| 81. |
- Lundberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
The development of a military hybrid simulation model for the training of haemorrhage control in proximal extremity bleedings
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background Exsanguination from extremity wounds is a major cause of potentially preventable deaths in the military environment. With the widespread use of different techniques to control this type of bleeding, such as tourniquets and haemostatic agents, it has now become possible to dramatically improve the survival rate for these casualties. Objective Varying techniques for pre-deployment training of haemorrhage control have been tested and used by the Swedish Armed Forces, for example different types of patient simulators. The recently developed military trauma patient simulators have for example become a major improvement for the training of standard tourniquet application. However, very proximal ‘junctional’ bleedings located in for example axillae and groins still represent a special training problem, since tourniquets cannot be used on these locations. Methods Based upon an idea presented by Moorhouse et al.*, we have developed a hybrid training model, consisting of a modified Laerdal® SimMan® 2G manikin, with a slab of meat with artificial ‘vessels’ running through the base of a series of wounds. Artificial blood under pressure is used to produce a bleeding effect. Results This hybrid model has been used for two years in the training of medics and combat life savers. It represents a realistic bleeding model, which can be used over and over again. Also, the cost for training is low compared to other alternatives. Conclusions Existing patient simulators are not suitable for training of haemorrhage control on proximal extremity locations. Live tissue training on anaesthetized animals is not a first alternative for this kind of training. We consider the proposed hybrid simulation model as the best training method so far.
|
|
| 82. |
- Lundblad, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Preliminary Results of Studying Bone Growth Using NaF-18 in Patients with aTaylor Spatial Frame (TSF)
- 2013
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We were able to see the difference in bone activity ofdifferent parts of the leg over the course of a patient’s therapy. In one patient, we detected at 52 days that the fibula had an SUVmax of 66 while the tibia had an SUVmax of 14, indicating that the fibula was healing much faster than the tibia. The surgeon had to intervene, re-breaking and distracting the fibula. At 94days after the initial surgery, both bones had a more comparable activity (with an SUVmax of 37 and 24 respectively). This study has lead to the use of PET/CT imaging to assess the early clinical state of the bone remodelling process.
|
|
| 83. |
- Lundström, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
Some considerations about the development and implementation process of a new agricultural decision support system for site-specific fertilization
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Precision agriculture ’15. - Wageningen : Wageningen Academic Publishers. - 9789086862672 - 9789086868148 ; , s. 437-444
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Precision agriculture provides important routes toward a more sustainable agriculture. Many farmers have the necessary technology to operate site-specifically, but they do not use it in practice, and available IT systems are not used to their full potential. This paper discusses how to reduce the so-called ‘implementation problem’ in order to improve the ongoing development process of a webbased fertilization project in Sweden. The intention of the project is to apply a participatory design approach, and some pitfalls on starting to use this approach in the development and implementation process are identified as well as some suggestions on how to reduce them.
|
|
| 84. |
- Lundström, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
Sustainability as a governing principle in the use of agricultural decision support systems : The case of CropSAT
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Social and Technological Transformationof Farming Systems. - Harper Adams University, UK : IFSA consortium. ; , s. 1648-1660, s. 93-94
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Precision agriculture (PA) is an important part of sustainable intensification, where information and communications technology (ICT) and other technologies are necessary but not sufficient for sustainable farming systems. Many agricultural decision support systems (AgriDSS) have been developed to support farmers to manage an increased amount of gathered data. However, the traditional approach to AgriDSS development is based on the knowledge transfer perspective, which has resulted in technology being considered as an isolated phenomenon and thus not adapted to farmers’ actual needs or their decision making in practice. The aim of this study was to improve understanding of farmers’ use of AgriDSS. The theoretical framework of distributed cognition (DCog) was used as a lense when investigating and analysing farmers' use of a software tool developed for calculation of variable rate application (VRA) files for nitrogen (N) fertilisation from satellite images called CropSAT. In a case study, the unit of analysis was broadened to the whole socio-technical system of farmer’s decision-making, including other people and different kinds of tools and artefacts. The results reveal that CropSAT functions as a tool to support decision making and promotes social learning through the use of enhanced professional vision.
|
|
| 85. |
- Maes, Sharon, Dr. 1990-, et al.
(författare)
-
Airborne monitoring of water quality in remote regions
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) points out alpine regions worldwide as climate change hotspots. Expanding and diversifying summer tourism in northern Scandinavian mountains exerts additional severe pressure to these areas and their oligotrophic and sensitive aquatic ecosystems. Previous research at Mid Sweden University has shown that fecal contamination of mountain rivers, indicated by the enumeration of E. coli, is frequent in areas that are intensively being used for tourism and reindeer herding. According to the IPCC, climate change is projected to reduce raw water quality, posing risks to drinking water quality even with conventional treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for improved monitoring of water quality in such areas to be able to protect the ecosystem as well as the rights of indigenous people, human and animal health and to provide support for water management decision. To be able to monitor the water quality is of great importance for the sustainability of mountain regions and water sources in general. The inaccessibility of the watercourses in remote mountain areas makes it difficult to establish sufficient monitoring programs.In this research, the use of airborne monitoring systems to assess water quality in remote regions is investigated. Remote monitoring systems based on e.g. drones and satellites have the potential to replace less climate friendly options making use of terrain vehicles, snow mobiles and helicopters. The drones can be equipped with various sensors or sampling equipment, can overcome long transportations as well as time-consuming and expensive field samplings. Drones have great potential to be employed in everyday practices as an essential part of decision support systems for monitoring, evaluation and remediation of contaminated sites. The goal is to use drones to establish water quality monitoring programs in remote regions such as the mountain areas of Northern Sweden. In this research we intend to cover the catchment area of upper parts of river Indalsälven situated in the mountain region on the Swedish/Norwegian border, including the catchment areas of the tributaries Handölan and Enan covering approximately 777km2.One approach in this research is to image large areas of interest by the use of a multispectral camera on a drone and to identify spectral bands or band ratio´s which correlate to physicochemical parameters that are related to water quality. Another approach is to further explore the use of dronebased water sampling for laboratory or in-field analysis of microbial and chemical parameters.Both approaches should eventually lead to the development of a drone-based monitoring program for oligotrophic rivers that can image or measure water pollution with sufficient spatial coverage and time resolution to enable early warning of outbreaks of fecal pollution. Results of this research will contribute to SDG 6, targets 3 and 6 and SDG 14.
|
|
| 86. |
- Maes, Sharon, et al.
(författare)
-
Monitoring Tools For Sustainable Water Management In Mountain Areas
- 2022
-
Ingår i: 2022: Book of abstracts: Linnaeus ECO-TECH '22. - Kalmar. - 9789189460850
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The naturally oligotrophic rivers in Northern Sweden are generally characterized by a low pollution level. However, an increasing trend in E. coli contamination has been observed in the most upstream catchment area of one of the large rivers of Norhtern Sweden. This decrease in microbial water quality will have a severe negative impact on the ecosystem, wild animals, visitors, inhabitants as well as indigenous people dependent on the land for their daily income, such as Sami herders. The source area of river Indalsälven is part of a very remote, mountainous region with few roads, which makes it challenging to conduct regular water quality monitoring covering the whole area of ±780km2. The aim is to evaluate and implement monitoring tools that are more environmentally friendly and faster than the currently applied methods which can be implemented as an early warning system for fecal contamination in remote mountain areas. Currently, the presence of fecal contamination in Indalsälven´s catchment area is assessed by strategic river-side water sampling, followed by long transport times and laboratory analysis of fecal indicator organisms such as E. coli. The use of drones for water sampling could significantly increase the accessibility and coverage of the research area. Also, analysis time can drastically decrease by doing field analysis of the water samples, e.g. by performing a field-PCR for the detection and quantification of E. coli. On the other hand, the monitoring of proxies for fecal contamination can also be a promising approach for continuous monitoring and the development of an early warning system. Our previous research has shown that river flow rate and river color are potential parameters for this. Continuous measurement of these parameters at well-chosen locations or remote imaging by drones over the whole research area are proposed to investigate this track.
|
|
| 87. |
- Maes, Sharon, et al.
(författare)
-
Source Tracking of Fecal Contamination in Northern Oligotrophic Rivers
- 2022
-
Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS of the 28th Annual Conference, International Sustainable Development Research Society. - Stockholm. - 9789189504172
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The naturally oligotrophic rivers in northern Sweden are generally characterized by a low pollution level. However, an increasing trend in E. coli contamination has been observed in the most upstream catchment area of one of the large rivers of Norhtern Sweden. This change in microbial water quality will have a severe negative impact on the ecosystem, wild animals, visitors, inhabitants as well as indigenous people dependent on the land for their daily income, such as Sami herders. To limit or prevent the discharge of fecal pollution into the river system and also to estimate the danger that this contamination can pose to human health, it is important to know the source of this contamination. Based solely on structured water sampling, it is still very difficult to pinpoint the sources of fecal pollution. Therefore, a combined analysis of eDNA and microbial source tracking of E. coli isolates from river samples was performed to identify the source of fecal pollution in the research area. E. coli isolates were collected from water samples taken along the tributaries Enan and Handölan. Simultaneously, eDNA samples were collected on the same locations. Additionally, fecal and sewage samples were taken to collect E. coli isolates with a known host source being either human, beaver or reindeer. Also, sequences from genomic E. coli DNA originating from human (obtained from NCBI and University of Alberta, School of Public Health) and from beaver (obtained from University of Alberta, School of Public Health) were collected and included in the study. E. coli isolates were used for the amplification of three Intergenic Regions and subsequent analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms to identify host-specific genetic markers in the E. coli genome. eDNA samples were subjected to metabarcoding targeting mammal DNA to determine the relative species abundance in the water samples. The E. coli prevalence in the research area varies between <1 and 210 CFU/100mL and is dependent on e.g. sampling location (possible point sources), time (tourist intensity and area specific events such as reindeer calve marking) and weather (precipitation, river flow, UV radiation). A library containing the data from E. coli isolates that are known to be originating from the species human, beaver and reindeer was developed and used to identify the host source of the E. coli isolates collected from water samples. Consequently, E. coli isolates could be identified as originating from human, beaver, reindeer or a different mammal species. Results from the eDNA analysis provides information about the relative abundance of mammal species on a certain location. Although these results don´t provide a direct link to the presence or absence of fecal pollution by these species, it can provide interesting knowledge about the source of fecal pollution when combined with the E. coli prevalence data from the same sampling locations and times.
|
|
| 88. |
- Malmqvist, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
E/W-Band CPW-based Amplifier MMICs Fabricated in a 60 nm GaN-on-Silicon Foundry Process
- 2021
-
Ingår i: EuMIC 2020 - 2020 15th European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference. ; , s. 137-140
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an experimental evaluation of two co-planar waveguide (CPW) based E/W-band amplifier MMICs realised in a 60 nm GaN-on-Si foundry process. A one-stage amplifier and a two-stage amplifier realised in this process have a measured maximum gain of 8 dB and 16 dB at 73-74 GHz, respectively. The two amplifiers have a measured gain of 3 dB and 7 dB at 93 GHz when the drain voltage (Vd) is 10 V and the drain current (Id) is 15 mA per stage. The two-stage amplifier has a measured noise figure (NF) of 2.7-3.8 dB and 2.9-4.1 dB at 90-95 GHz when the Id is 10 mA and Vd is 5 V and 10 V, respectively. The measured NF of this amplifier is equal to 4-6 dB at 92-95 GHz when an Id of 10-20 mA is used in each stage with same drain bias.
|
|
| 89. |
|
|
| 90. |
|
|
