information and Software Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0950-5849 .- 1873-6025. ; 45:14, s. 945-954
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The requirements engineering (RE) process is a decision-rich complex problem solving activity. This paper examines the elements of organization-oriented macro decisions as well as process-oriented micro decisions in the RE process and illustrates how to integrate classical decision-making models with RE process models. This integration helps in formulating a common vocabulary and model to improve the manageability of the RE process, and contributes towards the learning process by validating and verifying the consistency of decision-making in RE activities.
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Bai, Guohua
(författare)
-
A Sustainable Information System for e-home Services
- 2004
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- E-home related home-services (including homecare and home healthcare) in China is urgently needed. The population of aged people over 80 is increasing 5% every year in China, and to year 2050, one fourth of whole population or 0.4 billions people in China are aged staying at home. Meanwhile the government cannot afford with a national elderly care system like most western countries as Sweden. This is because China has had one-child/one-family policy since 1970’s, and this radical policy has made China step in aged society very quickly within only 20 years, while the same process took 40-80 years in western countries. Even worse, China becomes aged society when the country is still poor and under developing with GDP per capita less than 1000$, comparing to western countries with 5000 – 10000 $ when they became aged society. E-home provides China with a unique, and maybe the most effective solution to the problem. By applying effective IT&C at home, elder people are facilitated to manage their own daily life. If needed, they can always call help from their collective service centre that is located in their resident area and the collective service centre can provide with both homecare (cleaning, shopping, reparation, baby care etc.) and home healthcare (legitimate medical care). Elder people can be also monitored (if wished by all partners) both at home and out door by bearing sensors that can send singles directly to related care providers (including their children and relatives if wished). E-home will greatly increase the security of elder people, release great worry from both their children and elder people themselves, and can be afford by most people. However, e-home is more than just a technical problem, and it needs a systemic way and social-psychological study how to design e-home system. In the end, e-home system must provide with needed services to residents. I will introduce IMIS project ´Integrated Mobile Information System for Home Healthcare’ financed by Swedish Agency for Innovative Systems (VINNOVA). This project will continue to 2006, and one of the outputs will be a sustainable software platform which is based on a systemic study of social psychological factors involved in the home healthcare. I will provide with some Swedish experiences and the so called ‘Scandinavia Approach’ in conducting such complex system to my colleagues in China, and I hope the IMIS project will be also developed in China based up on some feasibility and desirability studies with some Chinese colleagues.
|
|
| 30. |
- Bai, Guohua
(författare)
-
A Sustainable Platform for E-services System Design
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering. - Beijing : Springer Science + business Media. - 1004-3756 .- 1861-9576. ; 13:No.4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By integrating system thinking and social psychology, this paper presents an Activity System Theory (AST) approach to the platform design of e-service systems in general, and e-healthcare systems in specific. In the first part, some important principles of AST and a sustainable model of human activity system are introduced. Then a project ‘Integrated Mobile Information System for Healthcare (IMIS)’ is presented to demonstrate how to construct a comprehensive platform for various complex e-service systems based on the sustainable model of AST. Our research focused on the complex e-healthcare system in Sweden, and the results showed that the model of AST can provide the designers of e-service system with a comprehensive and sustainable platform for designing various kinds of e-service system
|
|
