| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Wilde-Larsson, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
-
Begreppet vårdkvalitet
- 1994
-
Ingår i: I G. Udén (Red.), Kvalitets-säkring inom omvårdnad: Olika perspektiv (sid 37-46). - Lund : Studentlitteratur. ; , s. 37-46
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 6. |
- Andersson, Kent, et al.
(författare)
-
High stability titanium nitride based solar control films
- 1992
-
Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 214:2, s. 213-218
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Triple-layer structures of TiO2TiN/TiO2 and quadruple layer structures of TiO2Al/TiN/TiO2 have been sputtered on glass substrates at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 300°C. The reflectance and transmittance were measured in the visible and the near-IR wavelength regions. The thin layer of aluminium, in the quadruple layer, oxidizes and forms a dense diffusion barrier. The multilayers exhibit improved optical selectivity which also improves with substrate temperature up to 300°C.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andersson, Kent, et al.
(författare)
-
Zirconium nitride based transparent heat mirror coatings : preparation and characterisation
- 1994
-
Ingår i: Solar Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-092X .- 1471-1257. ; 32:2, s. 199-212
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transparent heat mirror coatings based on thin zirconium nitride films have been prepared using reactive magnetron sputtering. The zirconium nitride films have been sandwiched between layers of zirconium oxide. It is shown that the multilayer configuration ZrO2/ZrN/ZrO2 can be used as solar control coatings on window glazings. A visible transmittance of around 60% and a thermal emittance lower than 0.2 can be obtained, and the ratio between visible transmittance and total solar transmittance can be as high as 1.7. The influence of substrate temperature on the optical quality of the films is evaluated and it is shown that the crystal structure of the first oxide layer is of importance for the optical quality of the nitride. The influence of preparation conditions and accelerated ageing has been modelled using the optical constants of thin films prepared under identical conditions as the films in the multilayer coatings.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Hall-Lord, M-L., et al.
(författare)
-
Elderly patients' experiences of pain and distress in intensive care : A grounded theory study
- 1994
-
Ingår i: Intensive & Critical Care Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-3397 .- 1532-4036. ; 10:2, s. 133-141
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to develop a theoretical understanding of elderly patients' experiences of pain and distress in intensive care, using a grounded theory approach. 18 patients, 7 women and 11 men, were interviewed and observed in an intensive care unit (ICU). Their average age was 76.5, varying from 70–85. A model was generated from data, according to which elderly patients' experiences of pain and distress in intensive care can be described as four interrelated aspects: a sensory, an intellectual, an emotional, and an existential dimension. 16 categories form the four dimensions. The categories, in turn, are grounded in a number of interview and observational data. The sensory dimension is formed by the categories physical pain, physical discomfort, fatigue, and breathing problems, and the intellectual dimension by the categories not knowing, difficulty in expressing oneself/not being understood and confused perception of reality. The categories in the emotional dimension are worry, fear, resignation, bitterness, anger/irritation and dependency. Finally, the existential dimension is formed by the categories despair, threat to life and death acceptance. The categories within the four dimensions may be separate, but often they interact and influence each other in various ways. The model is discussed in relation to existing models and definitions of pain, where the intellectual and existential dimensions in particular have not been emphasized in a similar way.
|
|
